Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations M-25

5
Complex Numbers and
Quadratic Equations
z -i
Integral Powers of lota, Algebraic 6. Let z be a complex number such that =1
Operations of Complex Numbers, z + 2i
TOPIC Ć Conjugate, Modulus and Argument 5
or Amplitude of a Complex Number and z = . Then the value of |z + 3i| is :
2
[Jan. 9, 2020 (I)]
3 + i sin q
1. If , q Î [0, 2p], is a real number, then an argument 7 15
4 - i cos q (a) 10 (b) (c) (d) 2 3
2 4
of sinq + icosq is: [Jan. 7, 2020 (II)]
7. If z be a complex number satisfying |Re(z)| + |Im(z)| = 4,
-1 æ 4 ö -1 æ 3 ö
(a) p - tan çè ÷ø (b) p - tan çè ÷ø then |z| cannot be: [Jan. 9, 2020 (II)]
3 4
17
(a) (b) (c) (d)
-1 æ 3 ö -1 æ
4ö 10 7 8
(c) - tan çè ÷ø
2
(d) tan çè ÷ø
4 3 2z - n
8. Let z Î C with Im(z) = 10 and it satisfies = 2i - 1 for
2. If the four complex numbers z, z , z - 2Re( z ) and 2z + n
z - 2Re( z ) represent the vertices of a square of side some natural number n. Then : [April 12, 2019 (II)]
4 units in the Argand plane, then |z| is equal to : (a) n = 20 and Re(z) = –10
[Sep. 05, 2020 (I)] (b) n = 40 and Re(z) = 10
(a) 4 2 (b) 4 (c) 2 2 (d) 2 (c) n = 40 and Re(z) = –10
30 (d) n = 20 and Re(z) = 10
æ -1 + i 3 ö
3. The value of çç ÷÷ is : [Sep. 05, 2020 (II)] 9. The equation z - i = z - 1 , i = -1 , represents:
è 1- i ø
[April 12, 2019 (I)]
(a) – 215 (b) 215 i (c) – 215 i (d) 65
m/2 n/3
1
æ1+ iö æ1+ iö (a) a circle of radius .
If ç =ç = 1, (m, n Î N ) , then the 2
è 1 - i ÷ø è i - 1÷ø
4.
(b) the line through the origin with slope 1.
greatest common divisor of the least values of m and n is (c) a circle of radius 1.
_________. [Sep. 03, 2020 (I)]
(d) the line through the origin with slope – 1.
5. If z1, z2 are complex numbers such that Re(z1) = |z1 – 1|,
(1 + i )2 2
p 10. If a > 0 and = , has magnitude , then is
Re(z2) = |z2 – 1| and arg( z1 - z2 ) = , then Im( z1 + z2 ) is a -i 5
6
equal to : [April 10, 2019 (I)]
equal to : [Sep. 03, 2020 (II)]
1 3 3 1
2 3 1 (a) - - i (b) - - i
(a) (b) 2 3 (c) (d) 5 5 5 5
3 2 3
1 3 1 3
(c) - i (d) - + i
5 5 5 5

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 EBD_8344
M-26 Mathematics

11. If z and w are two complex numbers such that zw = 1 and 1 + (1 – 8a) z
18. The set of all a Î R, for which w = is a purely
1– z
p
arg(z) – arg(w) =
2
, then: [April 10, 2019 (II)] imaginary number, for all z Î C satisfying |z| = 1 and
Re z ¹ 1, is [Online April 15, 2018]
-1 + i (a) {0} (b) an empty set
(a) zw = i (b) z w =
2
ì 1 1ü
(c) í0, , – ý (d) equal to R
1- i î 4 4þ
(c) zw = -i (d) z w =
2
2 + 3isin q
5 + 3z 19. A value ofqfor which is purely imaginary, is:
1 - 2isin q
12. Let z Î C be such that |z| < 1. If w = 5(1 - z ) , then :
[2016]
[April 09, 2019 (II)]
-1 æ 3 ö -1 æ 1 ö
(a) 5 Re (w) > 4 (b) 4 Im (w) > 5 (a) sin çç 4 ÷÷ (b) sin ç ÷
(c) 5 Re (w) > 1 (d) 5 Im (w) < 1 è ø è 3ø

z -a p p
13. If (a Î R ) is a purely imaginary number and | | = 2, (c) (d)
z +a 3 6
then a value of a is : [Jan. 12, 2019 (I)] 20. If is a non-real complex number, then the minimum
1 lmz 5
(a) 2 (b) 1 (d) 2
(c) value of is : [Online April 11, 2015]
2 (lmz )5
14. Let 1 and 2 be two complex numbers satisfying | 1| = 9
(a) –1 (b) –4 (c) –2 (d) –5
and | 2 | – |3|–|4i||=|4. Then the minimum value of
| 1 – 2| is : [Jan. 12, 2019 (II)] 21. If z is a complex number such that z ³ 2, then the minimum
(a) 0 (b) 2 (c) 1 (d) 2
1
value of z + : [2014]
15. Let be a complex number such that + =3+i 2

( where i = -1 . ) (a) is strictly greater than

5
2
Then | | is equal to : [Jan. 11, 2019 (II)]
3 5
34 5 41 5 (b) is strictly greater than but less than
(a) (b) (c) (d) 2 2
3 3 4 4
Let 1 and 5
16. 2 be any two non- ero complex numbers such (c) is equal to
2
3 2
that 3 | = 1
+ 2 (d) lie in the interval (1, 2)
1 | = 4 | 2 |. If 2 3 then:
2 1 22. For all complex numbers of the form 1 + ia, a Î R , if
[Jan. 10 2019 (II)] 2 = x + iy, then [Online April 19, 2014]
(a) y2 – 4x + 2 = 0 (b) y2 + 4x – 4 = 0
5
(a) Re( ) = 0 (b) | | = (c) y2 – 4x – 4 = 0 (d) y2 + 4x + 2 = 0
2
-i
1 17 23. Let ¹ – i be any complex number such that is a
(c) | | = (d) Im( ) = 0 +i
2 2 purely imaginary number.
ì æ p ö 3 + 2isin q ü +
1
17. Let A= íqÎ ç - , p ÷ : is purely imaginary ý . Then is: [Online April 12, 2014]
î è 2 ø 1 - 2isin q þ
(a) ero
Then the sum of the elements in A is: [Jan. 9 2019 (I)]
(b) any non- ero real number other than 1.
5p 3p 2p (c) any non- ero real number.
(a) (b) p (c) (d)
6 4 3 (d) a purely imaginary number.

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Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations M-27

24. If 1, 2 and 3, 4 are 2 pairs of complex conugate numbers, 2 2

then
30. z1 + z2 + z1 - z2 is equal to [Online May 26, 2012]

æ ö æ ö
arg ç 1 ÷ + arg ç 2 ÷ equals: [Online April 11, 2014]
(a) 2 ( z1 + z2 ) (
(b) 2 z1 + z2
2 2
)
è 4ø è 3ø 2 2
(c) z1 z2 (d) z1 + z2
p 3p 31. Let Z and W be complex numbers such that |Z| = |W|, and
(a) 0 (b) (c) (d) p
2 2 arg Z denotes the principal argument of Z.
25. Let w (Im w ¹ 0) be a complex number. Then the set of all [Online May 19, 2012]
complex number satisfying the equation Statement 1:If arg Z + arg W = p, then Z = -W .
w - w = k (1 - ) , for some real number k, is Statement 2: |Z| = |W|, implies arg Z – arg W = p.
(a) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is false.
[Online April 9, 2014] (b) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, Statement 2 is
(a) { : = 1} (b) { : = } a correct explanation for Statement 1.
(c) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, Statement 2 is
(c) { : ¹ 1} (d) { : = 1, ¹ 1}
not a correct explanation for Statement 1.
(d) Statement 1 is false, Statement 2 is true.
26. If z is a complex n umber of unit modulus and 32. Let Z1 and Z2 be any two complex number.
æ 1+ z ö Statement 1: Z1 - Z 2 ³ Z1 - Z 2
argument q, then arg ç
è 1 + z ÷ø
equals: [2013]
Statement 2: Z1 + Z 2 £ Z1 + Z 2 [Online May 7, 2012]
p (a) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, Statement 2 is
(a) –q (b) –q (c) q (d) p – q a correct explanation of Statement 1.
2 (b) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, Statement 2 is
27. Let z satisfy| z | = 1 and = 1– z . not a correct explanation of Statement 1.
(c) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is false.
Statement 1 : z is a real number. (d) Statement 1 is false, Statement 2 is true.
p 33. The number of complex numbers such that
Statement 2 : Principal argument of is |z – 1| = |z + 1| = |z – i| equals [2010]
3
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) ¥ (d) 0
[Online April 25, 2013]
1
(a) Statement 1 is true Statement 2 is true; Statement 2 is 34. The conugate of a complex number is then that
a correct explanation for Statement 1. i –1
(b) Statement 1 is false; Statement 2 is true complex number is [2008]
(c) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is false. –1 1 –1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(d) Statement 1 is true; Statement 2 is true; Statement 2 is i –1 i +1 i +1 i –1
not a correct explanation for Statement 1. 1
æx yö
If z = x - i y and z 3 = p + iq, then çè p + q ø÷ ( p + q )
2 2
35.
æ 1+ z 2 ö
28. Let a = Im ç ÷ , where z is any non- ero complex
ç 2iz ÷ is equal to [2004]
è ø (a) –2 (b) –1 (c) 2 (d) 1
number. [Online April 23, 2013] 36. Let and w be complex numbers such that z + i w = 0
The set A = {a : | z | = 1 and z ¹ ±1 } is equal to: and arg zw = p. Then arg equals [2004]
(a) (– 1, 1) (b) [– 1, 1] (c) [0, 1) (d) (– 1, 0] 5p p 3p p
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Z2 4 2 4 4
29. If Z1 ¹ 0 and Z2 be two complex numbers such that
Z1 æ1+ i ö
x
37. If ç ÷ = 1 then [2003]
è1- i ø
2Z1 + 3Z 2
is a purely imaginary number, then 2Z - 3Z is equal to: (a) x = 2n + 1 , where n is any positive integer
1 2 (b) x = 4n , where n is any positive integer
[Online April 9, 2013] (c) x = 2n , where n is any positive integer
(a) 2 (b) 5 (c) 3 (d) 1 (d) x = 4n + 1 , where n is any positive integer..

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 EBD_8344
M-28 Mathematics

38. If z and w are two non- ero complex numbers such that
æ z -1 ö
p 46. If Re çè ÷ = 1, where z = x + iy, then the point (x, y) lies
zw = 1 and Arg ( z ) - Arg (w ) = , then zw is equal to 2z + i ø
2 on a: [Jan. 7, 2020 (I)]
[2003]
(a) – 1 (b) 1 (c) – i (d) i æ 1 3ö
(a) circle whose centre is at èç - , - ÷ø .
39. If | – 4 | < | – 2 |, its solution is given by [2002] 2 2
(a) Re(z) > 0 (b) Re(z) < 0
2
(c) Re(z) > 3 (d) Re(z) > 2 (b) straight line whose slope is - .
40. z and w are two non ero complex numbers such that 3
| z | = | w| and Arg + Arg w = p then equals [2002] 3
(a) w (b) – w (c) w (d) – w (c) straight line whose slope is
2
.

Rotational Theorem, Square Root 5

of a Complex Number, Cube Roots (d) circle whose diameter is .
2
TOPIC n of Unity, Geometry of Complex
Numbers, De-moiver’s Theorem,
Powers of Complex Numbers 47. If z = 3 + i ( i = -1 ) , then (1 + iz + z5 + iz8)9 is equal
2 2
41. Let z = x + iy be a non- ero complex number such that to: [April 08, 2019 (II)]
(a) 0 (b) 1
z2 = i |z|2, where i = -1 , then z lies on the:
(c) (– 1 + 2i)9 (d) – 1
[Sep. 06, 2020 (II)]
(a) line, y = –x (b) imaginary axis 3
x + iy
(c) line, y = x (d) real axis 48.
æ
è
1 ö
Let ç -2 - i ÷ =
3 ø 27
( )
i = -1 , where x and y are real
42. If a and b are real numbers such that (2 + a ) = a + ba ,
4
numbers then y – x equals : [Jan. 11, 2019 (I)]
(a) 91 (b) – 85 (c) 85 (d) – 91
-1 + i 3
where a = , then a + b is equal to : 5 5
2 æ 3 iö æ 3 iö
[Sep. 04, 2020 (II)] 49. Let z = çç + ÷÷ + çç - ÷÷ . If R(z) and I(z)
(a) 9 (b) 24 (c) 33 (d) 57 è 2 2ø è 2 2ø
respectively denote the real and imaginary parts of z,
3
æ 2p 2p ö then: [Jan. 10, 2019 (II)]
1 + sin + i cos
ç 9 9 ÷ is : (a) I(z) = 0 (b) R(z) > 0 and I(z) > 0
43. The value of ç
2p 2p ÷ (c) R(z) < 0 and I(z) > 0 (d) R(z) = – (c)
ç 1 + sin - i cos ÷
è 9 9 ø n
æ1+ i 3 ö
[Sep. 02, 2020 (I)] 50. The least positive integer n for which çç ÷÷ = 1, is
è1 – i 3 ø
1 1
(a) (1 - i 3) (b) ( 3 - i) [Online April 16, 2018]
2 2
(a) 2 (b) 6 (c) 5 (d) 3
1 1 51. The point represented by 2 + i in the Argand plane moves
(c) - ( 3 - i ) (d) - (1 - i 3)
2 2 1 unit eastwards, then 2 units northwards and finally from
44. The imaginary part of (3 + 2 -54)1/ 2 - (3 - 2 -54)1/ 2 there 2 2 units in the south–westwards direction. Then
its new position in the Argand plane is at the point
can be : [Sep. 02, 2020 (II)]
represented by : [Online April 9, 2016]
(a) - 6 (b) -2 6 (c) 6 (d) 6 (a) 1 + i (b) 2 + 2i (c) –2 – 2i (d) –1 – i
100 100 52. A complex number is said to be unimodular if | | = 1.
-1 + i 3
. If a = (1 + a) å a and b = å a ,
2k 3k
45. Let a =
2 k =0 k =0 1 -2 2
Suppose 1 and 2 are complex numbers such that 2- 1
then a and b are the roots of the quadratic equation: 2

[Jan. 8, 2020 (II)] is unimodular and 2 is not unimodular. Then the point 1
(a) x2 + 101x + 100 = 0 (b) x2 – 102 x + 101 = 0 lies on a: [2015]
(c) x2 – 101x + 100 = 0 (d) x2 + 102x +101 = 0

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Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations M-29

(a) circle of radius 2.

