I.

FOOD AND DRINKS

KINDS AND TYPES OF FOOD

1. bitter, adj /'bɪtə/ having a sharp, pungent taste or гірка
Unripe berries had an intensely smell; not sweet
bitter flavour.
2. bland, adj /blænd/ unseasoned, mild-tasting, or несмачна, проста
Her dinner tasted bland and insipid
insipid, like warmed cardboard.
3. carve, v /kɑːv/ cut (cooked meat) into slices for нарізати (м’ясо, пиріг)
Andrew began to carve the eating
chicken and serve the slices to
guests.
4. convenience, adj frozen, dried, or canned food that напівфабрикати (їжа
/kən'viːnɪən(t)s/ can be heated and prepared very швидкого
Today we tend to rely on fast- quickly and easily приготування)
food and convenience food.
5. delicious, adj /dɪ'lɪʃəs/ = highly pleasant to the taste смачна, запашна,
yummy, adj (infm) /'jʌmɪ/ приємна
His granny has always had
delicious home-baked brown
bread.
6. done to a turn, adj cooked to exactly the right degree в міру приготована/
The turkey will be done to a turn ідеально приготована
in an hour.
7. fattening, adj /'fæt(ə)nɪŋ/ (of a food) causing an increase in їжа, що спричиняє
Some foods are more fattening the weight of someone who eats ожиріння
than others. it
8. fatty, adj /'fætɪ/ containing a large amount of fat жирна, масляниста їжа
Go easy on fatty foods!
9. (food or drink) is/ has gone food or drink which is not good to зіпсована, зіпсувалась
off, v phr eat or drink any more because it
This bacon smells a bit funny – is too old
do you think it's gone off?
10. high(ly)-seasoned, adj made rich in flavour, as by the гостра, з великою
Their barbecue sauce was addition of spices добавкою спецій
highly seasoned and contained
vinegar, spices, and chilli
pepper.
11. home-made, adj made at home, rather than in a їжа домашнього
She brought us home-made shop or factory вироблення
bread, pastry and mayonnaise.
12. insipid, adj /ɪn'sɪpɪd/ lacking flavour; weak or tasteless прісна, несмачна
The table was full of mugs of
insipid coffee; you can never
find good beverages at such
meetings.
13. junk, adj /ʤʌŋk/ pre-prepared or packaged food неповноцінна їжа (у
A research found that children that has low nutritional value закусочних)
no longer regard junk food as a
treat but as part of their daily
diet.
14. nutritious, adj /njuː'trɪʃəs/ = food that contains substances поживна
nourishing, adj /'nʌrɪʃɪŋ/ which help a body to be healthy
We were offered a simple but
nourishing meal that gave us
enough strength to continue the
journey.
15. overcooked, adj = overdone, cook too much or for too long переварена/
adj /ˌəʊvə'dʌn/ пересмажена
He sat there chewing his
overdone steak, which now
resembled a sole of a shoe.
16. preserve, n /prɪ'zɜːv/ a food made from fruit or варення; консервовані
He then opened a jar of cherry vegetables boiled with sugar and продукти
preserve, spooned some out, water until it becomes a firm
and put it in his mouth.
sauce
17. raw, adj /rɔː/ not cooked сира їжа
He used to have a raw egg
every morning.
18. salty, adj /'sɔːltɪ/ tasting of, containing, or солона
His culinary staple consisted of preserved with salt
fatty salty foods such as ham
and bacon.
19. savoury, adj /'seɪv(ə)rɪ/ belonging to the category which пряна, гостра, пікантна
Mexican cuisine is best known is salty or spicy rather than sweet
for savoury dishes.
20. seasoned (with), adj having had salt, pepper, herbs, or приправлена
/'siːz(ə)nd/ spices added
Toss the chicken in the
seasoned flour to coat it.
21. sour, adj /'saʊə/ having gone bad because of прокисла
Don’t drink that milk! It’s gone fermentation
sour!
22. spicy, adj /'spaɪsɪ/ = hot, adj flavoured with or fragrant with приправлена спеціями
/hɒt/ spice
This is a spicy tomato and
coriander sauce.
23. stale, adj /steɪl/ no longer fresh and pleasant to черства (хліб)
The bread was stale so he eat; hard, musty, or dry
decided to buy a fresh loaf.
24. stodgy, adj /'stɒʤɪ/ very solid and heavy food that важка їжа
He was disgusted with the makes you feel very full, and is
stodgy pizzas on sale in difficult to digest
London.
25. takeaway, adj (also n) hot cooked food that you buy їжа на винос
/'teɪkəweɪ/ from a shop or restaurant and eat
They had a Chinese takeaway somewhere else
for dinner.
26. tasteless, adj /'teɪstləs/ lacking flavour прісна, ніяка, без смаку
The fish she cooked was mushy
and tasteless.
27. tasty, adj /'teɪstɪ/ having a pleasant, distinct flavour смачна
His Mom made us a tasty,
healthy snack.
28. tinned, adj /tɪnd/ (BrE) = preserved or supplied in a sealed консервована їжа
canned, adj /kænd/ (AE) can (консерви)
Students donated fruit and
vegetables along with tinned
food to help those in need.
29. underdone, adj = insufficiently cooked недоварена/
undercooked, adj недосмажена
The second batch of bread came
out underdone; it looked fine
but was difficult to chew.
30. wholesome, adj /'həʊls(ə)m/ conducive to or suggestive of корисний, здоровий
The food in her house is good health and physical well-
plentiful and very wholesome. being

