100-Yer-Pm-Ppm-0258 (Pile Driving)

Yanbu Export Refinery Project
PROJECT PROCEDURE MANUAL (PPM)

Project Procedure 858, Pile Driving and Drilled Piles
Document No.: 100-YER-PM-PPM-0258
Revision No.: 0 Issue Date: 14 Mar 2008
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 PURPOSE ............................................................................................................. 3

2.0 SCOPE AND OBJECTIVES ................................................................................. 3
3.0 AFFECTS .............................................................................................................. 3
4.0 DEFINITIONS........................................................................................................ 3
5.0 REFFERENCES.................................................................................................... 3
6.0 TRAINING / OPERATOR QUALIFICATION......................................................... 4
7.0 EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................... 4
8.0 EQUIPMENT OPERATIONS ................................................................................ 5
9.0 GENERAL SAFETY.............................................................................................. 5
10.0 GENERAL WORK OPERATIONS........................................................................ 6
11.0 PROCEDURES FOR DRILLING OPERATIONS.................................................. 7
12.0 PROCEDURES FOR PILE DRIVING.................................................................. 11
13.0 MATERIAL HANDLING ...................................................................................... 13
14.0 SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS.................................................................................. 13
15.0 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS............................................................ 13
ATTACHMENT 1 – STANDARD HAND SIGNALS FOR PILE DRIVING OPERATIONS ... 14
General Business Confidential

Page 2 of 14
1.0 PURPOSE
This procedure outlines the minimum standards to be used in piling operations on
the Yanbu Export Refinery Project (YERP).
2.0 SCOPE AND OBJECTIVES
To define safety requirements regarding the use of sheet, soldier, tube, timber,
concrete, auger, and similar pile-driving activities.
3.0 AFFECTS
All Contractors and subcontractors performing piling operations on the Project.
4.0 DEFINITIONS
4.1 Apron
The horizontal structure connecting the bottom of the pile leads to the crane
carriage.
4.3 Fixed Lead
A lead connected to a crane at two points: at the boom point and at the crane
carriage.
4.4 Lead
The frame structure used to guide the hammer or auger.
4.5 Piling Equipment
Any equipment used to place foundation piles and sheet piles, such as but
not limited to: cranes and related attachments, pile driver, vibrating hammers,
rotary boring equipment, etc.
4.5 Qualified Inspector
A Contractor person, acceptable to YERP, who by possession of a
recognized degree, certificate, or professional standing, or who by extensive
knowledge, training and experience, has successfully demonstrated his ability
to inspect equipment related to the subject matter.
4.6 Qualified Operator
An experienced Contractor Craftsperson who has received training,
acceptable to YERP, Contractor approval, and who has demonstrated
competency to operate a specific piece of equipment.
5.0 REFFERENCES
5.1 100-PM-PPM-0253, Mobile Cranes
5.2 100-YER-PM-PPM-0255, Operating Equipment Near Overhead Electrical
Lines/Piping
5.3 Power Crane and Shovel Association (PCSA) Mobile Hydraulic Crane
Standard No. 2
5.4 OSHA 29 CFR Part 1926

Page 3 of 14
6.0 TRAINING / OPERATOR QUALIFICATION

6.1 All Piling Equipment Operators are required to have a valid heavy equipment
operator Saudi Arab Government (SAG) license that is applicable for
operation of such equipment.
6.2 Contractor must develop and implement training and testing programs,
acceptable to YERP, for authorization of Piling Equipment Operators and
personnel involved with piling operations.
6.2.1 Training must be specific to the equipment to be used.
6.2.2 Testing shall include a written test and performance test.
6.3 All operators of cranes must meet the following minimum requirements:
6.3.1 They must pass an annual medical examination (see 100-YER-PM-
PPM-0253, Mobile Cranes).
6.3.2 They must pass a written/oral test on equipment operation at a
maximum interval of every two years.
6.3.3 They must demonstrate satisfactory operating “hands-on” skills at a
maximum interval of two years for each specific type of equipment
they will operate.
6.3.4 The Contractor must document all required training, written and skills
testing, and retain copies of such training documentation on site.
6.4 Contractor must issue proof of qualification to each operator authorized to
operate Piling Equipment. The specific equipment type must be written on
such proof of qualification
6.5 Operators must have this proof of qualification with them at all times while
operating the equipment.
6.6 All training and testing of Piling Equipment Operators shall be administered
by a designated Competent Person.
7.0 EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS
7.1 All cranes used as well as their use as piling equipment shall comply with
applicable pats of 100-YER-PM-PPM-0253, Mobile Cranes.
7.2 Pile equipment attachments shall be operated and maintained in accordance
with manufacturer’s recommendations.
7.2.1 A copy of the manufacturer’s operating and maintenance manuals
shall accompany all pile driving equipment and related attachments.
7.3 Where cranes are to be used to drive raking piles with a drop hammer or
driving piles below the level of the crane using extended leaders, the hammer
will be suspended from the crane at a greater radius than the boom angle
indicator will show. In all such cases, the distance of the hammer from the
center point of the crane must be calculated and this distance used to
ascertain the safe working load.