Solutions of Quadratic Equations,
(b) circle of radius 2.
Sum and Product of Roots, Nature
(c) straight line parallel to x-axis TOPIC Đ of Roots, Relation Between Roots
(d) straight line parallel to y-axis. and Co-efficients, Formation of an
2 Equation with Given Roots.
53. If z ¹ 1 and z is real, then the point represented by the
z -1 61. If a and b be two roots of the equation x2 – 64x + 256 = 0.
complex number z lies : [2012]
(a) either on the real axis or on a circle passing through 1 1
the origin. æ a 3 ö 8 æ b3 ö 8
Then the value of ç ÷ + ç ÷ is: [Sep. 06, 2020 (I)]
(b) on a circle with centre at the origin è b5 ø è a5 ø
(c) either on the real axis or on a circle not passing through
the origin. (a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 1 (d) 4
(d) on the imaginary axis. 62. If a and b are the roots of the equation 2x(2x + 1) = 1, then
b is equal to: [Sep. 06, 2020 (II)]
54. If w( ¹ 1) is a cube root of unity, and (1 + w )7 = A + Bw. (a) 2a(a + 1) (b) –2a(a + 1)
Then (A, B) equals [2011] (c) 2a(a – 1) (d) 2a2
(a) (1, 1) (b) (1, 0) (c) (–1, 1) (d) (0, 1) 63. The product of the roots of the equation 9x2 – 18| x | + 5 = 0,
55. If | z + 4 | £ 3, then th e maximum value of is : [Sep. 05, 2020 (I)]
| z + 1 | is [2007] 5 25 5 25
(a) 6 (b) 0 (c) 4 (d) 10 (a) (b) (c) (d)
9 81 27 9
z If a and b are the roots of the equation, 7 x 2 - 3 x - 2 = 0,
56. If w = and | w | = 1, then lies on [2005] 64.
1
z- i a b
3 the the value of + is equal to :
(a) an ellipse (b) a circle 1- a 2
1 - b2
(c) a straight line (d) a parabola [Sep. 05, 2020 (II)]
57. If z1 and z2 are two non- ero complex numbers such that 27 1 3 27
(a) (b) (c) (d)
| z1 + z2 | = | z1 | + | z2 | , then arg z1 – arg z2 is equal to 32 24 8 16
[2005] 2z + i
65. Let u = , z = x + iy and k > 0. If the curve
p -p z - ki
(a) (b) – p (c) 0 (d)
2 2 represented by Re(u) + Im(u) = 1 intersects the y-axis at the
points P and Q where PQ = 5, then the value of k is :
58. If the cube roots of unity are 1, w , w 2 then the roots of [Sep. 04, 2020 (I)]
the equation ( x –1)3 + 8 = 0, are [2005] (a) 3/2 (b) 1/2 (c) 4 (d) 2
66. Let l ¹ 0 be in R. If a and b are roots of the equation,
(a) –1, –1 + 2 w , – 1 – 2 w2
(b) –1, – 1, – 1 x 2 - x + 2l = 0 and a and g are the roots of the equation,
bg
(c) – 1, 1 – 2 w , 1 – 2 w2 3 x 2 - 10 x + 27 l = 0, then is equal to :
l
(d) – 1, 1 + 2 w , 1 + 2 w
2
[Sep. 04, 2020 (II)]
59. If | z 2 - 1|=| z |2 +1, then lies on [2004] (a) 27 (b) 18 (c) 9 (d) 36
67. If a and b are the roots of the equation x2 + px + 2 = 0 and
(a) an ellipse (b) the imaginary axis
(c) a circle (d) the real axis 1 1
and are the roots of the equation 2x2 + 2qx + 1 = 0,
60. The locus of the centre of a circle which touches the circle a b
| z – z1 | = a and | – 2 | = b externally (z, z1 & z2 are complex
numbers) will be [2002] æ 1 öæ 1 öæ 1 öæ 1ö
then ç a - ÷ ç b - ÷ ç a + ÷ ç b + ÷ is equal to :
(a) an ellipse (b) a hyperbola è a øè b øè b øè aø
(c) a circle (d) none of these [Sep. 03, 2020 (I)]

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 EBD_8344
M-30 Mathematics

9 9 77. Let p, q Î R. If 2 – 3 is a root of the quadratic equation,

(a) (9 + q 2 ) (b) (9 - q 2 )
4 4 x2 + px + q = 0, then: [April 9, 2019 (I)]
9 9 (a) p2 – 4q + 12 = 0 (b) q2 – 4p – 16 = 0
(c) (9 + p 2 ) (d) (9 - p 2 ) (c) q2 + 4p + 14 = 0 (d) p2 – 4q – 12 = 0
4 4
78. If m is chosen in the quadratic equation
68. The set of all real values of l for which the quadratic
(m2 + 1) x2 – 3x + (m2 + 1)2 = 0
equations, (l 2 + 1) x 2 - 4lx + 2 = 0 always have exactly such that the sum of its roots is greatest, then the absolute
one root in the interval (0, 1) is : [Sep. 03, 2020 (II)] difference of the cubes of its roots is: [April 09, 2019 (II)]
(a) (0, 2) (b) (2, 4] (c) (1, 3] (d) (–3, –1)
(a) 10 5 (b) 8 3 (c) 8 5 (d) 4 3
69. Let a and b be the roots of the equation, 5 x 2 + 6 x - 2 = 0. 79. The sum of the solutions of the equation
If Sn = an + bn , n = 1, 2,3, ..., then : [Sep. 02, 2020 (I)]
x -2 + x ( )
x - 4 + 2 = 0, (x > 0) is equal to:
(a) 6S6 + 5S5 = 2S4 (b) 6S6 + 5S5 + 2S4 = 0
[April 8, 2019 (I)]
(c) 5S6 + 6S5 = 2S4 (d) 5S6 + 6S5 + 2S4 = 0 (a) 9 (b) 12 (c) 4 (d) 10
70. The number of real roots of the equation, 80. If a and b be the roots of the equation x2 – 2x + 2 = 0, then
e4x + e3x – 4e2x + ex + 1 = 0 is: [Jan. 9, 2020 (I)]
n
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 2 (d) 4 æaö
the least value of n for which ç ÷ = 1 is :
71. The least positive value of ‘a’ for which the equation, èbø
33 [April 8, 2019 (I)]
2x2 + (a – 10)x + = 2a has real roots is _______.
2 (a) 2 (b) 5 (c) 4 (d) 3
[Jan. 8, 2020 (I)] 81. If l be the ratio of the roots of the quadratic equation in x,
72. If the equation, x2 + bx + 45 = 0 (b Î R) has conugate 3m2x2 + m(m – 4)x + 2 = 0, then the least value of m for
complex roots and they satisfy |z + l| = 2 10 , then: 1
[Jan. 8, 2020 (I)] which l + = 1, is : [Jan. 12, 2019 (I)]
l
(a) b2 – b = 30 (b) b2 + b = 72
(c) b2–b = 42 (d) b2 + b = 12 (a) 2 - 3 (b) 4 - 3 2
73. Let a and b be the roots of the equation x2 – x – l = 0. If
pk = (a)k + (b)k, k ³ l, then which one of the following (c) –2 + 2 (d) 4 - 2 3
statements is not true ? [Jan. 7, 2020 (II)] 82. If one real root of the quadratic equation 81x2 + kx + 256 = 0
(a) p3 = p5 – p4 is cube of the other root, then a value of k is :
(b) P5 = 11 [Jan. 11, 2019 (I)]
(c) (p1 + p2 + p3 + p4 + p5) = 26 (a) –81 (b) 100 (c) 144 (d) – 300
(d) p5 = p2 × p3 83. Consider the quadratic equation (c – 5)x2 – 2cx + (c – 4) = 0,
74. Let a and b be two real roots of the equation (k +1) tan2x
c ¹ 5. Let S be the set of all integral values of c for which
– 2 . ltan x = (1 – k), where k(¹ –1) and l are real numbers. one root of the equation lies in the interval (0, 2) and its
If tan2(a + b) = 50, then a value of l is: [Jan. 7, 2020 (I)] other root lies in the interval (2, 3). Then the number of
(a) 10 2 (b) 10 (c) 5 (d) 5 2 elements in S is: [Jan. 10, 2019 (I)]
75. If a and b are the roots of the quadratic equation, x2 + x sin q (a) 18 (b) 12 (c) 10 (d) 11
84. The value of l such that sum of the squares of the roots
æ pö a12 + b12 of the quadratic equation, x2 + (3 – l)x + 2 = l has the
– 2sinq = 0 0, qÎ ç 0, ÷ , then is
è 2ø (a -12 + b-12 )(a - b)24 least value is: [Jan. 10, 2019 (II)]
equal to : [April 10, 2019 (I)] 15 4
(a) (b) 1 (c) (d) 2
212
212 8 9
(a)
(sin q - 4)12
(b)
(sin q + 8)12 85. Let a and b be two roots of the equation x2 + 2x + 2 = 0, then
a15 + b15 is equal to: [Jan. 9, 2019 (I)]
212 26 (a) – 256 (b) 512 (c) – 512 (d) 256
(c)
(sin q - 8) 6 (d)
(sin q + 8)12 86. The number of all possible positive integral values of a
for which the roots of the quadratic equation,
76. The number of real roots of the equation
6x2 – 11x + a = 0 are rational numbers is:
5 + 2 x - 1 = 2 x (2 x - 2) is: [April 10, 2019 (II)] [Jan. 09, 2019 (II)]
(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 5
(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 1

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Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations M-31

87. If both the roots of the quadratic equation x2 – mx + 4 = 0 (a) p(b) = 11 (b) p(b) = 19
are real and distinct and they lie in the interval [1, 5], (c) p(–2) = 19 (d) p(–2) = 11
then m lies in the interval: [Jan. 09, 2019 (II)] 97. The sum of all real values of x satisfying the equation
(a) (– 5, – 4) (b) (4, 5) 2
(c) (5, 6) (d) (3, 4) (x 2 - 5x + 5) x + 4x -60 = 1 is : [2016]
88. Let z0 be a root of the quadratic equation, (a) 6 (b) 5 (c) 3 (d) – 4
x2 + x + 1 = 0. If z = 3 + 6i z081 – 3i z093, then arg z is 98. If x is a solution of the equation,
equal to: [Jan. 09, 2019 (II)]
æ 1ö
p p p 2x + 1 - 2x - 1 = 1, ç x ³ ÷ , then
(a) (b) (c) (d) 0 è 2ø 4x 2 - 1 is equal
4 6 3 to : [Online April 10, 2016]
89. Let p, q and r be real numbers (p ¹ q, r ¹ 0), such that the
3 1
1 1 1 (a) (b) (c) 2 2 (d) 2
roots of the equation + = are equal in 4 2
x+ p x+q r 99. Let a and b be the roots of equation x2 – 6x – 2 = 0. If an =
magnitude but opposite in sign, then the sum of squares
a10 - 2a 8
of these roots is equal to. [Online April 16, 2018] an – bn, for n ³ 1, then the value of 2a 9 is equal to:
(a) p2 + q2 + r2 (b) p2 + q2
[2015]
p2 + q2 (a) 3 (b) – 3 (c) 6 (d) – 6
(c) 2 (p2 + q2) (d)
2 100. If the two roots of the equation, (a – 1)(x4 + x2 + 1) +
90. If an angle A of a D ABC satisfies 5 cos A + 3 = 0, then the (a + 1)(x2 + x + 1)2 = 0 are real and distinct, then the set
roots of the quadratic equation, 9x2 + 27x + 20 = 0 are. of all values of ‘a’ is : [Online April 11, 2015]
[Online April 16, 2018]
æ 1ö æ 1 ö æ 1ö
(a) sin A, sec A (b) sec A, tan A (a) ç 0, ÷ (b) ç - , 0 ÷ È ç 0, ÷
(c) tan A, cos A (d) sec A, cot A è 2ø è 2 ø è 2ø
91. If tan A and tan B are the roots of the quadratic equation,
æ 1 ö
3x2 – 10x – 25 = 0 then the value of (c) ç - , 0 ÷ (d) (– ¥, –2) È (2, ¥)
3 sin2 (A + B) – 10 sin (A + B). cos (A + B) – 25 cos2 (A + B) è 2 ø
is [Online April 15, 2018] 101. If 2 + 3i is one of the roots of the equation 2x3 – 9x2 + kx – 13
(a) 25 (b) – 25 (c) – 10 (d) 10 = 0, k Î R, then the real root of this equation :
92. If f (x) is a quadratic expression such that f (a) + f (b) = 0, [Online April 10, 2015]
and – 1 is a root of f (x) = 0, then the other root of f (x) = 0 1
is [Online April 15, 2018] (a) exists and is equal to – .
2
5 8 5 8
(a) - (b) - (c) (d) 1
8 5 8 5 (b) exists and is equal to .
2
93. If a, b Î C are the distinct roots, of the equation (c) exists and is equal to 1.
x 2 - x + 1 = 0 , then a101 + b107 is equal to : [2018] (d) does not exist.
102. If a Î R and the equation
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) – 1
- 3 ( x - [ x ]) + 2 ( x - [ x ]) + a 2 = 0
94. If, for a positive integer n, the quadratic equation, 2

x(x + 1) + (x + 1) (x + 2) + ..... + (x + n - 1 ) (x + n) = 10n (where [x] denotes the greatest integer £ x ) has no integral
has two consecutive integral solutions, then n is equal to: solution, then all possible values of a lie in the interval:
[2017] [2014]
(a) 11 (b) 12 (c) 9 (d) 10
95. The sum of all the real values of x satisfying the equation (a) ( -2, -1) (b) ( -¥, -2 ) È ( 2, ¥ )

2
( )
( x -1) x 2 +5x -50
= 1 is : [Online April 9, 2017]
(c) ( -1, 0 ) È ( 0,1) (d) (1, 2 )
(a) 16 (b) 14 (c) – 4 (d) – 5 103. The equation 3x 2 + x + 5 = x - 3 , where x is real, has;
96. Let p(x) be a quadratic polynomial such that p(0)=1. If p(x)
[Online April 19, 2014]
leaves remainder 4 when divided by x–1 and it leaves
(a) no solution (b) exactly one solution
remainder 6 when divided by x+1; then :
(c) exactly two solution (d) exactly four solution
[Online April 8, 2017]

