MBA Wallah

Batch : FOUNDATION (CAT)

Subject : Data Interpretation & Logical Reasoning
DPP - 16
Topic : Puzzles–01

Directions: Read the following information and answer Directions: Read the following information and answer
the question that follows: the question that follows:
Eight bulbs, A through H, are placed in a straight row. The Eight bulbs, A through H, are all illuminated at t = 0. The
bulbs are illuminated from left to right where the leftmost bulbs are numbered from the left as 1, 2, 3 and so on up to
bulb is illuminated at t = 0 sec. There is some lag between 8. The bulb number N goes off for a second at time t = N
illumination of two adjacent bulb by 1 sec. Following sec, 2N Sec, 3N Sec and so on and gets illuminated in the
information is known – next second (N is any natural number from 2 to 8). The
1. C, G & A got illuminated at the different seconds leftmost bulb goes off at t = 9 Sec, 18 Sec, 27 Sec and so on
which are prime numbers in the same order and gets illuminated in the very next second. Following
2. E got illuminated 2 seconds before H information are known-
3. D got illuminated 7 seconds before F 1. Bulb H is placed 4th to the right of the bulb which goes
off exactly 15 times in the first 1 minute and is not bulb
1. Which bulb is placed 3 places to the right of bulb C.
B? 2. In the first 1-minute time, the bulb E was off for exactly
(a) C (b) G 10 seconds
(c) E (d) A 3. Whenever bulb E goes off, bulb A & D also goes off
4. The bulb which is to the immediate left of Bulb A went
2. The bulb which got illuminated just after H got off exactly 6 times in the first 1 minute
illuminated at what time? 5 Bulb B which was off at t = 25 seconds is 2 places to
(a) 4 (b) 5 the left of Bulb F
(c) 6 (d) 7
6. Which all bulbs were on position at t = 30 seconds?
3. What is the gap between the illumination of bulb C (a) C, G, F, H (b) C, G, F, D
& E? (c) B, G, F, H (d) C, G, A, D
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 4 7. Which bulb is placed 3 places to the right of the
bulb that goes off the highest number of times in the
4. If the pair of bulbs which are equidistant from the first 60 seconds?
two edges exchange positions (example bulb (a) A (b) B
number 1 from left and bulb number 1 from right (c) C (d) D
swap positions and so on) and then are illuminated
then which bulb gets illuminated at t = 2 seconds? 8. Which bulbs are occupying the extreme ends?
(a) A (b) B (a) A, H (b) C, H
(c) C (d) D (c) A, F (d) C, F

5. If the pair of bulbs which are equidistant from the 9. Which bulbs were necessarily in the off position
two edges exchange positions (example bulb when bulb H was off?
number 1 from left and bulb number 1 from right (a) A, D, G (b) A, G
swap positions and so on), which bulb gets (c) D, G (d) C, A, D
illuminated at a time (in seconds) which is a prime
number? 10. Which bulb will be off at t = 15 seconds?
(a) A (b) C (a) B, G (b) E, G
(c) G (d) Only a and b are true (c) B, D (d) D, G
 MBA Wallah