Page 4 of 14
7.4 At the start of each shift, hammers, extractors and other piling equipment
shall be inspected. Defective equipment shall be tagged “Do Not Use”, and
removed from service until repairs.
8.0 EQUIPMENT OPERATIONS
8.1 All equipment shall be maintained in accordance with Contractor’s
established guidelines and/or the manufacture’s guidelines, which ever
depicts the most stringent application for achieving optimum safety results.
8.1.2 Provisions shall be in place to allow for a general maintenance of the
leads top sheaves to be accomplished from ground level.
8.3 Equipment will only be operated in a manner as it was designed to do.
Alterations shall require documented approval from the equipment
manufacturer.
8.3.1 Any piece of equipment that does not operate in the manner designed
by the manufacture shall be tagged “Defective” and taken out of
service until properly repaired.
8.4 Stop blocks shall be provided for the leads to prevent the hammer from being
raised against the head block.
8.5 Boom stops will be provided to prevent the leads from being pulled past “Top
Dead Center” towards the operators cab.
8.6 A blocking device, capable of safely supporting the weight of the hammer
shall be provided for placement under the hammer at all times while
personnel are working under the hammer.
8.7 Guards shall be provided across the top of the head block to prevent the
cable from jumping out of the sheaves.
8.8 An approved ladder with fall protection devices shall be attached to the leads
for access to elevated locations. Personnel accessing elevated areas shall be
protected from falling at all times by means such as a properly installed self-
retracting lanyard or ladder safety climb device.
8.9 Elevated work locations shall be equipped with standard handrails and
secure points for safety attachment.
8.10 When the leads must be inclined in the driving of batter piles, provisions shall
be made to stabilize the leads.
8.11 Guys, outriggers, thrust-outs or counter balances shall be used to stabilize
the pile driving rig as needed.
9.0 GENERAL SAFETY
9.1 All hose connections supplying power or having material passing through
shall be secured at the connections with 1/4” diameter chain or cable to
prevent whipping.
9.2 Lines supplying power to the hammer or other high pressure equipment shall
be equipped with quick-acting, single action shut-off values.
9.3 Work areas shall be kept clear of obstructions such as extra hose footage,
piling cutoffs or material spoils.

Page 5 of 14
9.4 A safe work area of 1 1/2 times the height of the leads shall be “Red”
barricaded and maintained free of all personnel not directly involved in the
pile driving operations.
9.5 All personnel shall be kept clear and out from under any piling being hoisted.
9.6 When piling being driven requires work below grade level, a safe means of
access and egress will be provided.
9.7 When steel tube piles are being “blown out” employees shall be protected
with adequate personal protective equipment and shall be kept clear of falling
materials.
9.8 When it is necessary to cut off the tops of piling or casing, the pile driving
operation must cease or the cutting operation must be at least twice the
distance of the longest pile from the driver.
9.9 Personnel required to operate tools such as chain saws, cutting torches or
tensioning machines, shall be thoroughly trained in the proper and safe
operating procedures. All such training shall be conducted by a designated
competent person and documented.
9.10 Piles shall be lifted and positioned in the pile gate or onto the leaders or rig
with sound lifting gear adequate for the purpose. Quick release shackles
should be examined before each use. Where hollow section or concrete piles
are lifted with chains or wire slings, timber or burlap packing should be placed
between the lifting gear and the pile. Adequate access, such as a cradle or a
properly secured ladder, must be provided for the topman when pitching
sheet piles. The topman must wear heavy-duty gloves when pitching.
9.11 Standard hand signals shall be used for hoisting and driving of piles (see
Attachment 1 – Standard Hand Signals for Pile Driving Operations
10.0 GENERAL WORK OPERATIONS
10.1 Location of underground services
10.1.1 Contractor shall make all efforts to identify all utilities and obstructions
that may affect the work.
10.1.2 Stake-outs of all nearby utilities must be completed prior to
commencement of any pile driving/drilling operations.
10.1.3 Documentation that utility locates were completed are required.
10.1.4 Clearly marked stakes must indicate the utility service location.
10.1.5 In the case of any uncertainty as to specific location of underground
utilities, the work is not to commence until the utility is exposed or
located by other means.
10.1.6 The service must be located by hand excavation and visual inspection
if close to the work. If the stakes are within a distance equal to 1
meter (3 ft) plus a safety margin equal to the width of the service, then
hand-excavated test pits shall be required prior to commencement of
any piling work.