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 EBD_8344
M-32 Mathematics

104. The sum of the roots of the equation, 112. The value of k for which the equation
x2 + |2x – 3| – 4 = 0, is: [Online April 12, 2014] (k – 2)x2 + 8x + k + 4 = 0 has both roots real, distinct and
(a) 2 (b) – 2 (c) (d) - 2 negative is [Online May 7, 2012]
2
(a) 6 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 1
105. If a and b are roots of the equation,
113. Let for a ¹ a1 ¹ 0,
x 2 - 4 2 kx + 2e 4 lnk - 1 = 0 for some k, and
a2 + b2 = 66, then a3 + b3 is equal to: f ( x ) = ax 2 + bx + c, g ( x) = a1 x 2 + b1 x + c1an = -

+ c1and p ( x ) = f ( x ) - g ( x ) .
[Online April 11, 2014]
= + + ( )= + 1
(a) 248 2 (b) 280 2 (c) -32 2 (d) -280 2
If p ( x ) = 0 only for x = -1 and p (– 2) = 2, then the value
1 1
106. If and are the roots of the equation, of p (b) is : [2011 RS]
a b (a) 3 (b) 9 (c) 6 (d) 18
ax2 + bx + 1 = 0 (a ¹ 0, a, b, Î R), then the equation, 114. Sachin and Rahul attempted to solve a quadratic equation.
Sachin made a mistake in writing down the constant term
( ) (
x x + b3 + a 3 - 3abx = 0 as roots : ) and ended up in roots (4,3). Rahul made a mistake in writing
down coefficient of x to get roots (3,2). The correct roots
[Online April 9, 2014] of equation are : [2011 RS]
3 3 1 1 (a) 6, 1 (b) 4, 3 (c) – 6, – 1 (d) – 4, – 3
(a) a 2 and b 2 (b) ab 2 and a 2b
115. Let a, b be real and z be a complex number. If
3 3 z2 + az + b = 0 has two distinct roots on the line Re z =1,
(c) ab and ab (d) - and b- 2 then it is necessary that : [2011]
a 2

107. If p an d q are non- ero real numbers and (a) b Î (-1, 0) (b) b = 1

a3 + b3 = - p, ab = q, then a quadratic equation whose (c) b Î (1, ¥) (d) b Î (0,1)

116. If a and b are the roots of the equation
a 2 b2 x2 – x + 1 = 0, then a2009 + b2009 = [2010]
roots are , is : [Online April 25, 2013]
b a (a) –1 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) –2
(a) px2 – qx + p2 = 0 (b) qx2 + px + q2 = 0 117. If the roots of the equation bx2 + cx + a = 0 be imaginary,
(c) px2 + qx + p2 = 0 (d) qx2 – px + q2 = 0 then for all real values of x, the expression 3b2x2 + 6bcx +
2c2 is : [2009]
3p (a) less than 4ab (b) greater than – 4ab
108. If a and b are roots of the equation x 2 + px + = 0,
4 (c) 1ess than – 4ab (d) greater than 4ab
118. If the difference between the roots of the equation
such that | a - b |= 10, then p belongs to the set :
[Online April 22, 2013] x2 + ax + 1 = 0 is less than 5 , then the set of possible
(a) {2, – 5} (b) {– 3, 2} (c) {– 2, 5} (d) {3, – 5} values of a is [2007]
109. If a complex number z statisfies the equation (a) (3, ¥) (b) (- ¥, - 3) (c) (– 3, 3) (d) (-3, ¥)
z + 2 | z + 1| +i = 0 , then | z | is equal to : 119. All the values of m for which both roots of the equation
[Online April 22, 2013] x 2 - 2mx + m 2 - 1 = 0 are greater than – 2 but less than 4,
lie in the interval [2006]
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 1
(a) -2 < m < 0 (b) m > 3
110. Let p, q, r Î R and r > p > 0. If the quadratic equation
px2 + qx + r = 0 has two complex roots a and b, then |a| + (c) -1 < m < 3 (d) 1 < m < 4
|b| is [Online May 19, 2012] 120. If the roots of the quadratic equation
(a) equal to1 x 2 + px + q = 0 are tan30 and tan15 ,
(b) less than 2 but not equal to 1
respectively, then the value of 2 + q – p is [2006]
(c) greater than 2 (a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 0 (d) 1
(d) equal to 2
111. If the sum of the square of the roots of the equation 121. If z 2 + z + 1 = 0 , where is complex number, then the value
x2 – (sina – 2) x – (1 + sina) = 0 is least, then a is equal to 2
æ 2 1ö
2
æ 3 1ö
2 2
æ 1ö
[Online May 12, 2012] of çè z + ÷ø + çè z + 2 ÷ø + çè z + 3 ÷ø + ......... + æç z 6 + 1ö
÷ is
z z z è z6 ø
p p p p [2006]
(a) (b) (c) (d) (a) 18 (b) 54 (c) 6 (d) 12
6 4 3 2

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Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations M-33

131. Difference between the corresponding roots of x2+ax+b=0

p æ Pö
122. In a triangle PQR, Ð R = . If tan ç ÷ and and x2+bx+a=0 is same and a ¹ b, then [2002]
2 è 2ø
(a) a + b + 4 = 0 (b) a + b – 4 = 0
æ Qö (c) a – b – 4 = 0 (d) a – b + 4 = 0
– tan ç ÷ are the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0, a ¹ 0 then 132. If a ¹ b but a2 = 5a – 3 and b2 = 5b – 3 then the equation
è 2ø
having a/b and b/a as its roots is [2002]
[2005] (a) 3x2 – 19x + 3 = 0 (b) 3x2 + 19x – 3 = 0
(a) a = b + c (b) c = a + b (c) 3x2 – 19x – 3 = 0 (d) x2 – 5x + 3 = 0.
(c) b = c (d) b = a + c
123. If the roots of the equation x 2 – bx + c = 0 be two Condition for Common Roots,
Maximum and Minimum value of
consecutive integers, then b 2 – 4c equals [2005] TOPIC Ė Quadratic Equation, Quadratic
(a) – 2 (b) 3 (c) 2 (d) 1 Expression in two Variables,
Solution of Quadratic Inequalities.
124. If one root of the equation x 2 + px + 12 = 0 is 4, while the
133. If 5, 5r, 5r2 are the lengths of the sides of a triangle, then r
equation x 2 + px + q = 0 has equal roots , then the value cannot be equal to: [Jan. 10, 2019 (I)]
of ‘q’ is [2004] 3 5 7 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
49 4 4 4 2
(a) 4 (b) 12 (c) 3 (d)
4 134. Let a, b Î R, a ¹ 0 be such that the equation,
ax2 – 2bx + 5 = 0 has a repeated root a, which is also a root
125. If (1 - p) is a root of quadratic equation
of the equation, x2 – 2bx – 10 = 0. If b is the other root of
x 2 + px + (1 - p) = 0 then its root are [2004] this equation, then a2 + b2 is equal to :[Jan. 9, 2020 (II)]
(a) 25 (b) 26 (c) 28 (d) 24
(a) –1, 2 (b) –1, 1 (c) 0, –1 (d) 0, 1
135. If lÎ R is such that the sum of the cubes of the roots of the
126. The number of real solutions of the equation
equation, x2 + (2 – l) x + (10 – l) = 0 is minimum, then the
x 2 - 3 x + 2 = 0 is [2003] magnitude of the difference of the roots of this equation is
(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 1 [Online April 15, 2018]
127. The value of 'a' for which one root of the quadratic equation (a) 20 (b) 2 5 (c) 2 7 (d) 4 2
2 2 136. If | z – 3 + 2i | £ 4 then the difference between the greatest
(a - 5a + 3) x + (3a - 1) x + 2 = 0 is twice as large as the
value and the least value of | z | is [Online April 15, 2018]
other is [2003]
(a) 13 (b) 2 13 (c) 8 (d) 4 + 13
1 2 2 1
(a) - (b) (c) - (d) 137. If the equations x2 + bx – 1 = 0 and x2 + x + b = 0 have a
3 3 3 3
common root different from –1, then |b| is equal to :
128. Let Z1 and Z 2 be two roots of the equation [Online April 9, 2016]
Z 2 + aZ + b = 0 , Z being complex. Further , assume that (a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 3 (d) 2
the origin, Z1 and Z 2 form an equilateral triangle. Then 138. If non- ero real numbers b and c are such that
min f(x) > max g(x), where f(x) = x2 + 2bx + 2c2 and
[2003]
g(x) = – x2 – 2cx + b2 (x Î R);
(a) a 2 = 4b (b) a 2 = b
c
(c) a 2 = 2b (d) a 2 = 3b then lies in the interval: [Online April 19, 2014]
b
129. If p and q are the roots of the equation
x2 + px + q = 0, then [2002] æ 1ö é1 1 ö
(a) ç 0, ÷ (b) ê , ÷
(a) p = 1, q = –2 (b) p = 0, q = 1 è 2ø ë2 2 ø
(c) p = –2, q = 0 (d) p = – 2, q = 1
é 1 ù
130. Product of real roots of the equation
t2 x2 + | x | + 9 = 0 [2002]
(c) ê 2ú
ë 2, û
(d) ( 2, ¥ )
(a) is always positive (b) is always negative
(c) does not exist (d) none of these

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 EBD_8344
M-34 Mathematics

139. If equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 ( a, b, c Î R, a ¹ 0 ) and 144. The quadratic equations x 2 – 6x + a = 0 and

x2 – cx + 6 = 0 have one root in common. The other roots
2x2 + 3x + 4 = 0 have a common root, then a : b : c equals:
of the first and second equations are integers in the ratio
[Online April 9, 2014]
4 : 3. Then the common root is [2009]
(a) 1 : 2 : 3 (b) 2 : 3 : 4 (c) 4 : 3 : 2 (d) 3 : 2 : 1
140. If the equations x2 + 2x + 3 = 0 and ax2 + bx + c = 0, (a) 1 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 2
a,b,c Î R, have a common root, then a : b : c is [2013]
3x 2 + 9 x + 17
(a) 1 : 2 : 3 (b) 3 : 2 : 1 (c) 1 : 3 : 2 (d) 3 : 1 : 2 145. If x is real, the maximum value of is [2006]
3x 2 + 9 x + 7
x-5
141. The least integral value a of x such that >0,
x 2 + 5x - 14 (a)
1
(b) 41 (c) 1 (d)
17
satisfies : [Online April 23, 2013] 4 7
(a) a2 + 3a – 4 = 0 (b) a2 – 5a + 4 = 0 2 2
(c) a2 – 7a + 6 = 0 (d) a2 + 5a – 6 = 0 146. If both the roots of the quadratic equation x - 2 kx + k
142. The values of ‘a’ for which one root of the equation + k – 5 = 0 are less than 5, then k lies in the interval
x2 – (a + 1 ) x + a2 + a – 8 = 0 exceeds 2 and the other is [2005]
lesser than 2, are given by : [Online April 9, 2013] (a) (5, 6] (b) (6, ¥ ) (c) (– ¥ , 4) (d) [4, 5]
(a) 3 < a < 10 (b) a ³ 10 147. The value of a for which the sum of the squares of the
(c) -2 < a < 3 (d) a £ -2 roots of the equation x2 – (a – 2) x – a – 1 = 0 assume the
least value is [2005]
4 (a) 1 (b) 0 (c) 3 (d) 2
143. If z - = 2 , then the maximum value of | | is equal to :
z
[2009]
(a) 5 + 1 (b) 2 (c) 2 + 2 (d) 3 +1

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Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations M-35

3 + i sin q æ (1 + i )2 ö
m/2
æ (1 + i )2 ö
n /3
1. (b) Let z = , after rationalising Þç ÷ =ç ÷ =1
4 - i cos q è 2 ø è -2 ø
(3 + i sin q) (4 + i cos q)
z= ´ Þ i m / 2 = ( -i ) n / 3 = 1
(4 - i cos q) (4 + i cos q)
m (least) = 8, n (least) = 12
As z is purely real
GCD (8, 12) = 4.
3
Þ 3cosq + 4sinq = 0 Þ tanq = – 5. (b) Let z1 = x1 + iy1 and z2 = x2 + iy2
4
æ cos q ö Q | z1 - 1 | = Re( z1 )
arg(sinq + icosq) = p + tan–1 ç sin q ÷
è ø Þ ( x1 - 1) 2 + y12 = x12
æ 4ö æ4ö
= p + tan -1 ç - ÷ = p - tan -1 ç ÷ Þ y12 - 2 x1 + 1 = 0 ...(i)
è 3ø è3ø
| z2 - 1|= Re( z2 ) Þ ( x2 - 1)2 + y22 = x22
2. (c) D(z–2Re(z)) C(z –2Re(z )) Þ y22 - 2 x2 + 1 = 0 ...(ii)
From eqn. (i) – (ii),
y12 - y22 - 2( x1 - x2 ) = 0

æ x -x ö
Þ y1 + y2 = 2 ç 1 2 ÷ ...(iii)
è y1 - y2 ø

p
A(z) B(z) Q arg( z1 - z2 ) =
6
Let z = x + iy æ y - y2 ö p
Þ tan -1 ç 1 =
Q Length of side of square = 4 units è x1 - x2 ÷ø 6
Then, | z - z | = 4 Þ | 2iy | = 4 Þ | y | = 2
y1 - y2 1
Also, | z - ( z - 2 Re( z )) | = 4 Þ =
x1 - x2 3
Þ | 2 Re( z ) | = 4 Þ | 2 x | = 4 Þ | x | = 2
2 1 é y1 - y2 2 ù
Þ = ê From, = ú
\| z | = x + y = 4+ 4 = 2 2
2 2 y1 + y2 3 ë x1 - x2 y1 + y2 û

2p ip
i - \ y1 + y2 = 2 3 Þ lm( z1 + z2 ) = 2 3
3. (c) Q -1 + 3i = 2 × e 3 and 1 - i = 2 × e 4
6. (b) Let z = x + iy
30
æ -1 + 3i ö
30 æ æ 2p p ö ö
ç + ÷i
\ çç = ç 2eè 3 4 ø ÷ z -i
÷÷ Then, = 1 Þ x2 + (y – 1)2
è 1- i ø ç ÷ z + 2i
è ø
p
- i
= x2 + (y + 2)2 Þ –2y + 1 = 4y + 4
=2 15
×e 2 = -2 × i.
15
1
4. (4) Þ 6y = – 3 Þ y = -
2
m/2 n /3
æ 1+ i ö æ 1+ i ö 5 25
Given that ç =ç =1
è 1 - i ÷ø è i - 1ø÷ Q |z| =
2
Þ x2 + y2 =
4