HOW TO COOK FOOD

31. bake, v /beɪk/ cook (food) by dry heat without випікати, пекти
They bake their own bread and direct exposure to a flame,
cakes in this café. typically in an oven
32. beat, v /biːt/ to mix eggs, cream, or butter збивати (яйця)
Beat the eggs and sugar until thoroughly using a fork or beater
they start to thicken.
33. boil, v /bɔɪl/
1) Boil the potatoes until well 1) cook or be cooked by 1) варити
done. immersing in boiling water or
stock
2) The kettle boiled and he filled 2) heat or be heated until the 2) кип’ятити
the teapot. liquid inside starts to boil
34. braise, v /breɪz/ fry (food) lightly and then stew it тушити щось,
I braised some beans to slowly in a closed container попередньо його
accompany a shoulder of lamb. обсмаживши
35. chop, v /ʧɒp/ cut (something) into pieces with рубати; кришити;
Chop the onions very finely. repeated sharp blows of an axe or нарізати, шаткувати
knife
36. crack, v /kræk/ break or cause to break open or розколювати
She cracked an egg into the apart
frying pan.
37. crush, v /krʌʃ/ press something very hard so that давити, чавити
Peel the garlic and crush it with its shape is destroyed or so that it
the pestle in the mortar. breaks into pieces
38. deep-fry, v /ˌdiːp'fraɪ/ fry (food) in an amount of fat or смажити у фритюрі
Heat the oil and deep-fry the oil sufficient to cover it
fish fillets. completely
39. dice, v /daɪs/ cut (food or other matter) into нарізати кубиками
Add the crushed garlic and small cubes
remaining diced vegetables.
40. dip, v /dɪp/ put something into the liquid for занурювати
They always dip the food into a short time, so that only part of it
the sauce before they eat it. is covered, and take it out again
41. drain, v /dreɪn/ = strain, v remove the liquid that the food осушувати,
/streɪn/ has been in, especially after it has проціджувати
Drain the pasta well, arrange been cooked or soaked in water
on four plates and pour over the
sauce.
42. dress (salad), v to you cover a salad with a приправляти/
Scatter the tomato over, and mixture of oil, vinegar, and herbs заправляти (салат
then dress the salad. or flavourings олією і т.д.)
43. filling, n /'fɪlɪŋ/ an edible substance placed начинка
Spread some of the filling over between the layers of a sandwich,
each cold pancake and then cake, or other foodstuff
either roll or fold.
44. grate, v /ɡreɪt/ to rub food over a metal tool терти на тертці
Grate 100 grams of cheese into called a grater so that it is cut into
a mixing bowl. very small pieces
45. grill, v (BrE) /ɡrɪl/ = broil, v cook food using very strong heat смажити на відкритому
(AE) /brɔɪl/ directly above or below it вогні; смажити на
Apart from peppers and рашпері
aubergines, many other
vegetables grill well.
46. grind, v /ɡraɪnd/ reduce (something) to small молоти, розмелювати,
Grind some black pepper over particles or powder by crushing it перемелювати
the salad.
47. knead, v /niːd/ to press and squeeze dough or місити, замішувати
Lightly knead the mixture on a other food with your hands so (тісто)
floured surface. that it becomes smooth and ready
to cook
48. mash, v /mæʃ/ reduce (a food or other давити, розминати
Mash the banana with a fork substance) to a pulpy mass by (картоплю), чавити
before you give it to the baby. crushing it
mashed potatoes, v /ˌmæʃt a dish of potatoes that have been картопляне пюре
pə'teɪtəʊz/ boiled and mashed, typically
Mr. Jones thought about the prepared with milk and butter
remark until he finished serving
the roast beef and mashed
potatoes.
49. mince, v /mɪns/ cut up (food, especially meat) подрібнювати (м’ясо на
Perhaps I’ll buy a piece of meat into very small pieces, typically фарш)
and mince it myself to make in a machine
meatballs.
50. mix, v combine or put together to form змішувати
Mix the cinnamon with the rest one substance or mass
of the sugar.
51. peel, v /piːl/ remove the outer covering or skin знімати шкірочку,