Page 6 of 14
10.1.7 Utilities that are known to be close to the foundation elements may
require some type of special protection. Contact the appropriate
authority to agree on such measures.
10.1.8 If unanticipated services are encountered, work shall cease at that
location until the service has been identified and deemed safe.
10.1.9 10.1.9 Work where any part of the equipment or attachments could
come within 6 meters (20 ft) of overhead electric transmission lines or
process piping shall be conducted in accordance with 100-YER-PM-
PPM-0255, Operating Equipment Near Overhead Electric
Lines/Piping.
10.1.10 In addition to the requirement of 10.1.9 above; except where electrical
distribution and transmission lines have been de-energized and visibly
grounded at point of work or where insulating barriers, that are not a
part of or an attachment to the piling equipment, have been erected to
prevent physical contact with the lines, piling equipment shall be
operated so that the following clearances are maintained:
Normal Voltage, KV Minimum Requirements
(Phase to Phase) Clearance, Meters (Ft.)
to 50 3.05 (10)
Over 50 to 200 4.60 (15)
Over 200 to 350 6.10 (20)
Over 350 to 500 7.62 (25)
Over 500 to 750 10.67 (35)
Over 750 to 1000 13.72 (45)
11.0 PROCEDURES FOR DRILLING OPERATIONS
11.1 Ensure that all personnel remain clear of the swing radius of equipment.
Counterweight swing radius shall be barricaded at all times.
11.2 The piling equipment operator and signalman shall agree on the type of
communication to be used prior to starting work. Hand signals must be used
when verbal communication is not effective. All workers shall be familiar with
machine operation hand signals; however, the operator shall accept signals
only from the designated signalman except for an emergency stop signal,
which may be given by any worker. Hand signal charts are in Section 16.0.
11.3 When open-hole drilling is being performed, soil conditions shall be carefully
observed during drilling of each hole. If loose or caving material is observed
which may endanger the surrounding work area, measures such as liners
and/or drilling slurry shall be introduced. These measures will remain in place
until the holes have been backfilled above the loose or caving material.
11.4 Avoid approaching the hole unnecessarily. Added precautions should be
observed during work that may disturb the ground surface such as liner
placement and removal.