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 EBD_8344
M-36 Mathematics

24 2
Þ x2 = =6 Since, it is given that | z | =
4 5
i Then, from equation (i),
\ z = x + iy Þ z= ± 6-
2
2 2
25 49 =
| + 3i| = 6+ = 5 1 + a2
4 4
Now, square on both side; we get
7
Þ |z + 3i| = Þ 1 + a2 = 10 Þ a = ± 3
2
7. (c) z = x + iy Since, it is given that a > 0 Þ a = 3
|x| + |y| = 4
(1 + i )2 1 + i 2 + 2i 2i
Then, z = = =
a -i 3-i 3-i
z = x2 + y 2 2i (3 + i ) -1 + 3i
= =
Minimum value of 10 5
|z| = 2 2 -1 3
Maximum value of Hence, z = - i
5 5
|z| = 4
11. (c) Given | zw | = 1 ...(i)
z Î éë 8, 16 ùû
æzö p
and arg ç ÷ = ...(ii)
So, | | can’t be 7 . èwø 2
8. (c) Let Re (z) = x i.e., z = x + 10i
z z é æzö ù
2z – n = (2i – 1) (2z + n) \ + =0 êQ Re ç w ÷ = 0 ú
w w ë è ø û
(2x – n) + 20i = (2i – 1) ((2x + n) + 20i)
Þ zw = - z w
On comparing real and imaginary parts,
– (2x + n) – 40 = 2x – n and 20 = 4x + 2n – 20 from equation (i), zz ww = 1 [using zz =| z |2 ]
Þ 4x = – 40 and 40 = – 40 + 2n ( z w)2 = -1 Þ z w = ± i
Þ x = – 10 and n = 40
p -p
Hence, Re(z) = – 10 from equation (ii), - arg( z ) - arg w = - arg( z w) =
2 2
9. (b) Given equation is, | z – 1 | = | z – i |
Hence, zw = -i
Þ (x – 1)2 + y2 = x2 + (y – 1)2 [Here, z = x + iy]
5 + 3z
Þ 1 – 2x = 1 – 2y Þ x – y = 0 12. (c) w= Þ 5w - 5wz = 5 + 3z
5 - 5z
Hence, locus is straight line with slope 1.
5 ( w - 1)
(1 + i )2 a + i Þ 5w - 5 = z ( 3 + 5w) Þ z =
10. (a) z = ´ 3 + 5w
a -i a +i
Q | z | < 1, \5|w – 1| < |3 + 5w|
(1 - 1 + 2i )(a + i ) 2ai - 2
z= = Þ 25 ( ww - w - w + 1) < 9 + 25ww + 15w + 15w
a2 + 1 a2 + 1

2
æ -2 ö æ 2a ö
2
4 + 4a 2
(Q z 2
=zz )
|z|= ç 2 ÷ +ç ÷ = 2 2
è a + 1 ø è a2 + 1 ø (a + 1) 2 2
Þ 16 < 40w + 40w Þ w + w > Þ 2Re(w) >
5 5
4(1 + a 2 ) 2
Þ|z|= = 1
2 2
(1 + a )
...(i) Þ Re ( w) >
1 + a2 5

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Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations M-37

z-a 3z1 2 z2 3r1 i (q -f ) 2 r2 i (f -q )

13. (a) Let t =
z+a z = 2 z + 3 z = 2r e +
3 r1
e
2 1 2

Q t is purely imaginary number. 3 4

= ´ (cos(q – f) + i sin(q – f)) +
\ t + t =0 2 3
z -a z -a 2 3
Þ + =0 ´ [cos(q - f) - i sin(q - f)]
z +a z +a 3 4
Þ (z – a)( z + a) + ( z – a)(z + a) = 0 æ 1ö æ 1ö
z = èç 2 + ø÷ cos(q - f) + i èç 2 - ÷ø sin(q - f)
Þ zz – a2 + z z – a2 = 0 2 2
Þ z z – a2 = 0
25 9
Þ |z|2 – a2 = 0 \ | z|= cos2 (q - f) + sin 2 (q - f)
4 4
Þ a2 = 4
Þ a= ±2 16
cos 2 (q - f) +
9 3 5
= Þ £ |z| £
14. (a) | 4 4 2 2
1 | = 9, | 2 – 3 – 4i | = 4
1 lies on a circle with centre C1(0, 0) and radius r 1 = 9 3 + 2i sin q
17. (d) Suppose z =
2 lies on a circle with centre C2(3, 4) and radius r 2 = 4
1 - 2i sin q
So, minimum value of | 1 – 2 | is ero at point of contact Since, z is purely imaginary, then z + z = 0
(i.e. A) 3 + 2i sin q 3 - 2i sin q
Þ + =0
1 - 2i sin q 1 + 2i sin q
(3 + 2i sin q)(1 + 2i sin q) + (3 - 2i sin q)(1 - 2i sin q)
Þ
1 + 4sin 2 q
=0

3 3
Þ sin2 q = Þ sin q =
4 2
15. (b) Since, |z| + z = 3 + i
p p 2p
Let z = a + ib, then Þ q= - , ,
3 3 3
|z| + z = 3 + i Þ a 2 + b 2 + a + ib = 3 + i p p 2p 2p
Now, the sum of elements in A = - + + =
Compare real and imaginary coefficients on both sides 3 3 3 3
18. (a) Q |z| = 1 & Re z ¹ 1
b = 1, a2 + b2 + a = 3 Suppose z = x + iy Þ x2 + y2 = 1 .....(i)
1 + (1 – 8a ) z
a 2 +1 = 3 – a Now, w =
1– z
a2 + 1 = a2 + 9 – 6a
1 + (1 – 8a ) ( x + iy)
4 Þ w= 1 – ( x + iy )
6a = 8 Þ a =
3
1 + (1 – 8a) ( x + iy ) )((1 – x) + iy)
Then, Þ w=
1 – ( x + iy))((1 – x) + iy)
2
æ 4ö 16 5
|z| = çè 3 ÷ø +1 = 9 + 1 = 3 é (1 + x (1 – 8a ) (1 – x) – (1 – 8a) y 2 ù
Þ w= ë û
16. (none) Let z1 = r1eiq and z2 = r2eif (1 – x )2 + y 2
3|z1| = 4|z2| Þ 3r1 = 4r2 +i
[ (1 + x (1 – 8a)) y – (1 – 8a) y (1 – x)]
(1 – x )2 + y 2

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 EBD_8344
M-38 Mathematics

As, w is purely imaginary. So, 22. (b) Let z = 1+ ia, a Î R

é(1 + x (1 – 8a ) )(1 – x) – (1 – 8a) y 2 ù z2 = (1 + ia) (1 + ia)
ë û x + iy = (1 + 2ia – a2)
Re w = =0
(1 – x)2 + y 2 On comparing real and imaginary parts, we get
Þ (1 – x) + x (1 – 8a) (1 – x) = (1 – 8a) y2 x = 1 – a2, y = 2a
Þ (1 – x) + x (1 – 8a) – x2 (1 – 8a) = (1 – 8x)y2 Now, consider option (b), which is
Þ (1 – x) + x (1 – 8a) = 1 – 8a [From (i), x2 + y2 = 1] y2 + 4x – 4 = 0
Þ 1 – 8a = 1 2 2
LHS : y 2 + 4 x - 4 = (2a ) + 4(1 - a ) - 4
Þa=0
\ a Î {0} = 4a 2 + 4 - 4a 2 - 4
19. (b) Rationali ing the given expression = 0 = R.H.S.
(2 + 3isin q)(1 + 2isin q) Hence, y2 + 4x – 4 = 0
23. (c) Let z = x + iy
1 + 4sin 2 q
For the given expression to be purely imaginary, real part z-i
is purely imaginary means its real part is ero.
of the above expression should be equal to ero. z+i

2 - 6 sin 2 q 1 x + iy - i x + i ( y - 1) x - i ( y + 1)
Þ = 0 Þ sin 2 q = = ´
1 + 4 sin 2 q 3 x + iy + i x + i ( y + 1) x - i ( y + 1)
1 æ ö
1
Þ sin q = ± Þ q = sin -1 ç ÷ x 2 - 2ix ( y + 1) + xi ( y - 1) + y 2 - 1
3 è 3ø =
20. (b) Let = reiq x 2 + ( y + 1) 2
5
Im r5 (sin 5q) x2 + y2 -1 2 xi
Consider 5 = = -
(Im ) r (sin q )
5 5
x + ( y + 1)
2 2
x + ( y + 1) 2
2

for pure imaginary, we have

(Q eiq = cos q + i sinq)
x2 + y2 -1
sin 5q 16sin5 q - 20sin3 q + 5sin q =0
= = x 2 + ( y + 1) 2
sin 5 q 5
sin q
Þ x2 + y2 = 1
16sin5 q 20sin 3 q 5sin q Þ (x + iy) (x – iy) = 1
= – +
sin q
5
sin q
5 sin 5 q 1
Þ x + iy = =z
= 5 cosec4 q – 20 cosec2 q + 16 x - iy

Im 5 and
1
= x – iy
minimum value of is – 4. z
(Im )5
21. (d) We know minimum value of |Z1 + Z2| is 1
z+ = ( x + iy ) + ( x - iy ) = 2 x
z
1 1
| |Z1| – |Z2||. Thus minimum value of Z + is | Z | - æ 1ö
2 2
çè z + ÷ø is any non- ero real number
z
1 1
£ Z+ £| Z | +
2 2 æz ö æz ö
24. (a) Consider arg ç 1 ÷ + arg ç 2 ÷
Since, | Z |³ 2 therefore è z4 ø è z3 ø

1 1 1 = arg( z1 ) - arg( z4 ) + arg( z2 ) - arg( z3 )

2- < Z + < 2+
2 2 2 = (arg( z1 ) + arg( z2 )) - (arg( z3 ) + arg( z4 ))

3 1 5 æ z2 = z1 &ö
Þ < Z+ < given ç
2 2 2 è z4 = z3 ÷ø

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Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations M-39

= (arg( z1 ) + arg( z1 )) - (arg( z3 ) + arg( z3 )) 28. (a) Let z = x + iy Þ z2 = x2 – y2 + 2ixy

1 + z 2 1 + x 2 - y 2 + 2ixy ( x 2 - y 2 + 1) + 2ixy
ìalso (arg( z1 ) = - arg( z1 )ü Now, = =
í ý 2iz 2i ( x + iy ) 2ix - 2 y
îarg( z3 ) = - arg( z3 ) þ ( x2 - y 2 + 1) + 2ixy -2 y - 2ix
= ´
= (arg( z1 ) - arg( z1 )) - (arg( z3 ) - arg( z3 )) -2 y + 2ix -2 y - 2ix
=0–0=0 y ( x 2 + y 2 - 1) + x ( x 2 + y 2 + 1)i
25. (d) Consider the equation =
2( x 2 + y 2 )
w - wz = k (1 - z ), k Î R
x ( x 2 + y 2 + 1)
w - wz a=
Clearly z ¹ 1 and is purely real 2( x 2 + y 2 )
1- z

w - wz w - wz Since, | z | = 1 Þ x2 + y 2 = 1
\ = Þ x2 + y2 = 1
1- z 1- z
x (1 + 1)
w - wz w - wz \ a= =x
Þ = 2 ´1
1- z 1- z
Also z ¹ 1 Þ x + iy ¹ 1
Þ w - wz - wz + wzz = w - wz - wz + wzz
\ A = (– 1, 1)
Þ w+w| z| = w+w| z|
2 2 29. (d) Let z1 = 1 + i and z2 = 1 – i

Þ ( w - w)(| z |2 ) = w - w z2 1 - i (1 - i ) (1 - i )
= = =-i
z1 1 + i (1 + i ) (1 - i )
Þ |z|2 = 1 (QIm w ¹ 0)
Þ |z| = 1 and z ¹ 1 æz ö
2 + 3ç 2 ÷
\ The required set is {z : |z| = 1, z ¹ 1 } 2 z1 + 3z2 è z1 ø = 2 - 3i
=
26. (c) Given | | = 1, arg z = q 2 z1 - 3z2 æ z ö 2 + 3i
2-3ç 2 ÷
1 è z1 ø
Þ z=
z
2 z1 + 3z2 2 - 3i 2 - 3i é z1 | z |ù
æ 1+ z ö æ 1+ z ö = = êQ = 1 ú
\ arg ç = arg = arg (z) = q. 2 z1 - 3z2 2 + 3i 2 + 3i
è 1 + z ÷ø ç 1÷ ë z2 | z2 | û
çè 1 + ÷ø 4+9
z = =1
4+9
27. (b) Let z = x + iy, z = x – iy
30. (b) z1 + z2 2 + z1 - z2 2
Now, z = 1 – z
Þ x + iy = 1 – (x – iy)
= z1 2 + z2 2
+ 2 z1 z2 + z1 + z2
2 2
- 2 z1 z2
1
Þ 2x = 1 Þ x =
= 2 éê z1 + z2 ùú
2 2 2 2
2 = 2 z1 + 2 z2 ë û
Now, | z | = 1 Þ x2 + y2 = 1 Þ y2 = 1 – x2
31. (a) Let |Z|= |W| = r
3 Þ Z= reiq, W = reif
Þ y =±
2 where q + f = p
y \ W = re
–if
Now, tan q = (q is the argument)
x Now, Z = rei(p – f) = reip × e–if = – re–if
3 1
= ¸ (+ve since only principal argument) = –W
2 2
Thus, statement-1 is true but statement-2 is false.
= 3
32. (b) Statement - 1 and 2 both are true.
p
Þ q = tan -1 3 = It is fundamental property.
3 But Statement - 2 is not correct explanation for Statement - 1.
Hence, z is not a real number
So, statement-1 is false and 2 is true.

