Constructivism Rationalism Social Naturalism Hedonism

Reconstructivism Jean Jacques Aristippus of

Lev Vygotsky Rene Descartes Paolo Friere Rousseau Cyrene

> children constrcut > school should be > pleasure is the sole
knowledge > Reasoning indicates change agent > natural tendency good
knowledge
> creation > students should know > conrete to abstract > pleasure is
> Reasoning means their place in the word
> asking insights from > logical happiness
having knowledge > ROTC
a class "why suffer?"

Utilitiarianism Stoicisim
Epicurianism Gestalt Theory
Jeremny Marcus Aurelius
Epicurus Max Wertheimer
Bentham/John Stuart orig. Zeno of Citium

> whole is more than the sum

> YOLO > the greater good > Change only that you can
of its parts
control > integration of multiple
> life is good make > the common > mind less if hope is less
activities to achieve
something
sure to enjoy it benefit
> e.g. study, chunking
 Existentialism Pragmatism
Essentialism Perrenailism Sanders, Peirce, Idealism
Soren Hutchins & Adler William James, John
William Bagley Plato
Kierkegaard Dewey

> never-changing
> self-choice
> 4rs > everlasting pertinence > Practical > ideas
> freedom of expression
> 1 way communication
> Individuality
> learning through > Practice of skills > perfection
> Specialization memorization > changing
> complete responsibility
> the great books
> spirit and values

> teacher as authority

> sage on the stage
> teacher as a guide > generalist > guide on the side > high-expectant

Progressivism Realism Empiricism Cognitivism Behaviorism

John Dewey Aristotle Francis Bacon Jean Piaget John Watson

> "learning by doing" > 5 senses > experience is the

> mind >environmental stimuli
> cooperative learning > practical knowledge best teacher
> reality exists independent > information > conditioning
> multiple intelligence > experimental
of human mind processor - classical (Pavlov)
> differentiated instruction science
> independent of the with empty minds - operant (Skinner)
> project-based task knower > mathematics

> guide on the side