Analysis of simple salt – (Ammonium carbonate)

Experiment Observation Inference

1. Colour: Colour of Colourless. Absence of copper,
the salt is noted Manganese, Nickel and
Ferric.
2. Smell: Smell of the Ammoniacal smell. May be presence of
salt is noted ammonium salt.
3. Action of heat: Ammoniacal smell May be ammonium salts.
A pinch of salt in
the dry test tube is Colourless gas turns lime May be carbonate salt
heated. water milky
4. Flame test:
A pinch of salt is No characteristic colour in Absence copper, barium,
taken in a watch the flame. strontium and calcium.
glass and made into
a paste with Conc.
HCl. Introduced
the paste into
luminous part of
the flame.
5. Ash test:
To the pinch of salt No characteristic coloured Absence of Aluminium,
taken in a test tube, ash. Zinc and Magnesium
few drops of cobalt
nitrate solution is
added. A filter
paper is soaked
into the solution
and burn it until it
turns into ash.
Dry tests:
1. Dil. HCl test: To Brisk effervescence is Presence of carbonate is
the pinch of salt seen and the colourless confirmed.
taken in a test tube, gas when passed through
few drops of Dil. lime water turns milky.
HCl is added.
2. Conc. H2SO4 test: No characteristic Absence of Chloride,
To the pinch of salt observation. Nitrate and acetate.
taken in a test tube,
few drops of Conc.
H2SO4 is added and
heated slightly.
3. MnO2 test: To a No characteristic Absence of chloride.
pinch of a salt in observation.
the test tube add
 half a pinch of
MnO2 and then add
few drops of conc.
H2SO4 and heat.
4. Chromyl chloride No yellow orange Absence of chloride.
test: To the pinch vapours.
of salt taken in a
test tube, a pinch of
potassium
dichromate and few
drops of Conc.
H2SO4 is added and
then heated gently.
5. Copper turning No red brown fumes. Absence of nitrate.
test: To th pinch of
salt taken in a test
tube, add copper
turnings and Conc.
H2SO4 and heated.
6. Ferric chloride test: No red precipitation. Absence of acetate.
To the pinch of salt
taken in a test tube,
add few ml of
neutral ferric
chloride solution
and heated.
7. Ester test: To a No characteristic Absence of acetate.
pinch of salt add observation.
few mL of ethyl
alcohol and few
drops of conc.
H2SO4 and warm
heat it gently.

Preparation of original salt solution (OS): To a pinch of salt taken in a test tube add
10 mL of distilled water and shaken well.
Experiment Observation Inference
1. Silver nitrate test: No characteristic Absence of chloride.
To a part of OS, observation.
add few drops of
silver nitrate
solution.
2. Barium chloride No characteristic Absence of sulphate.
test: To a part of observation.
 OS add BaCl2
solution.
3. Lead acetate test: No characteristic Absence of sulphate.
To a part of OS, observation.
add lead acetate
solution.
4. Brown ring test: To No characteristic Absence of nitrate.
a part of OS, add observation.
twice the part of
freshly prepared
ferrous sulphate
solution and then
add Conc.
Sulphuric acid
slowly along the
inner sides of the
test tube.
5. To the part of OS, No characteristic Absence of phosphate.
add Conc. HNO3 in observation.
excess and allow it
to boil until all the
vapours get
evolved. Then cool
the content slowly
and add ammonium
molybdate reagent.
6. To the part of OS, No characteristic Absence of phosphate.
add dil. HCl and observation.
heat and cool it.
Then add magnesia
mixture to the
content.

Basic radical Analysis - Group Analysis

1. Zero Group radical: Pungent smelling gas Presence of zero group
To a pinch of salt which gives dense white radical – Ammonium.
taken in a test tube, fumes with a glass rod
few drops NaOH dipped in Conc. HCl when
solution is added shown at the mouth of test
and heated. tube.
Confirmatory test: For Ammonium radical:
Experiment Observation Inference
To the OS, Nesslers’s Orange brown precipitate Presence of ammonium
reagent and NaOH of Milon’base is obtained. radical is confirmed.
solution is added.

Result:
1. The given acid radical is Carbonate.
2. The given basic radical is Ammonium.
3. So, the given simple salt is Ammonium carbonate.