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 EBD_8344
M-40 Mathematics

33. (a) Let z = x + iy 38. (a) | z w |=| z || w |=| z || w |=| zw |= 1 [Q z = z ]

Arg( z w) = arg( z ) + arg(w)
z - 1 = z + 1 Þ ( x -1)2 + y2 = ( x + 1)2 + y2
p
Þ x=0 Þ Re z = 0 = - arg( z ) + arg w = -
2
z - 1 = z - i Þ ( x - 1)2 + y 2 = x2 + ( y - 1)2 [Q arg ( z ) = - arg( )]
Þ x= y \ z w = -1
2 2 2
z + 1 = z - i Þ ( x + 1) + y = x + ( y - 1) 2 39. (c) Given that | z – 4 | < | z – 2 |
Let z = x + iy
Þ x = –y
Þ | (x – 4) + iy) | < | (x – 2) + iy |
Only (0, 0) will satisfy all conditions.
Þ (x – 4)2 + y2 < (x – 2)2 + y2
Þ Number of complex number z = 1
Þ x2 – 8x + 16 < x2 – 4x + 4 Þ 12 < 4x
æ 1 ö 1 1 –1 Þ x > 3 Þ Re(z) > 3
çè i – 1÷ø = (i - 1) = – i – 1 = i + 1
34. (c)
40. (b) Let | z | = | w | = r
\ z = reiq, w = reif where q + f = p.
1
\ z = rei(p–f) = reip . e–if = –re–if = – w .
35. (a) Given that z 3 = p + iq
[Q eip = –1 and w = re–if]
Þ z = p3 + (iq )3 + 3 p (iq )( p + iq )
41. (c) Let z = x + iy
Þ x - iy = p3 - 3 pq 2 + i (3 p 2 q - q 3 ) Q z 2 = i | z |2
Comparing both side, we get
\ x 2 - y 2 + 2ixy = i( x 2 + y 2 )
x
\ x = p3 - 3 pq 2 Þ = p 2 - 3q2 ...(i) Þ x 2 - y 2 = 0 and 2 xy = x2 + y 2
p
Þ ( x - y )( x + y ) = 0 and ( x - y)2 = 0
y
and y = q - 3 p q Þ = q 2 - 3 p 2 ...(ii)
3 2
Þx=y
q
Adding (i) and (ii), we get -1 + 3i
42. (a) Given that, a = =w
x y æ x yö 2
\ + = -2 p 2 - 2q2 \ ç + ÷ ( p 2 + q 2 ) = -2
p q è p qø \ (2 + w)4 = a + bw Þ (4 + w2 + 4w)2 = a + bw
36. (c) Given that arg zw = p Þ (w2 + 4(1 + w)) 2 = a + bw
Þ arg z + arg w = p ...(i)
Þ (w 2 - 4w 2 ) 2 = a + bw
z + iw = 0 Þ z = -iw
Replace i by –i, we get [Q1 + w = -w 2 ]
p Þ ( -3w 2 )2 = a + bw Þ 9w 4 = a + bw
\ z = iw Þ arg z = + arg w
2
Þ 9w = a + bw (Q w3 = 1)
p
Þ arg z = + p - arg z (from (i)) On comparing, a = 0, b = 9
2
Þ a + b = 0 + 9 = 9.
3p
\ arg = æ 5p 5p ö
3
4 1 + cos + i sin
ç 18 18 ÷
37. (b) Given that 43. (c) ç 5p 5p ÷
ç 1 + cos - i sin ÷
x é (1 + i )2 ù
x è 18 18 ø
æ 1+ i ö
çè ÷ø = 1 Þ ê ú =1
1- i 2
êë 1 - i úû 3
æ 5p 5p 5p ö
2cos 2 + i 2sin × cos
ç 36 36 36 ÷
x =ç
æ 1 + i 2 + 2i ö + 2 5p 5p 5p ÷
ç
x
÷ = 1 Þ (i ) = 1; \ x = 4n ; n Î I ç 2cos - i 2sin × cos ÷
è 1 + 1 ø è 36 36 36 ø

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Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations M-41

3 3 i æ 1 3 ö
æ 5p 5p ö + = -i ç - + i ÷ = -iw
cos + i sin 6 47. (d) ç ÷
ç
=ç 36 36 ÷ = æ cos 5p + i sin 5p ö 2 2 è 2 2 ø
5p 5p ÷ ç
è ÷
36 36 ø where w is imaginary cube root of unity.
ç cos - i sin ÷
è 36 36 ø
Now, (1 + i + 5 + i 8)9
æ 5p ö æ 5p ö 5p 5p = (1 + w – iw2 + iw2)9 = (1 + w)9
= cos ç 6 ´ ÷ + i sin ç 6 ´ ÷ = cos + i sin
è 36 ø è 36 ø 6 6 = (– w2)9 = – w18 = – 1 (Q 1 + w + w2 = 0)
48. (a) –(6 + i)3 = x + iy
3 1 1 Þ –[216 + i3 + 18i(6 + i)] = x + iy
=- + i = - ( 3 - i)
2 2 2 Þ –[216 – i +108i – 18] = x + iy
44. (b) 3 + 2 -54 = 3 + 6 6i Þ –216 + i – 108i + 18 = x + iy
Þ –198 – 107i = x + iy
Let 3 + 6 6i = a + ib Þ x = – 198, y = –107
Þ a 2 - b2 = 3 and ab = 3 6 Þ y – x = –107 + 198 = 91
5 5
Þ a 2 + b2 = (a 2 - b 2 ) 2 + 4a 2b 2 = 15 æ 3 iö æ 3 iö
49. (a) z = ç + ÷ +ç - ÷
è 2 2ø è 2 2ø
So, a = ±3 and b = ± 6
5 5
æ p pö æ p pö
3 + 6 6 i = ± (3 + 6 i) = ç cos + i sin ÷ + ç cos - i sin ÷
è 6 6ø è 6 6ø
Similarly, 3 - 6 6 i = ± (3 - 6 i) 5 5
æ ip ö æ -i p ö p
= ç e ÷ + ç e ÷ = 2 cos 6 = 3
6 6
lm ( 3 + 6 6i - 3 - 6 6i ) = ±2 6 è ø è ø
45. (b) Let a = w, b = 1 + w3 + w6 + ..... = 101 Þ I(z) = 0, Re(z) = 3
a = (1 + w) (1 + w2 + w4 + ..... w198 + w200)
æ1+ i 3 ö

= (1 + w)
(
1 - (w2 )101 ) =
(w + 1)(w202 - 1)
50. (d) Let l = çç ÷÷ .
è1– i 3 ø
1- w 2 (w2 - 1)
æ1 + i 3 ö æ1 + i 3 ö
\ l = çç ÷÷ ´ çç ÷÷
(1 + w)(1 - w)
Þ a = =1 è1 – i 3 ø è1 + i 3 ø
1 - w2
Required equation = x2 – (101 + 1)x + (101) × 1 = 0 æ – 2 + i2 3 ö æ 1 – i 3 ö
=ç ÷÷ = çç ÷÷
ç 4
Þ x2 – 102x + 101 = 0 è ø è –2 ø
46. (d) Q z = x + iy æ1 + i 3 ö æ1 – i 3 ö
æ z - 1 ö ( x - 1) + iy
Also, l = çç ÷÷ ´ çç ÷÷
è1 – i 3 ø è1 – i 3 ø
ç 2 z + i ÷ = 2( x + iy ) + i
è ø
æ 4 ö æ –2 ö
( x - 1) + iy 2 x - (2 y + 1)i =ç ÷=ç ÷
= ´ è – 2 – i2 3 ø è 1 + i 3 ø
2 x + (2 y + 1)i 2 x - (2 y + 1)i
3
æ z + 1 ö 2 x( x - 1) + y (2 y + 1) æ1+ i 3 ö æ1+ i 3 ö æ1 + i 3 ö æ1+ i 3 ö
Re ç ÷= =1 Now, ç ÷ =ç ÷´ç ÷´ç ÷
è 2z + i ø (2 x ) 2 + (2 y + 1) 2 è1 – i 3 ø è1 – i 3 ø è1 – i 3 ø è1 – i 3 ø
æ1+ i 3 ö æ – 2 ö æ1 – i 3 ö
2 2 æ
5ö
2 =ç ÷´ç ÷´ç ÷ =1
æ 1ö æ 3ö
Þ ç x + ÷ + ç y + ÷ = çç ÷÷ . è1 – i 3 ø è1 + i 3 ø è – 2 ø
è 2 ø è 4 ø è 4 ø
\ least positive integer n is 3.

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 EBD_8344
M-42 Mathematics

54. (a) (1 + w)7 = A + Bw

51. (a)
(3,3) (–w2)7 = A + Bw (Q w14 = w12.w2 = w2)
2 2 – w2 = A + Bw
1 + w = A + Bw
Final (1,1) Þ A = 1, B = 1.
(3,1) 55. (a) |z + 1 | = | z + 4 – 3 | £ | z + 4 | + | –3 | £ | 3 | + | – 3|
position (2,1) 1
Þ | z + 1 | £ 6 Þ | z + 1|max = 6

z
56. (c) Given that w =
1
z- i
So new position is at the point 1 + i 3

1 - 2 2 =1 |z| é z1 z ù
52. (a) Þ |w|= =1 êQ = 1ú
2- 1 2 1
|z- i| ë z2 z2 û
3
2 2
Þ 1 -2 2 = 2- 1 2 1
Þ z = z- i
3
Þ ( 1 - 2 2 )( 1 - 2 2 ) = (2 - 1 2 )(2 - 1 2 )
æ 1ö
Þ ( 1 - 2 2 )( 1 - 2 2 ) = (2 - 1 2 )(2 - 1 2 ) Þ distance of from origin and point ç 0, ÷ is same
è 3ø
Þ ( 1 1) - 2 1 2 -2 1 2 +4 2 2 hence lies on bisector of the line oining points (0, 0) and
= 4-2 -2 + (0, 1/3).
1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2
Hence lies on a straight line.
2 2 2 2
Þ 1 +4 2 = 4+ 1 2 57. (c) | z1 + z2 | = | z1 | + | z2 | Þ z1 and z2 are collinear
2 2 2 2 and are to the same side of origin; hence arg z1 – arg z2 = 0.
Þ 1 +4 2 –4– 1 2 =0
58. (c) Q ( x - 1)3 + 8 = 0 Þ ( x - 1) = (-2) (1)1/ 3
(z1
2
)(
- 4 1 - z2
2
)=0
Þ x – 1 = – 2 or -2w or - 2w 2
Q 2 ¹1
or x = – 1 or 1 – 2 w or 1 – 2 w2 .
2
\ 1 =4
59. (b) Given that | z 2 - 1 |=| z |2 +1 Þ| z 2 - 1|2 = ( zz + 1) 2
Þ 1 =2 2
[Q z = ]
Þ Point 1 lies on circle of radius 2.
Þ(z2 -1)(z 2 -1) = (zz +1)2 (Qz1 - z2 = z1 - 2)
z2 z 2 é æ z1 ö z1 ù
53. (a) = êQ = ú Þ 2 2
- 2
- 2
+1 = 2 2
+2 +1
z - 1 z - 1 ë çè z2 ÷ø z2 û
Þ z 2 + 2 zz + z 2 = 0
2 2
Þ zzz - z = z. z . z - z
Þ ( z + z )2 = 0 Þ z = - z
Þ z 2 .z - z 2 = z 2 .z - z 2
Þ z is purely imaginary
Þ z 2 ( z - z ) - ( z - z )( z + z ) = 0 60. (b) Let the circle be |z – z0| = r. Then according to given
conditions |z0 – z1| = r + a ...(i)
2
(
Þ (z - z ) z -(z + z ) = 0 ) |z0 – z2|= r + b ...(ii)
Subtract (ii) from (i)
Either z - z = 0 or z 2 - ( z + z ) = 0 we get |z0 – z1| – |z0 – z2| = a – b.
Either z = z Þ real axis \ Locus of centre z0 is |z – z1| –|z – z2|
= a – b, which represents a hyperbola.
or z 2 = z + z Þ zz - z - z = 0
represents a circle passing through origin.

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Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations M-43

61. (a) Q a + b = 64, ab = 256 Imaginary part of u

a 3/8 b3/8 a +b -2 x( y - K ) + x (2 y + 1)
+ =
64
==2
64
= = Im(u ) =
b5/8
a 5/8
(ab)5/8 8 5/8
(2 ) 32 x 2 + ( y - K )2
62. (b) Let a and b be the roots of the given quadratic Q Re(u ) + Im(u ) = 1
equation,
Þ 2 x2 + 2 y 2 - 2 Ky + y - K - 2 xy + 2 Kx + 2 xy + x
2x2 + 2x - 1 = 0 ...(i)

1 = x 2 + y 2 + K 2 - 2 Ky
Then, a + b = - Þ -1 = 2a + 2b
2 Since, the curve intersect at y-axis
\x = 0
and 4a 2 + 2a - 1 = 0 [Q a is root of
eq. (i)] Þ y 2 + y - K ( K + 1) = 0
Þ 4a 2 + 2a + 2a + 2b = 0 Þ b = -2a (a + 1) Let y1 and y2 are roots of equations if x = 0
63. (b) Let | x | = y then Q y1 + y2 = -1

9 y 2 - 18 y + 5 = 0 y1 y2 = -( K 2 + K )

Þ 9 y 2 - 15 y - 3 y + 5 = 0 \ ( y1 - y2 )2 = (1 + 4 K 2 + 4 K )
Þ (3 y - 1)(3 y - 5) = 0 Given PQ = 5 Þ| y1 - y2 |= 5

Þ y=
1 5 1
or Þ| x |= or
5 Þ 4 K 2 + 4 K - 24 = 0 Þ K = 2 or – 3
3 3 3 3 as K > 0, \ K = 2

Roots are ±
1
and ±
5 66. (b) Since a is common root of x 2 - x + 2l = 0 and
3 3
3 x 2 - 10 x + 27l = 0
25
\ Product = \ 3a 2 - 10a + 27l = 0 ...(i)
81
64. (d) Let a and b be the roots of the quadratic equation 3a 2 - 3a + 6l = 0 ...(ii)

7 x2 - 3x - 2 = 0 \ On subtract, we get a = 3l
3 -2 2
\ a + b = , ab = Now, ab = 2l Þ 3l ×b = 2l Þ b =
7 7 3
a b
Now, + Þ a + b = 1 Þ 3l +
2 1
= 1 Þ l = and
1 - a2 1 - b2 3 9
a - ab(a + b) + b ag = 9l Þ 3l × g = 9l Þ g = 3
=
1 - (a 2 + b 2 ) + (ab) 2
bg
(a + b) - ab(a + b) \ = 18
= l
1 - (a + b) 2 + 2ab + (ab) 2
1 1
3 2 3 67. (d) a ×b = 2 and a + b = - p also + = -q
+ ´ a b
7 7 7 27
= =
9 -2 4 16 Þ p = 2q
1- + 2 ´ +
49 7 49
æ 1ö æ 1ö æ 1ö æ 1ö
Now çè a - a ÷ø èç b - bø÷ èç a + bø÷ çè b + a ÷ø
2( x + iy ) + i 2 x + i (2 y + 1)
65. (d) u= =
( x + iy ) - ki x + i( y - k )
é 1 a bùé 1 ù
= êab + - - ú êab + + 2ú
2 x + ( y - K )(2 y + 1)
2
ë ab b a û ë ab û
Real part of u = Re(u ) =
x 2 + ( y - K )2

