VENUS, DIOSAN DAVE H.

518484
BSCE – S SEPTEMBER 12, 2022
BCE315L (3381)
1. One of the numerical techniques used to calculate the definite integral is Simpson's
rule. Typically, we employ the calculus basic theorem to get the definite integral,
which requires us to use anti-derivative integration techniques. Finding the anti-
derivative of an integral can be challenging, though, especially in scientific
experiments where the function must be ascertained from the measured results. A
second-order polynomial is used to approximate the integrand in the Simpson 1/3
rule, a trapezoidal rule extension. The Simpson rule can be derived in a number of
ways, including the coefficients technique, the Lagrange polynomial, and Newton's
divided difference polynomial. We estimate the polynomial in Simpson's 1/3 rule
using a quadratic approximation. Each estimate here really includes coverage for
two subintervals. This is the reason why we want an even number of subintervals.
Although some of the approximations appear to be lines rather than quadratics,
they are quadratics. The function y = f(x) is approximated by a parabola, or a
polynomial of second order. When N is an even integer, this rule is implemented.

2. "Simpson's 3/8 rule" is a different approach to numerical integration. Instead of

using quadratic interpolation, it is entirely reliant on the cubic interpolation. The
Simpson's 3/8 rule, sometimes known as the Simpson's second rule, calls for one
extra function evaluation to take place inside the integration range and provides
lower error boundaries but does not change the error's order. We estimate the
polynomial in Simpson's 3/8 rule using a quadratic approximation. Each
approximation, however, really includes three subintervals rather than just two.
The sole distinction between Simpson's 3/8 rule and his 1/3 rule is that the 3/8 rule
uses a cubic polynomial as the interpolant. The 3/8 rule is nearly twice as accurate
as the 1/3 rule despite using one extra function value. When N is a multiple of 3,
this rule is implemented. The function y = f(x) is approximated by a parabola, or a
polynomial of third order.