Page 7 of 14
11.5 Before pouring concrete check to see that no one is in the caisson or an
adjacent caisson. The Contractor’s project engineer shall be consulted to
determine a safe working distance between holes under construction.
11.6 When replacing worn teeth on an auger use safety glasses and the proper
installation tools. Personnel shall not clean an auger pinhole with fingers. A
wood dowel or piece of reinforcing steel shall be used to keep fingers clear of
being pinched.
11.7 After any suspension of drilling always check that the shaft is clear prior to
resuming operations.
11.8 Ground Procedures During Drilling Operations
11.8.1 The area surrounding a hole being drilled or an open drilled hole is
designated as a restricted area. Access shall be limited to authorized,
trained personnel and such personnel are to avoid approaching the
hole unnecessarily.
11.8.2 Where there is a liner in the hole extending 1 meter (3 ft) or more
above grade, the liner serves as an acceptable guardrail.
11.8.3 No one shall approach within 1.8 meters (6 feet) from the edge of a
hole during or after drilling unless they are directly involved in the
operation. Workers involved in the operation shall not come within 1.8
meters (6 ft) of the edge of a hole being drilled or a drilled caisson
without a liner extending at least 1 meter (3 ft) above grade unless the
worker is protected against falling into the hole. Protection shall entail
wearing a fall arrest/fall restraining system or installing a standard
guardrail around the hole.
11.8.3.1 Open holes shall be covered in accordance with 100-YER-
PM-PPM-0227, Barricades.
11.8.3.2 Fall arrest systems/restraint systems shall be anchored to
adequate anchorages.
11.8.4 Personnel shall approach the equipment within the operator’s view
and be mindful of his blind spots. Personnel shall stay away from
working equipment and the swing area, until they have the operator’s
attention. The drill operator and the signalman are to cease
operations if someone enters the restricted area without proper
protection. Operations are not to continue until the person has been
escorted out of the restricted area.
11.8.5 When setting soldier piles or rebar cage, personnel shall be protected
from falling by a fall arrest/fall restraint system unless the pile or cage
once placed in the hole makes a fall impossible.
11.9 Caisson Access and Egress
11.9.1 These procedures are intended to be followed only if workers are
required to enter the mechanically augured caisson hole for purposes
of hand cleaning and/or inspection.
11.9.2 YERP does not promote nor recommend the practice of hand
cleaning and visual inspection of the base of caissons. Contractors
Page 8 of 14
shall provide YERP a detailed hazardous work plan where work will
be done inside caissons that include emergency rescue procedures.
No entry will be performed with out documented YERP approval.
11.9.3 The minimum size caisson which a worker shall be permitted to enter
is one in which the casing or liner is at least 0.9 meters (36 in) in
diameter.
11.9.4 If the caisson is drilled without the use of a casing liner, then a
temporary steel safety liner with a diameter which is not less than 150
mm. (6 in) less than the diameter of the drilled hole shall be installed.
The liner shall extend to within 1.2 meters (4 ft) of the base of the
caisson in overburden or to the top of the rock in the case of caissons
with rock sockets. The casing shall extend a minimum of 1 meter (3 ft)
above ground.
11.9.5 Caissons shall be checked for oxygen content and combustible or
toxic gases. If gas is detected or the oxygen content is not within
accepted limits, then no worker shall enter the caisson. Caisson shall
be checked continuously when a worker is in the caisson and also
shall be rechecked after any suspension in operations. Air monitoring
devices shall only be used by personnel trained in the use of such
devices.
11.9.6 The caisson shall be dewatered if not dry, using submersible pump(s).
If the inflow of water requires, the casing shall be seated so as to cut
off excessive inflow. Dewatering shall continue as necessary during
down-hole operations. If caisson cannot be dewatered adequately, no
person shall enter the hole.
11.9.7 A ladder may be used to provide access to caissons that are no more
than 9 meters (29.5 ft) deep, or a hoisting device may be used. For
caissons exceeding 9 meters (29.5 ft) in depth a hoisting device shall
be used.
11.9.8 When a hoisting device is used, the worker is to be lowered into and
lifted out of the caisson using a steel mucking bucket with anti-tipping
latch. The mucking bucket shall be of an engineered design, with a
drawing available on site, stamped by a professional engineer.
Shackles, rather than hooks, shall be used to attach cables to
mucking buckets.
11.9.9 Inspect mucking buckets thoroughly before each use. Check for
cracks in handles and faulty latches.
11.9.10 Where a crane is utilized for access, it shall be equipped with at least
one winch with power-up and power-down capabilities. The line from
this winch shall be used to hoist or lower the bucket. The crane shall
be positioned in the appropriate place before down-hole operations
begin. Ensure that there is adequate cable on the drum to reach the
bottom of the hole. The bucket shall be lowered in a dry run to make
sure that at least 3 wraps are left on the drum when the bucket is at
the bottom.
Page 9 of 14
Note: When a crane is used to lower/hoist personnel the procedures

