Chapter 2

1. Which of the following statements best describes mitosis?

a. Genetic material is quadruplicated, equally divided between four daughter cells
b. Genetic material is duplicated, equally divided between two daughter cells
c. Genetic material is triplicated, equally divided between three daughter cells
d. Genetic material is halved, doubled, then equally divided between two daughter cells

2. When a recessive trait is expressed, it means that:

a. One gene carrying the trait was present.
b. Two genes carrying the trait were present.
c. No gene carrying the trait was present.
d. The trait is present but difficult to observe.

3. In a pedigree, the “index case” is another name for:

a. Stillbirth.
b. Consanguineous mating.
c. Propositus.
d. Monozygotic twins.

4. Which of the following nitrogenous bases make up DNA?

a. Adenine, leucine, guanine, thymine
b. Alanine, cytosine, guanine, purine
c. Isoleucine, lysine, uracil, leucine
d. Adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine

5. Proteins and peptides are composed of:

a. Golgi bodies grouped together.
b. Paired nitrogenous bases.
c. Nuclear basic particles.
d. Linear arrangements of amino acids.

6. Which phenotype(s) could not result from the mating of a Jk(a+b+) female and a Jk(a-b+)
male?
a. Jk(a+b–)
b. Jk(a+b+)
c. Jk(a–b+)
d. Jk(a–b-)

7. Exon refers to:

a. The part of a gene that contains nonsense mutations.
b. The coding region of a gene.
c. The noncoding region of a gene.
d. The enzymes used to cut DNA into fragments.

8. PCR technology can be used to:

a. Amplify small amounts of DNA.
b. Isolate intact nuclear RNA.
c. Digest genomic DNA into small fragments.
d. Repair broken pieces of DNA
9. Transcription can be defined as:
a. Introduction of DNA into cultured cells.
b. Reading of mRNA by the ribosome.
c. Synthesis of RNA using DNA as a template.
d. Removal of external sequences to form a mature RNA molecule.

10. When a male possesses a phenotypic trait that he passes to all his daughters and none of
his sons, the trait is said to be:
a. X-linked dominant.
b. X-linked recessive.
c. Autosomal dominant.
d. Autosomal recessive.

11. When a female possesses a phenotypic trait that she passes to all of her sons and none
of her daughters, the trait is said to be:
a. X-linked dominant.
b. X-linked recessive.
c. Autosomal dominant.
d. Autosomal recessive.

12. DNA is replicated:

a. Semiconservatively from DNA.
b. In a random manner from RNA.
c. By copying protein sequences from RNA.
d. By first copying RNA from protein.

13. RNA is processed:

a. After RNA is copied from DNA template.
b. After protein folding and unfolding on the ribosome.
c. Before DNA is copied from DNA template.
d. After RNA is copied from protein on ribosomes.

14. Translation of proteins from RNA takes place:

a. On the ribosomes in the cytoplasm of the cell.
b. On the nuclear membrane.
c. Usually while attached to nuclear pores.
d. Inside the nucleolus of the cell.

15. Meiosis is necessary to:

a. Keep the N number of the cell consistent within populations.
b. Prepare RNA for transcription.
c. Generate new DNA sequences in daughter cells.
d. Stabilize proteins being translated on the ribosome.