Directions: Read the following information and answer 11. What should be the minimum ticket price so that
the question that follows: Harshad does not incur any losses?
Harshad Mohra is the owner of a racecourse in Mumbai. He (a) 3000 INR (b) 6000 INR
has 25 horses which take part in a weekly race which (c) 4000 INR (d) 5000 INR
happens on Sunday. Gamblers can bet for one of the 25
horses (H1 to H25) as the winning horse. Every Gambler 12. If Harshad priced his tickets at 4000 INR and got
needs to buy a ticket while placing their bet for one of the 2,21,000 INR profit, find which horse was 3rd
25 horses. The prize money for the right prediction are as fastest in the race?
follows-
(a) H1 (b) H3
Let’s say, Gambler G has placed a bet for H1. If H1 proves
to be the fastest horse out of 25 horses, then G gets 5 times (c) H5 (d) H4
of the ticket price in return. If H1 is second fastest, then G
gets 3 times of the ticket value. If H1 is 3rd fastest out of 25 13. Find the number of races Harshad needs to conduct
horses, then G gets 2 times of the ticket value. For any other to find the 3rd fastest horse?
ranks, G does not get any money. (a) 10 (b) 9
Harshad has only 5 lanes in the racecourse for the race and (c) 8 (d) 7
he can have only 5 horses running in the race at a time out
of 25 horses. For each race, Harshad needs to pay 800 INR 14. Harshad himself bought one ticket for H1 along
to each of the participating horse riders and 1000 INR extra with 100 gamblers. Now find what should be the
to the winning horse rider. minimum ticket price, so that he does not incur any
On one of the Sundays, 100 gamblers came and bet for 25 loss?
horses. Following is the number of people who bet for the (a) 2182 INR (b) 3182 INR
different horses-
(c) 2382 INR (d) 4382 INR
Horse # Gamblers
15. Because of COVID, Harshad decided to give only
H1 10
one prize money to all the gamblers who predicted
H2 9
the fastest horse correctly. What is the total
H3 8 minimum amount of money that Harshad needs to
H4 7 pay to the horse-riders now (in INR)?
H5 6 (a) 30000 (b) 28000
H6-H25 3 each (c) 27500 (d) 27000
 MBA Wallah

Answer Key
1. (c) 9. (b)
2. (d) 10. (c)
3. (b) 11. (d)
4. (a) 12. (c)
5. (d) 13. (d)
6. (a) 14. (b)
7. (b) 15. (a)
8. (b)
 MBA Wallah

Hints & Solutions

1. (c) From the second condition we get that E gets
From the third condition we can infer that there is a illuminated 2 seconds before H. Thus, the only
7 seconds difference between D & F where D got available positions are t = 4 Sec and t = 6 Sec.
illuminated first. This means that D must get So, the final arrangement is –
illuminated first and F gets illuminated at t = 7
Bulbs D B C G E A H F
seconds.
Time (Sec) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
So, the arrangement is –
The bulb that got illuminated just after H is bulb F
D F
which got illuminated at t = 7 sec.
From the first condition we can infer that C gets
illuminated at t = 2 seconds, G gets illuminated at t
3. (b)
= 3 seconds and A gets illuminated at t = 5 seconds.
From the third condition we can infer that there is a
So, the arrangement is –
7 seconds difference between D & F where D got
Bulbs D C G A F illuminated first. This means that D must get
Time (Sec) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 illuminated first and F gets illuminated at t = 7
seconds.
From the second condition we get that E gets
So, the arrangement is –
illuminated 2 seconds before H. Thus, the only
available positions are t = 4 Sec and t = 6 Sec. D F
So, the final arrangement is – From the first condition we can infer that C gets
Bulbs D B C G E A H F illuminated at t = 2 seconds, G gets illuminated at t
= 3 seconds and A gets illuminated at t = 5 seconds.
Time (Sec) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
So, the arrangement is –
E bulb is 3 places to the right of bulb B.
Bulbs D C G A F
Time (Sec) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2. (d)
From the third condition we can infer that there is a From the second condition we get that E gets
7 seconds difference between D & F where D got illuminated 2 seconds before H. Thus, the only
illuminated first. This means that D must get available positions are t = 4 Sec and t = 6 Sec.
illuminated first and F gets illuminated at t = 7 So, the final arrangement is –
seconds.
Bulbs D B C G E A H F
So, the arrangement is –
Time (Sec) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
D F
Bulb E got illuminated 2 seconds after bulb C.
From the first condition we can infer that C gets
illuminated at t = 2 seconds, G gets illuminated at t
4. (a)
= 3 seconds and A gets illuminated at t = 5 seconds.
From the third condition we can infer that there is a
So, the arrangement is –
7 seconds difference between D & F where D got
Bulbs D C G A F illuminated first. This means that D must got
Time (Sec) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 illuminated first and F got illuminated at t = 7
seconds.
So, the arrangement is –
 MBA Wallah