found in 100-YER-PM-PPM-0236, Crane Suspended Work
Platform shall be followed.
11.9.11 In all instances where a crane is used and in instances where a ladder
is used to access a caisson, a vertical lifeline line shall be employed
attached to a self retracting lifeline capable of retrieval. The worker
preparing to enter the caisson shall wear a full body harness with the
self retracting lifeline attached to the back “D” ring.
11.9.12 A signalman shall be positioned at the top of the caisson and he shall
maintain visual communication or some other means of
communication with the worker in the caisson and visual contact with
the crane operator where a ladder is not the means of access.
Appropriate lights shall be provided when natural lighting does not
provide clear visual contact.
11.9.13 Where a crane and bucket is being used, the worker shall be lowered
into the caisson in a slow, controlled manner. Lowering shall stop
when he signals that the bottom has been reached. When the worker
leaves the bucket at the base of the caisson he shall continue to wear
his/her full body harness and shall not disconnect the fall arrest
system from the harness. When exiting the caisson, the worker shall
be raised using the bucket in a slow, controlled manner as for
lowering.
11.9.14 The worker shall not remain in the hole while the bucket is raised or
lowered.
11.9.15 Muck removed from the base of the caisson shall be dumped well
away from the top of the hole.
11.9.16 When exiting the caisson using a crane and bucket, the down-hole
worker shall be hoisted only as high as necessary to clear the caisson
and the bucket shall be swung away from the caisson hole.
11.9.17 A qualified inspector shall be permitted to enter the caisson to do final
inspection utilizing the same techniques as used for the worker doing
the base cleaning.
11.10 Drilling Procedures To Prevent Caving Or Loss Of Ground
11.10.1 Special techniques are required when drilling through layers
consisting of very loose soil or if there is significant water seepage.
Special techniques include temporary casing, mud drilling and
polymer or bentonite slurry drilling. Under no circumstances shall a
void be allowed to form around the drilled hole. If there is significant
water seepage causing loss of ground, a temporary casing will be
used to seal these layers. Mud drilling or slurry drilling procedures
may also be used to prevent cave-in and water penetration. If a
worker is required to place a pump into the drilled hole he shall wear a
fall arrest system.
11.10.2 Procedures through unstable ground:

Page 10 of 14
11.10.2.1 Temporary steel casing: the casing is placed into the drilled
hole. The casing is advanced by a vibratory hammer or
twisting with the kelly bar until it is seated into a stable layer.
The casing provides support to any unstable layers. The
material inside the casing is removed and any remaining
length of the hole is drilled open with an auger.
11.10.2.2 Mud drilling and steel casing: the auger is advanced through
the unstable layer without removing any material from the
hole. The native material is mixed with water to create a
drilling mud. The level of the drilling mud is maintained
above the unstable layers to provide a positive pressure or
head. The temporary casing is placed through the mud and
seated into a stable layer. The drilling mud is bailed out of
the casing and any remaining length of the hole is drilled
open with an auger.
11.10.2.3 Polymer or bentonite slurry: when unstable layers are
encountered, a polymer or bentonite slurry is introduced into
the drilled hole. The level of the slurry must be maintained
1.5 meters above the static water level. The remainder of the
hole is drilled with buckets or augers. The slurry is cleaned
with a twist bailer. Concrete or weak mix is placed by tremie
or pumping.
12.0 PROCEDURES FOR PILE DRIVING
12.1 Where the boom, counterweight or other principal part of a crane has been
modified to accept equipment related to pile driving (i.e. Leads, hammers,
etc.), the modification shall be approved by the equipment manufacturer.
Such approval shall be documented and made available to YERP.
12.2 No person shall stand under the kicker (the strut between the crane and the
pile leads).
12.3 When driving piles in a side batter configuration, ensure that the equipment is
suitable for the intended batter.
12.4 A signal person shall be positioned in full view of the operator before any pile
driving equipment is relocated at the work site. Standard crane and pile
driving signals must be used by all workers. The operator shall accept signals
only from the designated signalman except for an emergency stop signal,
which may be given by any person.
12.5 Piles or sheet piling stored on the ground shall be adequately supported by
blocking. Pipe piles must be stacked in well supported and braced racks or
frames, unless other provision is made to prevent their movement.
12.6 During hoisting, tag lines or similar devices shall be used to control rotation of
the load. Safety lugs must be welded to steel piles to prevent the pile line
from slipping. Piles or sheet piling shall be adequately supported during
placing or removal. Only workers who are competent and familiar with the
specific hazards of the operation shall be in the work area where these
operations are being carried out.
Page 11 of 14
12.7 If a worker is required to climb the driving lead, the operator of the equipment
will apply all brakes and necessary safety switches to ensure no uncontrolled
motion of the equipment.
12.8 All workers shall wear adequate eye-protection and hearing protection.
12.9 Secure all shackles with steel wire or other means.
12.10 Workers required taking pile refusal measurements shall be made aware of
potential hazards.
12.11 Workmen shall stand clear of the operation while driving is in progress. The
emergency shut-off valve and the crane or winch controls must be manned at
all times during driving. The supervisor responsible for the work must be
present and so positioned that he can be seen by the crane or winch operator
and the man standing by the valve. When driving raking piles, the pile,
leaders, and machine must be in the same line. Under no circumstances
should any man touch the hammer until all valves are closed. A system of
signals shall be arranged between the supervisor, the winch or crane
operator, and the valve operator, so that the emergency shutdown does not
depend on verbal communication. Where the head of a pile becomes
distorted through driving, no attempt should be made to clear it from the
leaders by lifting or booming up. The pile head should be cut off and the
debris cleared from the leaders.
12.12 If operations necessitate a person to climb the driving lead, the following
safety precautions must be strictly adhered to:
12.12.1 The person climbing shall wear and use a full body harness with “Y”
type shock-absorbing lanyards attached to the back “D” ring.
12.12.2 He will approach the leads and reach up above his head and attach
one of the lanyard locking snaps to an anchorage point on the lead.
12.12.3 Climb upward to a point where the first lanyard snap is located at
about waist level, stop climbing, reach up with the second lanyard
locking snap and fasten it securely to a higher anchorage point.
Reach out to the first lanyard locking snap and unhook it after
ensuring that the second lanyard locking snap is securely fastened.
Continue to climb upward to a point where the second lanyard snap is
located at about waist level, stop climbing, reach up with the first
lanyard locking snap and fasten it securely. Reach out to the second
lanyard locking snap and unhook it.
12.12.4 Repeat this method of climbing until the desired height location is
reached. Securely anchor off using a regular lanyard attached to the
two (2) d-rings, one on each side of harness or a lanyard attached to
a front d-ring, and perform the task required. Keep one lanyard
attached to the lead above your head at all times when performing
task.