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 EBD_8344
M-44 Mathematics

9 é 5 a2 + b2 ù 9 71. (8) Since, 2x2 + (a – 10) x +

33
= 2a has real roots,
= ê - ú = [5 - ( p - 4)]
2
2
2 ë2 2 û 4
\ D³0
9
= (9 - p 2 ) [Q a 2 + b2 = (a + b) 2 - 2ab] æ 33 ö
4 Þ (a - 10)2 - 4(2) ç - 2a ÷ ³ 0
è 2 ø
68. (c) The given quadratic equation is
Þ (a – 10)2 – 4(33 – 4a) ³ 0
(l + 1) x - 4lx + 2 = 0
2 2
Þ a2 – 4a – 32 ³ 0
Q One root is in the interval (0, 1) Þ (a – 8) (a + 4) ³ 0
Þ a£–4Èa³8
\ f (0) f (1) £ 0
Þ aÎ (– ¥, – 4] È [8, ¥)
Þ 2(l 2 + 1 - 4l + 2) £ 0 72. (a) Let z = a ± ib be the complex roots of the equation
So, sum of roots = 2a = – b and
Þ 2(l 2 - 4l + 3) £ 0
Product of roots = a2 + b2 = 45
(l - 1)(l - 3) £ 0 Þ l Î[1, 3] (a + 1)2 + b2 = 40
But at l = 1, both roots are 1 so l ¹ 1
Given, | z + 1|= 2 10
\ l Î (1, 3]
Þ (a + 1)2 – a2 = – 5 [Q b2 = 45 – a2]
69. (c) Since, a and b are the roots of the equaton
Þ 2a + 1 = – 5 Þ 2a = – 6
5x2 + 6x – 2 = 0 2
Hence, b = 6 and b – b = 30
Then, 5a 2 + 6a - 2 = 0 , 5b 2 + 6b - 2 = 0 73. (d) a5 = 5a + 3
b5 = 5b + 3
5a 2 + 6a = 2
p5 = 5(a + b) + 6 = 5(1) + 6
5S6 + 6S5 = 5(a 6 + b6 ) + 6(a 5 + b5 )
-b
[Q from x2 – x – 1 = 0, a + b = = 1]
= (5a 4 + 6a 5 ) + (5b6 + 6b5 ) a
p5 = 11 and p5 = a2 + b2 = a + 1 + b + 1
= a 4 (5a 2 + 6a ) + b 4 (5b 2 + 6b) p2 = 3 and p3 = a3 + b3 = 2a + 1 + 2b + 1
= 2(a 4 + b4 ) = 2S4 = 2(1) + 2 = 4
p2 × p3 = 12 and p5 = 11 Þ p5 ¹ p2 × p3
70. (a) Let ex = t Î (0, ¥)
Given equation
74. (b) (k + 1) tan 2 x - 2l tan x + ( k - 1) = 0
t4 + t3 – 4t2 + t + 1 = 0
2l
tan a + tan b = [Sum of roots]
1 1 k +1
Þ t2 + t – 4 + + 2 = 0
t t
k -1
tan a × tan b = [Product of roots]
æ 2 1 ö æ 1ö k +1
Þ çt + 2 ÷ + çt + t ÷ - 4 = 0
è t ø è ø
2l
1 tan(a + b) = k + 1 = 2l = l
Let t + = y \
t k -1 2 2
1-
2
(y – 2) + y – 4 = 0 Þ y2 + y – 6 = 0 k +1
y2 + y – 6 = 0 Þ y = – 3, 2
l2
1 tan 2 (a + b) = = 50
Þ y=2 Þ t + = 2 2
t
l = 10.
Þ ex + e–x = 2
75. (b) Given equation is, x2 + x sin q – 2 sin q = 0
x = 0, is the only solution of the equation
a + b = – sin q and ab = – 2 sin q
Hence, there only one solution of the given equation.

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Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations M-45

80. (c) The given quadratic equation is x2 – 2x + 2 = 0

(a12 + b12 )a12b12 (ab)12
=
(a12 + b12 )(a - b) 24 (a - b) 24 2 ± -4
Then, the roots of the this equation are =1± i
2
\ | a - b |= (a + b)2 - 4ab = sin 2 q + 8sin q
a 1 - i (1 - i ) 2
12 12 12 Now, = = =i
(ab) (2sin q) 2 b 1 + i 1 - i2
\ = =
24 12 12
( a - b) sin q(sin q + 8) (sin q + 8)12
a 1 - i (1 - i ) 2 a
76. (d) Let 2x – 1 = t or = = = – i So, = ±i
b 1+ i 1- i 2 b
5 + | t | = (t + 1) (t – 1) Þ | t | = t2 – 6
n
When t > 0, t2 – t – 6 = 0 Þ t = 3 or – 2 æaö
Now, ç ÷ = 1 Þ (±i)n = 1
t = – 2 (reected) èbø
When t < 0, t2 + t – 6 = 0 Þ t = – 3 or 2 (both reected) Þ n must be a multiple of 4.
\ 2x – 1 = 3 Þ 2x = 4 Þ x = 2 Hence, the required least value of n = 4.
77. (d) Since 2 - 3 is a root of the quadratic equation 81. (b) Let roots of the quadratic equation are a, b.
x2 + px + q = 0 a a b
1
Given, l = and l + = 1 Þ + = 1
\ 2 + 3 is the other root b l b a
Þ x 2 + px + q = [ x - (2 - 3)[ x - (2 + 3)] (a + b) 2 - 2ab
= 1...(i)
ab
= x 2 - (2 + 3)x - (2 - 3)x + (22 - ( 3) 2 )
The quadratic equation is, 3m2x2 + m(m – 4) x + 2 = 0
= x 2 - 4x + 1
m(4 - m) 4 - m 2
Now, by comparing p = –4, q = 1 \ a+b= 2
= and ab =
3m 3m 3m 2
Þ p2 – 4q – 12 = 16 – 4 – 12 = 0
Put these values in eq (1),
3
78. (c) Sum of roots =
m2 + 1 æ 4 - mö
2

çè ÷
Q sum of roots is greatest. \ m = 0 3m ø
Hence equation becomes x2 – 3x + 1 = 0 2 =3
3 2
m
Now, a + b = 3, ab = 1 Þ | -a - b | = 5
Þ (m – 4)2 = 18 Þ m = 4 ± 18
( )
a3 - b3 = (a - b) a 2 + b2 + ab = 5 ( 9 - 1) = 8 5
Therefore, least value is 4 – 18 = 4 - 3 2
79. (d) Let x =a 82. (d) Let a and b be the roots of the equation,
\ given equation will become: 81x2 + kx + 256 = 0
| a – 2 | + a (a – 4) + 2 = 0 1

Þ | a – 2 | + a2 – 4a + 4 – 2 = 0 Given (a) 3 = b Þ a = b3
Þ | a – 2 | + (a – 2)2 – 2 = 0
256
Let | a – 2| = y (Clearly y ³ 0) Q Product of the roots =
81
Þ y + y2 – 2 = 0
256
Þ y = 1 or – 2 (reected) \ (a)(b) =
81
Þ | a – 2 | = 1 Þ a = 1, 3
4
When x = 1Þx=1 æ 4ö 4 64
Þ b4 = ç ÷ Þ b = Þ a =
è 3ø 3 27
When x = 3Þx=9
Hence, the required sum of solutions of the equation k
Q Sum of the roots = -
= 10 81

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 EBD_8344
M-46 Mathematics

k 4 64 k 86. (a) The roots of 6x2 – 11x + a = 0 are rational numbers.

\ a+ b=- Þ + =-
\ Discriminant D must be perfect square number.
81 3 27 81
Þ k = –300 D = (–11)2 – 4 × 6 × a
83. (d) Consider the quadratic equation = 121 – 24a must be a perfect square
(c – 5) x2 – 2cx + (c – 4) = 0 Hence, possible values for a are
Now, f(0).f(3) > 0 and f(0).f(2) < 0 a = 3, 4, 5.
Þ (c – 4) (4c – 49) > 0 and (c – 4) (c – 24) < 0 \ 3 positive integral values are possible.
æ 49 ö 87. (b) Given quadratic equation is: x2 – mx + 4 = 0
Þ c Î(–¥, 4) È ç , ¥ ÷ and c Î (4, 24)
è 4 ø Both the roots are real and distinct.

æ 49 ö So, discriminant B2 – 4AC > 0.

Þ c Î ç , 24 ÷ \ m2 – 4 × 1 × 4 > 0
è 4 ø
\ (m – 4) (m + 4) > 0
æ 49 ö
Integral values in the interval ç , 24 ÷ are 13, 14, ..., 23. \ m Î (–฀, –4) È (4, ฀) ...(i)
è 4 ø
Since, both roots lies in [1, 5]
\ S = {13, 14, ..., 23}
84. (d) The given quadratic equation is -m
\ - Î (1, 5)
x2 + (3 – l) x + 2 = l 2
Sum of roots = a + b = l – 3 Þ m Î (2, 10) ...(ii)
Product of roots = ab = 2 – l And 1 × (1 – m + 4) > 0 Þ m < 5
a2 + b2 = (a + b)2 – 2ab \ m Î (–฀, 5) ...(iii)
= (l – 3)2 – 2 (2– l)
29
= l2 – 4l + 5 And 1 × (25 – 5m + 4) > 0 Þ m <
5
= (l – 2)2 + 1
For least (a2 + b2) l = 2. æ 29 ö
\ m Îç - ฀ ÷ ...(iv)
è 5ø
85. (a) Consider the equation
x2 + 2x + 2 = 0 From (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv), m Î (4, 5)
88. (a) Q z0 is a root of quadratic equation
-2 ± 4 - 8
x= = -1 ± i x2 + x + 1 = 0
2
Let a = –1 + i, b = –1 – i \ z0 = w or w2 Þ z03 = 1
a15 + b15 = (–1 + i)15 + (–1 – i)15 \ z = 3 + 6i z081 – 3i z093
= 3 + 6i((z0)3)27 – 3i((z0)3)31
æ 3p 15 3p 15
i ö æ -i ö = 3 + 6i – 3i
=ç 2e 4 ÷ +ç 2e 4 ÷
è ø è ø = 3 + 3i
æ 3ö p
é i 45 p - i 45p ù =
arg(z) tan–1 çè 3÷ø 4
( 2) \
15
= êe 4 + e 4 ú
êë úû

( 45p ( )15 3p
2 ) .2 cos
15
= = 2 .2cos 89. (b)
1
+
1
=
1
4 4 x+ p x+q r
-2
( 2)
15
= x+ p+x+q 1
2 =
( x + p) ( x + q) r
( 2)
14
= -2 = -256 (2x + p + q) r = x2 + px + qx + pq
x2 + (p + q – 2r) x + pq – pr – qr = 0
Let a and b be the roots.

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Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations M-47

\ a + b = – (p + q – 2r) .... (i) and f (2) = 6 – 3a

& ab = pq – pr – qr .... (ii) 8
Q a = – b (given) As, f (1) + f (2) = 0 Þ 2 – 2a + 6 – 3a = 0 Þ a =
5
\ in eq. (1), we get
Þ – (p + q – 2r) = 0 ... (iii) 8
Therefore, the other root is
Now, a2 + b2 = (a + b)2 – 2ab 5
= (– (p + q –2r))2 – 2 (pq –pr – qr) .... (from (i) and (ii)) 93. (b) a, b are roots of x2 – x + 1 = 0
= p2 + q2 + 4r2 + 2pq – 4pr – 4qr – 2pq + 2pr + 2qr \ a = -w and b = -w2
= p2 + q2 + 4r2 – 2pr – 2qr where w is cube root of unity
= p2 + q2 + 2r (2r – p – q) ... (from (iii)) \ a101 + b107 = (–w)101 + (–w)107
= p2 + q2 + 0 = –[w2 + w] = –[–1] = 1
= p2 + q2
n
90. (b) Here, 9x2 + 27x + 20 = 0
94. (a) We have, å (x + r - 1)(x + r) = 10n
r =1
– b ± b – 4ac
2
\ x= n
2a å (x 2 + xr + (r –1)x + r 2 - r) = 10n
r =1

– 27 ± 27 – 4 ´ 9 ´ 20
2 n
Þ x=
2´9 Þ å (x 2 + (2r - 1)x + r(r - 1)) = 10n
r =1
Þ nx2 + {1 + 3 + 5 + .... + (2n – 1) }x
4 5
Þ x=– ,– + {1.2 + 2.3 +.... + (n – 1) n} = 10 n
3 3
(n - 1) n(n + 1)
Þ nx2 + n2 x + = 10n
3 3
Given, cos A = –
5 n 2 - 31
Þ x2 + nx + =0
1 5 3
\ sec A = =– Let a and a + 1 be its two solutions
cos A 3
(Q it has two consequtive integral solutions)
Here, A is an obtuse angle. Þ a + (a + 1) = – n
4 -n - 1
\ tan A = – sec 2 A – 1 = – . Þ a= ...(i)
3 2
Hence, roots of the equation are sec A and tan A. n 2 - 31
Also a (a+1) = ...(ii)
91. (b) As tan A and tan B are the roots of 3x2 – 10x – 25 = 0, 3
Putting value of (i) in (ii), we get
10
æ n + 1ö æ 1 - n ö n - 31
2
tan A + tan B 3 = 10 / 3 = 5 -ç ÷ ç ÷ =
So, tan (A + B) = = è 2 øè 2 ø 3
1 – tan A tan B 25 28 / 3 14
1+ Þ n2 = 121 Þ n = 11
3
95. (c) (x – 1) (x2 + 5x – 50) = 0
Now, cos2 (A + B) = – 1 + 2 cos2 (A + B) Þ (x – 1) (x + 10) (x – 5) = 0
Þ x = 1, 5, –10
1 – tan 2 ( A + B ) 196
= Þ cos 2 ( A + B ) = Sum = – 4
1 + tan 2 ( A + B ) 221 96. (c) Let p (x) = ax2 + bx + c
\ 3sin2 (A + B) – 10 sin (A + B) cos (A + B) – 25 cos2 (A + B) Q p (0) = 1 Þ c = 1
= cos2 (A + B) [3 tan2 (A + B) – 10 tan (A + B) – 25] Also, p (1) = 4 & p ( -1) = 6
75 – 700 – 4900 196 5525 196 Þ a+ b+1= 4&a –b+1=6
= ´ =– ´ = – 25
196 221 196 221 Þ a +b=3&a–b=5
Þ a = 4 & b = –1
92. (d) If a and – 1 are the roots of the polynomial, then we
get p (x) = 4x2 – x + 1
p (b) = 16 – 2 + 1 = 15
f (x) = x2 + (1 – a) x – a.
p (–2) = 16 + 2 + 1 = 19
\ f (1) = 2 – 2a