D F Bulbs D B C G E A H F
From the first condition we can infer that C gets Time (Sec) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
illuminated at t = 2 seconds, G gets illuminated at t
After the position exchange the bulbs the new
= 3 seconds and A gets illuminated at t = 5 seconds.
position is –
So, the arrangement is –
Bulbs F H A E G C B D
Bulbs D C G A F
Time (Sec) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Time (Sec) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
From the given options, A gets illuminated at t = 2
From the second condition we get that E gets seconds, C gets illuminated at t = 5 seconds and E
illuminated 2 seconds before H. Thus, the only gets illuminated at t = 3 seconds.
available positions are t = 4 Sec and t = 6 Sec.
Thus, both A & C are illuminated at the prime
So, the final arrangement is – seconds.
Bulbs D B C G E A H F
Time (Sec) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 6. (a)
From the first condition we get Bulb H is placed 4th
After the position exchange the bulbs the new
to the right of the bulb which goes off exactly 15
position is –
times in the first 1 minute and is not bulb C. So bulb
Bulbs F H A E G C B D H occupies position 8.
Time (Sec) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Bulbs H
Bulb A got illuminated at t = 2 seconds post the Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
position exchange.
From the second condition we get- In the first 1-
minute time, the bulb E was off for exactly 10
5. (d) seconds. This means that bulb E is in the 6th
From the third condition we can infer that there is a position.
7 seconds difference between D & F where D got
Bulbs E H
illuminated first. This means that D must get
illuminated first and F gets illuminated at t = 7 Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
seconds. From 3rd condition we get- Whenever bulb E goes
So, the arrangement is – off, bulb A & D also goes off-
D F Bulbs A/D D/A E H
From the first condition we can infer that C gets Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
illuminated at t = 2 seconds, G gets illuminated at t
From 4th condition we get- The bulb which is to the
= 3 seconds and A gets illuminated at t = 5 seconds.
immediate left of Bulb A went off exactly 6 times
So, the arrangement is – in the first 1 minute. Thus, bulb A has to occupy the
Bulbs D C G A F position 2nd and the bulb left to it is in the first
position as it goes off 6 times (9, 18, 27…54)
Time (Sec) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Bulbs A D E F H
From the second condition we get that E gets
illuminated 2 seconds before H. Thus, the only Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
available positions are t = 4 Sec and t = 6 Sec. From the 5th condition we get-Bulb B which was off
So, the final arrangement is – at t = 25 seconds is 2 places to the left of Bulb F.
 MBA Wallah

Thus the final arrangement is as below as B is in the The bulb A which is in position 2 goes off most of
5th place and F is in the 7th place. the time (30 times) in the first 60 seconds. The bulb
which is 3rd to the right of bulb A is B.
Bulbs C A D G B E F H
Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
8. (b)
The bulbs which are the factors of 30 will be in the
From the first condition we get Bulb H is placed 4th
off position. So, A, D, B, E bulbs will remain in off to the right of the bulb which goes off exactly 15
position and bulbs C, G, F, H will be in on position. times in the first 1 minute and is not bulb C. So, the
bulb H occupies position 8.
7. (b)
Bulbs H
From the first condition we get Bulb H is placed 4th
Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
to the right of the bulb which goes off exactly 15
times in the first 1 minute and is not bulb C. So, the From the second condition, we get- In the first 1-
bulb H occupies position 8. minute time, the bulb E was off for exactly 10
seconds. This means that bulb E is in the 6th
Bulbs H
position.
Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Bulbs E H
From the second condition, we get- In the first 1-
Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
minute time, the bulb E was off for exactly 10
seconds. This means that bulb E is in the 6th From 3rd condition we get- Whenever bulb E goes
position. off, bulb A & D also goes off-
Bulbs E H Bulbs A/D D/A E H
Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
From 3rd condition we get- Whenever bulb E goes From 4th condition we get- The bulb which is to the
off, bulb A & D also goes off- immediate left of Bulb A went off exactly 6 times
in the first 1 minute. Thus, bulb A has to occupy the
Bulbs A/D D/A E H
position 2nd and the bulb left to it is in the first
Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 position as it goes off 6 times (9, 18, 27…54)
From 4th condition we get- The bulb which is to the
immediate left of Bulb A went off exactly 6 times
Bulbs A D E F H
in the first 1 minute. Thus, bulb A has to occupy the
position 2nd and the bulb left to it is in the first Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
position as it goes off 6 times (9, 18, 27…54) From the 5th condition we get-Bulb B which was off
Bulbs A D E F H at t = 25 seconds is 2 places to the left of Bulb F.
Thus the final arrangement is as below as B is in the
Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
5th place and F is in the 7th place.
From the 5th condition we get-Bulb B which was off
Bulbs C A D G B E F H
at t = 25 seconds is 2 places to the left of Bulb F.
Thus the final arrangement is as below as B is in the Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
5th place and F is in the 7th place. As seen from the diagram, C & H occupy the
Bulbs C A D G B E F H extreme ends.

Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
 MBA Wallah

9. (b) 10. (c)

From the first condition we get Bulb H is placed 4th From the first condition we get Bulb H is placed 4th
to the right of the bulb which goes off exactly 15 to the right of the bulb which goes off exactly 15
times in the first 1 minute and is not bulb C. So, the times in the first 1 minute and is not bulb C. So, the
bulb H occupies position 8. bulb H occupies position 8.
Bulbs H
Bulbs H
Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
From the second condition, we get- In the first 1-
From the second condition, we get- In the first 1-
minute time, the bulb E was off for exactly 10
minute time, the bulb E was off for exactly 10 seconds. This means that bulb E is in the 6th
seconds. This means that bulb E is in the 6th position.
position.
Bulbs E H
Bulbs E H
Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
From 3rd condition we get- Whenever bulb E goes
From 3rd condition we get- Whenever bulb E goes off, bulb A & D also goes off-
off, bulb A & D also goes off- Bulbs A/D D/A E H
Bulbs A/D D/A E H Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 From 4th condition we get- The bulb which is to the
immediate left of Bulb A went off exactly 6 times
From 4th condition we get- The bulb which is to the
in the first 1 minute. Thus, bulb A has to occupy the
immediate left of Bulb A went off exactly 6 times
position 2nd and the bulb left to it is in the first
in the first 1 minute. Thus, bulb A has to occupy the
position as it goes off 6 times (9, 18, 27…54)
position 2nd and the bulb left to it is in the first
Bulbs A D E F H
position as it goes off 6 times (9, 18, 27…54)
Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Bulbs A D E F H
From the 5th condition we get-Bulb B which was off
Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
at t = 25 seconds is 2 places to the left of Bulb F.
From the 5th condition we get-Bulb B which was off Thus the final arrangement is as below as B is in the
at t = 25 seconds is 2 places to the left of Bulb F. 5th place and F is in the 7th place.
Thus the final arrangement is as below as B is in the Bulbs C A D G B E F H
5th place and F is in the 7th place.
Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Bulbs C A D G B E F H
Bulb B & D will be in off position at t =15 sec as
Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 they occupy the position 5th and 3rd respectively.

When bulb H was off, it was off in t = 8, 16, 24 and

so on. Thus bulbs which are factors of 8 will be in 11. (d)
off position. Position 1 bulb gets switched off in To find the fastest 3 horses out of 25 Harshad needs
every 9 seconds, Thus, only 2nd and 4th bulb will to conduct 7 races of 5 horses each. Below is the
always remain off. Thus, A & G are the answer. reason-
 MBA Wallah

He will conduct 5 races with 5 distinct sets of Let the number of person who choose fastest,
horses. The winners in each of the races are, let’s second fastest and third fastest horse be a, b and c
say- 1H1, 2H1, 3H1, 4H1, 5H1. respectively.
Where mHn is the horse number which came nth (5a + 3b + 2c) × 4000 = 1,44,000
position in mth race ⇒ (5a + 3b + 2c) = 36
The 6th race will be among these 5 winners. a, b, c can assume only the values from set S.
(1H1, 2H1, 3H1, 4H1, 5H1) S = {3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
Let’s say 1H1, 2H1, 3H1 are the winners in the 6th race So,
Now, we know for sure that 1H1 is the fastest. To a=3
determine 2nd & 3rd fastest we need to select the
b=3
following 5 horses as shown in bold
c=6
1H1 2H1 3H 1
So, the horse which came 3rd is H5 (Option c)
1H2 2H2 3H1