Page 12 of 14
12.12.5 Upon completion of task, begin to descend to a point where the

secured lanyard locking snap is still reachable overhead, stop
descending, reach out and attach the other lanyard snap at about
waist height. Reach up and unhook the first locking snap.
12.12.6 Continue to descend until the second attached locking device is still
reachable overhead. Stop descending, reach out and re-attach the
first locking snap at about waist height. Reach out and unhook the
second locking snap.
12.12.7 Repeat this descent method until ground level is reached. At that
point, detach all lanyard locking snaps and stand clear of the leads
before removing the harness.
12.12.8 Alternative means of providing fall protection while climbing leads is
permitted, such as the use of ladder safety devices and self retracting
lanyards mounted on the leads head-piece.
12.13 No attempt shall be made to extract piles which have been hammer-driven by
lifting or booming up with a crane. A steam, air, or electric operated extractor
shall be used. Particular attention should be paid to the extractor wedges and
the condition of the gripping faces, which should not be smooth. Workmen
must not walk under piles that are suspended from extractors.
13.0 MATERIAL HANDLING
13.1 The loading, unloading or moving of material shall be done in a safe manner
that will not expose personnel to inherent dangers and as being under loads
or pinch points.
13.1.1 All load hooks will have operable safety latches.
13.1.2 When possible, loads shall be lifted in a flat and controlled manner.
13.1.3 Piling lifted by one end shall be attached in a positive manner to
prevent slippage. Place a full wrap on round material and pre-cut a
hole in H-beam material to secure the shackle.
14.0 SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS
14.1 Only trained personnel essential to the piling operation shall be permitted
within a radius equal to the un-driven length of the pile being installed.
14.2 Personnel shall be kept clear of a turning auger and the spoil “throw” zone.
14.3 Hand tools may not be used near a turning auger.
14.4 Noise levels must be determined and appropriate hearing protection used by
workers expose to noise levels exceeding 85 DBa.
15.0 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
15.1 Hydraulic systems must be maintained to prevent leakage.
15.2 If a leak or spill occurs in a hydraulic system, the spill must be cleaned up
immediately and spillage and contaminated soils properly disposed of (se
100-YER-PM-PPM-0216, Waste Management.

Page 13 of 14
ATTACHMENT 1 – STANDARD HAND SIGNALS FOR PILE DRIVING OPERATIONS

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Yanbu Export Refinery Project

PROJECT PROCEDURE MANUAL (PPM)

1.0 PURPOSE ............................................................................................................. 3

General Business Confidential

General Business Confidential

6.0 TRAINING / OPERATOR QUALIFICATION

General Business Confidential

General Business Confidential

General Business Confidential

General Business Confidential

Note: When a crane is used to lower/hoist personnel the procedures

General Business Confidential

General Business Confidential

12.12.5 Upon completion of task, begin to descend to a point where the

General Business Confidential

ATTACHMENT 1 – STANDARD HAND SIGNALS FOR PILE DRIVING OPERATIONS

General Business Confidential

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