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 EBD_8344
M-48 Mathematics

2 100. (b) (a – 1) (x4 + x2 + 1) + (a + 1) (x2 + x + 1)2 = 0

+ 4x - 60
97. (c) (x 2 - 5 x + 5) x =1 Þ (a – 1) (x2 + x + 1) (x2 – x + 1) + (a + 1) (x2 + x + 1)2 = 0
Case I Þ (x2 + x + 1) [(a – 1) (x2 – x + 1) + (a + 1) (x2 + x + 1)] = 0
x2 – 5x + 5 = 1 and x2 + 4x – 60 can be any real number Þ (x2 + x + 1) (ax2 + x + a) = 0
Þ x = 1, 4 For roots to be distinct and real, a ¹ 0 and 1 – 4a2 > 0
Case II
1
x2 – 5x + 5 = –1 and x2 + 4x – 60 has to be an even number Þ a ¹ 0 and a2 <
Þ x = 2, 3 4
where 3 is reected because for x = 3, æ 1 ö æ 1ö
x2 + 4x – 60 is odd. Þ a Î çè - , 0÷ø È çè 0, ÷ø
2 2
Case III
x2 – 5x + 5 can be any real number and 101. (b) a = 2 + 3i; b = 2 – 3i, g = ?
x2 + 4x – 60 = 0 13 é dù
Þ x = –10, 6 abg = êësince product of roots = a úû
2
Þ Sum of all values of x
= –10 + 6 + 2 + 1 + 4 = 3 13 1
Þ ( 4 + 9) g = Þ g=
2x + 1 - 2 x -1 = 1 2 2
98. (a) .....(i)
102. (c) Consider –3(x – [x])2 + 2 [x – [x]) + a2 = 0
Þ 2x + 1 + 2x – 1 – 2 4 x 2 - 1 = 1 Þ 3{x}2 – 2{x} –a2 = 0 (Q x – [x] = {x})

Þ 4x – 1 = 2 4 x 2 - 1 æ 2 ö
Þ 3 ç {x}2 - {x} ÷ = a2 , a ¹ 0
Þ 16x2 – 8x + 1 = 16x2 – 4 è 3 ø
Þ 8x = 5
æ 2ö
Þ a 2 = 3{x} ç {x} - ÷
Þ
5
x = which satisfies equation (i) è 3ø
8

3
So, 4 x2 - 1 = 4
1/3
6 ± 36 + 8
99. (a) a, b = = 3 ± 11
2 –1/3 2/3
a = 3 + 11 , b = 3 - 11

( ) – (3 – 11)
n n a10 – 2a 8
\ an = 3 + 11 2a 9
-2
Now, {x} Î (0,1) and £ a2 < 1
=
( 3 + 11 ) – ( 3 – 11 ) – 2 ( 3 + 11 ) + 2 ( 3 - 11 )
10 10 8 8
3
(by graph)

2 ê( 3 + 11) - ( 3 - 11 ) ú
é 9 9ù
Since , x is not an integer
ë û
\ a Î (-1,1) - {0}

( é
) (
8 2 ù
) 8é
( 2ù
3 + 11 ê 3 + 11 – 2 ú + 3 - 11 ê 2 - 3 - 11 ú
ë û ë û
) ( ) Þ a Î (-1, 0) È (0,1)
= é
ë
( 9 9ù
2 ê 3 + 11 - 3 - 11 ú
û
) ( ) 103. (a) Consider 3 x 2 + x + 5 = x – 3
Squaring both the sides, we get
( 3 + 11)8 ( 9 + 11 + 6 11 – 2) + (3 - 11)8 ( 2 - 9 - 11 + 6 11) 3x2 + x + 5 = (x – 3)2
=
2 ê( 3 + 11 ) – ( 3 - 11 ) ú
é 9 9ù
Þ 3 x2 + x + 5 = x2 + 9 - 6 x
ë û
Þ 2x2 + 7 x - 4 = 0
( ) – 6 (3 - 11) 6
6 3 + 11
9 9
Þ 2 x2 + 8 x - x - 4 = 0
= = =3
2 ê( 3 + 11 ) - ( 3 - 11 ) ú
é 9 9ù 2 Þ 2 x( x + 4) - 1( x + 4) = 0
ë û

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Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations M-49

Þ x=
1
or x = – 4 \ a3 + b3 = (4 2k ) [66 – (2k4 – 1)]
2 Putting k = – 2, (k = +2 cannot be taken because it does
1 not satisfy the above equation)
For x = and x = – 4
2
\ a3 + b3 = (4 2( -2))[66 - 2( -2) 4 - 1]
L.H.S. ¹ R.H.S. of equation, 3 x 2 + x + 5 = x – 3
a3 + b3 = ( -8 2) (66 – 32 + 1) = ( -8 2) (35)
Also, for every x Î R, LHS ¹ RHS of the given equation.
\ Given equation has no solution. \ a3 + b3 = -280 2
104. (c) x2 + 2 x - 3 - 4 = 0 1 1
106. (a) Let and be the roots of ax 2 + bx + 1 = 0
a b
ì 3
ïï (2 x - 3) if x>
2 1 1 æ a + bö b
|2x – 3| = í + b = ç ÷ = -a
ï - (2 x - 3) if x<
3 a è ab ø
ïî 2
1 1
= Þ a = ab
3
for x > , x 2 + 2 x - 3 - 4 = 0 a b a
2
x2 + 2x – 7 = 0 b= - ( a+ b )
-2 ± 4 + 28 -2 ± 4 2 x( x + b3 ) + (a3 - 3abx) = 0
x= = = -1 ± 2 2
2 2
Þ x2 + (b3 - 3ab) x + a3 = 0
ì 3ü
Here x = 2 2 - 1 í2 2 - 1 < ý Putting values of a and b, we get
î 2þ

(
x2 + é - a + b ) ( )( )
a + b ù + (ab)3/ 2 = 0
3
3 +3 ab
for x < ëê ûú
2
x2 – 2x + 3 – 4 = 0 Þ x 2 - éëa3/2 + b3/2 + 3 ab ( a + b ) - 3 ab ( a + b ) ùû x + (ab)3/2 = 0
Þ x2 – 2x – 1 = 0
Þ x2 - (a 3/ 2 + b3/ 2 ) x + a 3/ 2b3/ 2 = 0
2± 4+ 4 2± 2 2
Þ x= = = 1± 2
2 2 Roots of this equation are a 3/ 2 , b3/ 2
107. (b) Given a3 + b3 = – p and ab = q
ì 3ü
Here x = 1 - 2 í(1 - 2) < ý
î 2þ a2 b2
Let and be the root of required quadratic equation.
b a
Sum of roots : (2 2 - 1) + (1 - 2) = 2

x 2 - 4 2kx + 2e 4 ln k - 1 = 0 a 2 b2 a3 + b3 - p
105. (d) So, + = =
b a ab q
or, x 2 - 4 2kx + 2k 4 - 1 = 0
a 2 b2
a + b = 4 2k and a.b = 2k4 – 1 and ´ = ab = q
b a
Squaring both sides, we get
Hence, required quadratic equation is
(a + b)2 = (4 2k )2 Þ a2 + b2 + 2ab = 32k2
æ -p ö
66 + 2ab = 32k2 x2 - ç ÷x+q =0
66 + 2 (2k4 – 1) = 32k2 è q ø
66 + 4k4 – 2 = 32k2 Þ 4k4 – 32k2 + 64 = 0 p
Þ x2 + x + q = 0 Þ qx2 + px + q2 = 0
or, k4 – 8k2 + 16 = 0 Þ (k2)2 – 8k2 + 16 = 0 q
Þ (k2 – 4) (k2 – 4) = 0 Þ k2 = 4, k2 = 4
108. (c) Given quadratic eqn. is
Þk= ± 2
Now, a3 + b3 = (a + b) (a2 + b2– ab) x 2 + px +
3p
=0
4

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 EBD_8344
M-50 Mathematics

Now, By putting
3p
So, a + b = – p, ab =
4 p p p p
a= , a = , a = and a = in (i) one by one
6 4 3 2
Now, given | a – b | = 10
p
Þ a – b = ± 10 We get least value of x12 + x22 at
2
Þ (a – b)2 = 10 Þ a2 + b2 – 2ab = 10
Þ (a + b)2 – 4ab = 10 p
Hence, a =
3p 2
Þ p2 – 4 × = 10 Þ p2 – 3p – 10 = 0 112. (b) (k – 2) x2 + 8x + k + 4 = 0
4
Þ p = – 2, 5 Þ p Î {– 2, 5} If real roots then,
109. (c) Given equation is 82 – 4(k – 2) (k + 4) > 0
Þ k2 + 2k – 8 < 16
z + 2 | z + 1| + i = 0 Þ k2 + 6k – 4k – 24 < 0
put z = x + iy in the given equation. Þ (k + 6) (k – 4) < 0
Þ –6<k<4
(x + iy) + 2 | x + iy + 1 | + i = 0
If both roots are negative
é 2 2ù then ab is +ve
Þ x + iy + 2 ê ( x + 1) + y ú + i = 0
ë û
k+4
Now, equating real and imaginary part, we get Þ > 0 Þk>–4
k -2
x + 2 ( x + 1) 2 + y 2 = 0 and k -2
Also, > 0 Þk>2
y + 1= 0 Þ y = – 1 k+4
Roots are real so, – 6 < k < 4
Þ x + 2 ( x + 1) 2 + (-1)2 = 0 (Q y = – 1)
So, 6 and 4 are not correct.
Since, k > 2, so 1 is also not correct value of k.
Þ 2 ( x + 1)2 + 1 = - x
\k=3
Þ 2[(x + 1)2 + 1] = x2 113. (d) p (x) = 0
Þ x2 + 4x + 4 = 0
Þ f ( x ) = g ( x)
Þx=–2
Thus, z = – 2 + i(– 1) Þ | z | = 5 Þ ax2 + bx + c = a1x 2 + b1 x + c1
110. (c) Given quadratic equation is Þ (a - a1 ) x2 + (b - b1 ) x + (c - c1 ) = 0.
px2 + qx + r = 0 ...(i)
It has only one solution, x = – 1
D = q2 – 4pr
Since a and b are two complex root Þ b - b1 = a - a1 + c - c1 ...(i)
\ b = a Þ |b| = | a | Þ |b| = |a| (Q| a |=| a|) -(b - b1 )
Sum of roots = -1 - 1
Consider (a - a1 )
|a| + |b| = |a| + |a| (Q |b| = |a|)
(Q |a| > 1 ) b - b1
= 2 |a| > 2.1 = 2 Þ =1
Hence, |a| + |b| is greater than 2. 2 (a - a1 )

ÞÞ b - b1 = 2 ( a - a1 ) ...
111. (d) Given equation is
...(ii)
x2 – (sina – 2)x – (1 + sina) = 0
Let x1 and x2 be two roots of quadratic equation. Now p (– 2) = 2
\ x1 + x2 = sina – 2 and x1x2 = – (1 + sina) Þ f (– 2) – g (– 2) = 2
(x1 + x2)2 = (sina – 2)2 = sin2a + 4 – 4 sina Þ 4a – 2b + c – 4a1 + 2b1 – c1 = 2
Þ 4 (a – a1) – 2 (b – b1) + (c – c1) = 2 ...(iii)
Þ x12 + x22 = sin 2 a + 4 - 4sin a - 2 x1 x2 From equations, (i), (ii) and (iii)
= sin2a + 4 – 4 sina + 2 (1 + sina)
1
= sin2a – 2 sina + 6 ...(i) a - a1 = c - c1 = ( b - b1 ) = 2
2

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Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations M-51

Now, p ( 2) = f ( 2) - g (2) Þ 12 b2 (3 c2 – 2 c2+ y ) ³ 0 [Q b2 ³ 0]

Þ c2 + y ³ 0 Þ y ³ – c2
= 4 ( a - a1 ) + 2 ( b - b1 ) + ( c - c1 )
But from eqn. (i), c2 < 4ab or – c2 > – 4ab
= 8 + 8 + 2 = 18 \ we get y ³ – c2 > – 4ab
114. (a) Let the correct equation be
Þ y > – 4 ab
ax 2 + bx + c = 0
Now, Sachin’s equation 118. (c) Let a and b are roots of the equation
x2 + ax + 1 = 0
ax 2 + bx + c ' = 0
Given that, roots found by Sachin’s are 4 and 3 a + b = – a and ab = 1

b Given that | a - b | < 5

Þ - =7 ....(i)
a
Þ (a + b)2 - 4ab < 5
Rahul’s equation, ax 2 + b ' x + c = 0
Given that roots found by Rahul’s are 3 and 2 (Q (a - b) 2 = (a + b ) 2 - 4ab )
c
Þ =6 ...(ii) Þ a 2 - 4 < 5 Þ a2 – 4 < 5
a
Þ a2 – 9 < 0 Þ a2 < 9 Þ – 3 < a < 3
From (i) and (ii), roots of the correct equation
Þ a Î (–3, 3)
x 2 - 7 x + 6 = 0 are 6 and 1.
119. (c) Given equation is x 2 - 2mx + m 2 - 1 = 0
115. (c) Since both the roots of given quadratic equation lie
in the line Re z = 1 i.e., x = 1, hence real part of both the Þ ( x - m) 2 - 1 = 0
roots are 1.
Let both roots be 1 + ia and 1 – ia Þ ( x - m + 1)( x - m - 1) = 0
Product of the roots, 1 + a2 = b Þ x = m - 1, m + 1
Q a +1 ³ 1
2
m – 1 > –2 and m + 1 < 4
\b ³ 1 Þ Q b Î (1, ¥) Þ m > - 1 and m < 3 Þ -1 < m < 3