1H3 2H1 3H1

13. (d)
So, in total, we need 7 races to find the fastest, 2nd
To find the fastest 3 horses out of 25 Harshad needs
fastest and the 3rd fastest horse.
to conduct 7 races of 5 horses each. Below is the
In each race, Harshad’s cost is (800 × 5 + 1000)
reason-
= 5000 INR
He will conduct 5 races with 5 distinct sets of
In the 7 races Harshad’s expenditure will be horses. The winners in each of the races are, let’s
(5000 × 7) INR = 35000 INR say- 1H1, 2H1, 3H1, 4H1, 5H1.
To find the minimum ticket price so that he does not Where mHn is the horse number which came n th
incur any loss, let’s assume the ticket price is x INR position in m th race
The maximum possible cost will be incurred when The 6th race will be among these 5 winners.
the horse on which most of the people have placed (1H1, 2H1, 3H1, 4H1, 5H1)
their bets won the first position, followed by the Let’s say 1H1, 2H1, 3H1 are the winners in the 6th race
horse which has 2nd highest bets wins the second
Now, we know for sure that 1H1 is the fastest. To
spot and H3 winning the third spot.
determine 2nd & 3rd fastest we need to select the
So, the maximum possible cost in disbursing the following 5 horses as shown in bold
winning prize is (10 × 5 + 9 × 3 + 8 × 2) x
1H1 2H1 3H1
So,
1H2 2H2 3H1
100x – (10 × 5 + 9 × 3 + 8 × 2) x = 35000
1H3 2H1 3H1
x = 5000 INR (Option d)
So, in total, we need 7 races to find the fastest, 2nd
fastest and the 3rd fastest horse.
12. (c) Hence, option d is correct.
If Harshad priced ticket at 4000 INR and earned a
profit of 2,21,000 INR then total expenditure is
14. (b)
(4,00,000 - 2,21,000) = 1,79,000 INR
To find the fastest 3 horses out of 25 Harshad needs
Out of that 35,000 INR is the cost for the races
to conduct 7 races of 5 horses each. Below is the
So, he paid 1,44,000 INR to the winning gamblers reason-
 MBA Wallah

He will conduct 5 races with 5 distinct sets of 15. (a)

horses. The winners in each of the races are, let’s
say- 1H1, 2H1, 3H1, 4H1, 5H1.
Where mHn is the horse number which came nth
position in m th race
The 6th race will be among these 5 winners.
(1H1, 2H1, 3H1, 4H1, 5H1)
Let’s say 1H1, 2H1, 3H1 are the winners in the 6th race
Now, we know for sure that 1H1 is the fastest. To
determine 2nd & 3rd fastest we need to select the
following 5 horses as shown in bold
To find the fastest 3 horses out of 25 Harshad needs
to conduct 7 races of 5 horses each. Below is the
reason-
He will conduct 5 races with 5 distinct sets of
horses. The winners in each of the races are, let’s
say- 1H1, 2H1, 3H1, 4H1, 5H1.
Where mHn is the horse number which came nth
position in m th race
The 6th race will be among these 5 winners. (1H1,
2H1, 3H1, 4H1, 5H1)

1H1 2H1 3H 1 Let’s say 1H1, 2H1, 3H1 are the winners in the 6th
race.
1H2 2H2 3H1
Now, we know for sure that 1H1 is the fastest.
1H3 2H1 3H1

So, in total, we need 7 races to find the fastest, 2nd For each round the cost is (800 × 5) + 1000 = 5000
fastest and the 3rd fastest horse. INR

In each race, Harshad’s cost is (800 × 5 + 1000) Total cost = 5000 INR × 6 = 30,000 INR
= 5000 INR
In the 7 races Harshad’s expenditure will be
(5000 × 7) INR = 35000 INR
If Harshad buys one ticket for H1, then let the
minimum price be y INR to not incur any loss
The maximum possible cost will incur when H1
wins, H2 gets the second spot and H3 gets the third
spot.
100y – (10 × 5 + 9 × 3 + 8 × 2)y + 5y – y = 35000
⇒ 11y = 35000
⇒ y ≈ 3182 INR (Option b)

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