1± 1- 4 120. (b) Given that x 2 + px + q = 0

116. (b) x2 - x + 1 = 0 Þ x = Sum of roots = tan30 + tan15 = – p
2
Product of roots = tan30 . tan15 = q
1± 3 i
x= tan30° + tan15° -p
2 tan 45° = Þ =1
1 - tan30°.tan15° 1 - q
1 3
a= +i = -w2 Þ – p = 1- q Þ q - p = 1
2 2
\ 2+ q - p = 3
1 i 3
b= - = -w 121. (d) z2 + z + 1 = 0 Þ = w or w 2
2 2
1
a2009 + b2009 = (-w2 )2009 + (-w)2009 So, z + = w + w 2 = -1
z
= -w2 - w = 1 [Q w3 = 1]
é 1 2 2 ù
117. (b) Given that roots of the equation êëQ z = w and 1 + w + w = 0 úû
bx2 + cx + a = 0 are imaginary
\ c2 – 4ab < 0 ....(i) 1
Let y = 3b2x2 + 6 bc x + 2c2 z2 + = w 2 + w = -1, [Q w3 = 1]
z2
Þ 3b2x2 + 6 bc x + 2c2 – y = 0
1
As x is real, D ³ 0 z3 + 3
= w3 + w3 = 2
z
Þ 36 b2c2 – 12 b2 (2c2 – y ) ³ 0

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 EBD_8344
M-52 Mathematics

1 1 Þ ( x - 2)( x - 1) = 0
z4 + 4
= -1, z 5 + 5
= -1
z z Þ x = 1, 2 Þ x = ±1, ±2
1 \ No.of solution = 4
and z 6 + =2
z6 127. (b) Let one roots of given equation be a
\ The given sum = 1+1 + 4 + 1 + 1 + 4 = 12 \ Second roots be 2a then
æ Pö æ Qö 1 - 3a
122. (b) tan ç ÷ , tan ç ÷ are the roots of ax 2 + bx + c = 0 a + 2a = 3a =
è 2ø è 2ø
a - 5a + 3
2

æ Pö æ Qö b 1 - 3a
tan ç ÷ + tan ç ÷ = - Þ a=
è 2ø è 2ø
( )
a ....(i)
2
3 a - 5a + 3
æ Pö æ Qö c
tan ç ÷ × tan ç ÷ =
è 2ø è 2ø a and a.2a = 2a 2 = 2
2
a - 5a + 3
æ Pö æ Qö
tan ç ÷ + tan ç ÷ é 1 (1 - 3a)2 ù
è 2ø è 2ø æ P Qö 2
= tan ç + ÷ = 1 \ 2ê ú= 2
æ Pö æ Qö è 2 2ø 2 2
ëê (a - 5a + 3) ûú a - 5a + 3
9
1 - tan ç ÷ tan ç ÷
è 2ø è 2ø
[from (i)]

é pù (1 - 3a) 2
êëQ P + Q = 2 úû =9
(a 2 - 5a + 3)
b Þ 9a 2 - 6a + 1 = 9 a 2 - 45a + 27
-
a =1 b a-c
Þ Þ - = 2
c
1- a a Þ 39 a = 26 Þ a =
a 3
Þ –b=a–c Þ c=a+b 128. (d) Given that Z 2 + aZ + b = 0 ;
123. (d) Let a , a + 1 be roots Z1 + Z 2 = - a & Z1Z 2 = b
Then a + a + 1 = b = sum of roots
a (a + 1) = c = product of roots 0, Z1, Z 2 form an equilateral triangle
\ b 2 - 4c = (2a + 1)2 - 4a (a + 1) = 1 . \ 02 + Z12 + Z 2 2 = 0.Z1 + Z1.Z 2 + Z 2 .0
2
124. (d) Given that 4 is a root of x + px + 12 = 0 (for an equilateral triangle,
Þ 16 + 4 p + 12 = 0 Þ p = -7 Z12 + Z 22 + Z32 = Z1Z 2 + Z 2 Z 3 + Z3Z1 )
Now, the equation x 2 + px + q = 0 Þ Z12 + Z 2 2 = Z1Z 2
has equal roots.
\D =0 Þ ( Z1 + Z 2 ) 2 = 3Z1Z 2

p 2 49 \ a 2 = 3b
Þ p - 4q = 0 Þ q = =
2
4 4 129. (a) p + q = – p Þ q = 2p
125. (c) Let the second root be a. and pq = q Þ q (p – 1) = 0

Then a + (1 - p ) = - p Þ a = -1 Þ q = 0 or p = 1.
If q = 0, then p = 0.
Also a.(1 - p) =1 - p or p = 1, then q = –2.
Þ (a - 1)(1 - p) = 0 Þ p =1 [Q a = -1] c 9
130. (a) Product of real roots = = > 0, " t Î R
\ Roots are a = -1 and 1 - p = 0 a t2
126. (c) Given that \ Product of real roots is always positive.
x 2 - 3 x + 2 = 0 Þ| x |2 -3 | x | +2 = 0

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Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations M-53

131. (a) Let a and b are r oots of th e equation For x2 – 2bx – 10 = 0

x2 + ax + b = 0 and g and d be the roots of the equation x2 a + b = 2b ...(ii)
+ bx + a = 0 respectively. and ab = – 10 ...(iii)
\ a + b = –a, ab = b and g + d = –b, g d = a. b
Given |a – b| = |g – d| Þ (a – b)2 = (g – d)2 a= is also root of x2 – 2bx – 10 = 0
a
Þ (a+ b)2 – 4ab = (g + d)2 – 4gd
Þ b2 – 2ab2 – 10a2 = 0
Þ a2 – 4b = b2 – 4a By eqn. (i) Þ 5a – 10a2 – 10a2 = 0
Þ (a2 – b2) + 4(a – b)= 0 Þ 20a2 = 5a
Þ a+ b+4=0 (Q a ¹ b)
1 5
132. (a) Given that a2 = 5a – 3 and b2 = 5b – 3; Þ a = and b2 =
4 4
Þ a & b are roots of equation, x2 = 5x – 3
or x2 – 5x + 3 = 0 a2 = 20 and b2 = 5
\ a + b = 5 and ab = 3 Now, a2 + b2 = 5 + 20 = 25
135. (b) Let, the roots of the equation, x2 + (2 – l) x + (10 – l)
a b = 0 are a and b.
Thus, the equation whose roots are and is
b a Also roots of the given equation are

æ a b ö ab l – 2 ± 4 – 4 l + l 2 – 40 + 4l l – 2 ± l 2 – 36
x2 - x ç + ÷ + =0 =
è b aø ab 2 2

æ a 2 + b2 ö The magnitude of the difference of the roots is l 2 – 36

Þ x2 - x ç ÷ +1 = 0
è ab ø
(l – 2)3 3 (l – 2) (l 2 – 36)
or 3x2 – 19x +3 = 0 So, a3 + b3 = +
4 4
P
(l – 2) (4l 2 – 4l – 104)
= = (l – 2) (l 2 – l – 26) = f (l )
5r2 5r 4
133. (c)
Q R As f (l) attains its minimum value at l = 4.
5 Therefore, the magintude of the difference of the roots is
DPQR is possible if |i 20 |= 2 5
5 + 5r > 5r2 136. (b) | z – (3 – 2i) | £ 4 represents a circle whose centre is
Þ 1 + r > r2 (3, – 2) and radius = 4.
Þ r2 – r – 1 < 0 | z | = | z – 0 | represents the distance of point ‘z’ from origin
(0, 0)
æ 1 5öæ 1 5ö y
Þ çr - 2 + 2 ÷ çr - 2 - 2 ÷ < 0
è øè ø

æ - 5 + 1 5 + 1ö
Þ r Îç , R
è 2 2 ø÷ 4
x
O
7 æ - 5 + 1 5 + 1ö 7 G (3 , –2 )
Ï , \ r¹
4 çè 2
Q
2 ø÷ 4
4
134. (a) ax2 – 2bx + 5 = 0, S
If a and a are roots of equations, then sum of roots
2b b
2a = Þ a=
a a
Suppose RS is the normal of the circle passing through
5 b2
5 origin ‘O’ and G is its center (3, – 2).
and product of roots = a =
2
Þ 2= Here, OR is the least distance
a a a
and OS is the greatest distance
Þ b2 = 5a (a ¹ 0) ...(i)
OR = RG – OG and OS = OG + GS ...(i)

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 EBD_8344
M-54 Mathematics

As, RG = GS = 4
139. (b) Let a, b be the common roots of both the
OG = 32 + ( - 2) 2 = 9 + 4 = 13 equations.
For first equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 ,
From (i), OR = 4 - 13 and OS = 4 + 13 we have

( ) (
So, required difference = 4 + 13 - 4 - 13 ) a+b=
-b
...(i)
a
= 13 + 13 = 2 13
c
a.b = ...(ii)
a
137. (c) x 2 + bx - 1 = 0 common root
For second equation 2 x 2 + 3 x + 4 = 0 ,
x2 + x + b = 0
we have
- - -
b +1 -3
x= a+b= ...(iii)
b -1 2
2
b +1 a.b= ...(iv)
Put x = in equation 1
b -1 Now, from (i) & (iii) & from (ii) & (iv)
2
æ b + 1 ö æ b +1 ö -b -3 c 2
ç ÷ +ç ÷ +b =0 = =
è b - 1 ø è b -1 ø a 2 a 1
(b + 1)2 + (b + 1) (b – 1) + b (b – 1)2 = 0 b 3/ 2
=
b2 + 1 + 2b + b2 – 1 + b (b2 – 2b + 1) = 0 a 1
2b2 + 2b + b3– 2b2 + b = 0 3
b3 + 3b = 0 Therefore on comparing we get a = 1, b = &c=2
2
b(b2 + 3) = 0 putting these values in first equation, we get
b2 = – 3
3
b = ± 3i x2 + x + 2 = 0 or 2 x 2 + 3x + 4 = 0
2
|b| = 3 from this, we get a = 2, b = 3; c = 4
138. (d) We have or a : b : c = 2 : 3 : 4
2 2
140. (a) Given equations are
f (x) = x + 2bx + 2c x2 + 2x + 3 = 0 …(i)
and g(x) = - x 2 - 2cx + b2 , ( x Î R ) ax2 + bx + c = 0 …(ii)
Roots of equation (i) are imaginary roots in order pair.
Þ f (x) = ( x + b)2 + 2c2 - b2 According to the question (ii) will also have both roots
same as (i). Thus
and g(x) = -( x + c) + b + c
2 2 2

Now, fmin = 2c2 – b2 and gmax = b2 + c2 a b c

= = = l (say)
Given : min f (x) > max g(x) 1 2 3
Þ a = l, b = 2l, c = 3l
Þ 2c 2 - b 2 > b 2 + c 2
Hence, required ratio is 1 : 2 : 3
Þ c 2 > 2b 2
x-5
Þ |c| > | b | 2 141. (a)
2
> 0 Þ x2 + 5x – 14 < x – 5
x + 5x - 14
|c| c Þ x2 + 4x – 9 < 0
Þ > 2Þ > 2
|b| b Þ a = – 5, – 4, – 3, – 2, – 1, 0, 1
a = – 5 does not satisfy any of the options
c
Î ( 2, ¥) . a = – 4 satisfy the option (a) a2 + 3a – 4 = 0
Þ
b

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Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations M-55

142. (c) x2 – (a + 1) x + a2 + a – 8 = 0
3 x 2 + 9 x + 17
Since roots are different, therefore D > 0 145. (b) y=
Þ (a + 1)2 – 4(a2 + a – 8) > 0 3 x2 + 9 x + 7
Þ (a – 3) (3a + 1) < 0
3x 2 ( y - 1) + 9 x( y - 1) + 7 y - 17 = 0
There are two cases arises.
Case I. a – 3 > 0 and 3a + 1 < 0 D³0 Q x is real

Þ a > 3 and a < -

11 81( y - 1) 2 - 4 ´ 3( y - 1)(7 y - 17) ³ 0
3
Hence, no solution in this case Þ ( y - 1)( y - 41) £ 0 Þ 1 £ y £ 41
Case II : a – 3 < 0 and 3a + 11 > 0 \ Max value of y is 41
11 + – +
Þ a < 3 and a > -
3 –8 8
11 1 41
\ - <a<3 Þ –2<a<3
3 146. (c) Given that both roots of quadratic equation are less
than 5 then (i)
4
143. (a) Given that z - =2 Y axis
z

4 4 4 4
z = z- + £ z- + 0
z z z z X axis
x=5
4
Þ z £ 2+
z Discriminant ³ 0
4k2– 4(k2 + k – 5) ³ 0
Þ z 2
–2 z -4£ 0 4k2 – 4k2 – 4k + 20 ³ 0
4k £ 20 Þ k £ 5
æ 2 + 20 ö æ 2 - 20 ö (ii) p(5) > 0
Þ çç z – ÷÷ çç z – ÷÷ £ 0 Þ f(5) > 0 ; 25 – 10 k + k2 + k – 5 > 0
è 2 ø è 2 ø
Þ k2 – 9k + 20 > 0
Þ k (k – 4) –5(k – 4) > 0
Þ (z – (1 + 5) )(z )
– (1 - 5) £ 0 Þ (k – 5) (k – 4) > 0
+ – +
+ – + –¥ ¥
–¥ ¥ 4 5
(1 - 5) (1 + 5) Þ k Î ( – ¥ , 4 ) U (5, ¥ )

(- ) ( )
Sum of roots
Þ 5 +1 £ z £ 5 +1 (iii) <5
2
Þ z = 5 +1 b 2k
max Þ– = <5
2a 2
144. (d) Let the roots of equation x2 – 6x + a = 0 be a and 4
b and that of the equation Þ k<5
The intersection of (i), (ii) & (iii) gives
x2 –cx + 6 = 0 be a and 3 b .Then
k Î ( – ¥ , 4 ).
a + 4b = 6 ...(i) 4a b = a ...(ii)
and a + 3b = c ...(iii) 3a b = 6 ...(iv) 147. (a) Given equation is x 2 - (a - 2) x - a - 1 = 0
Þ a = 8 (from (ii) and (iv)) Þ a + b = a - 2 ; a b = -(a + 1)
\ The equation becomes x2 – 6x + 8 = 0 a 2 + b2 = (a + b) 2 - 2 a b
Þ (x –2) (x – 4) = 0
= a2 - 2a + 6 = (a - 1)2 + 5
Þ roots are 2 and 4
For min. value of a2 + b2, a – 1 = 0
Þ a = 2, b = 1 \ Common root is 2.
Þ a = 1.

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