Peel off the skins and thickly from (a fruit, vegetable, or шкурку; чистити
slice the potatoes. prawn) фрукти, овочі
52. pluck, v /plʌk/ pull the feathers from (a bird’s обскубувати
She looked concentrated as she carcass) to prepare it for cooking
plucked a chicken.
53. roast, v /rəʊst/ cook (food, especially meat) by запікати, смажити
She was going to roast a leg of prolonged exposure to heat in an
mutton for Sunday dinner. oven or over a fire
54. roll out, phr v flatten or spread (something) by качати, розкочувати
Roll out the dough on a surface using a roller or by passing it (тісто)
dusted with flour. between rollers
55. sauté, v /'səʊteɪ/ fry quickly in a little hot fat смажити на повільному
Sauté the onions in the olive oil. вогні
56. scale, v /skeɪl/ remove scale or scales from знімати (луску); лущити
He scales the fish and removes (горох)
the innards.
57. scramble, v /'skræmbl/ cook (eggs) by beating them with збовтувати
Make the toast and scramble a little liquid and then cooking
the eggs. and stirring them gently
scrambled eggs, n a dish of eggs prepared by омлет
Mary always has a toast with beating them with a little liquid
either scrambled eggs or sunny and then cooking and stirring
side up eggs for breakfast.
gently
58. scrape, v /skreɪp/ drag or pull a hard or sharp object чистити, шкребти
Remove the green tops from the across (a surface) so as to remove
carrots and scrape them. dirt or other matter
59. season, v /'siːz(ə)n/ add salt, herbs, pepper, or other приправляти, надавати
Season the soup to taste with spices to (food) смаку, гостроти (їжі)
salt and pepper.
60. shell (nuts/ peas/ hard- remove the shell or pod from (a чистити
boiled eggs), v nut or seed)
They were shelling peas in the
kitchen.
61. shred, v /ʃred/ cut food or tear it into very small, різати, кромсати
Finely shred the carrots, narrow pieces (шаткувати капусту)
cabbage and apples and add
everything into salad.
62. simmer, v /'sɪmə/ cook food by keeping it at boiling кип’ятити на
Turn the heat down so the sauce point or just below boiling point повільному вогні
simmers gently.
63. sift, v /sɪft/ = sieve, v /sɪv/ put (a substance) through a sieve сіяти, просіювати
Sift the flour and baking powder so as to remove lumps or large
into a medium-sized mixing particles
bowl.
64. skin, v /skɪn/ remove the skin from (an animal здирати шкіру,
He was skinning a rabbit with or a fruit or vegetable) лушпиння
the expertise of a chef.
65. slice, v /slaɪs/ cut (something, especially food) нарізати тонкими
Helen sliced the birthday cake. into thin pieces шматочками
66. snip, v /snɪp/ cut something quickly using відрізати ножицями
Have you seen the scissors? I sharp scissors
want to snip off this loose
thread.
67. spread, v /spred/ cover (a surface) with a мазати, намазувати
Spread each slice thinly with substance in an even layer
mayonnaise.
68. sprinkle, v /'sprɪŋkl/ scatter or pour (small drops or бризкати, кропити;
Cheese can be sprinkled on egg particles of a substance) over an посипати
or vegetable dishes. object or surface
69. squeeze, v /skwiːz/ extract (liquid or a soft здавлювати,
Mark squeezed a couple of substance) from something by вичавлювати,
oranges to make fresh juice. compressing or twisting it firmly видавлювати
70. stew, v /stjuː/ cook or be cooked slowly in тушкувати
She served her guests beef liquid in a closed dish or pan
stewed in wine.
71. stir, v /stɜː/ move a spoon or other implement мішати, помішувати
Stir the batter until it is evenly around in (a liquid or other
combined. substance) in order to mix it
thoroughly
72. stuff (with), v fill (the cavity of an item of food) начиняти, фарширувати
They were going to cook a with a savoury or sweet mixture,
chicken stuffed with mushrooms especially before cooking
and breadcrumbs.
73. stuffing, n /'stʌfɪŋ/ a mixture of food that is put начинка
Chestnuts can be used at inside poultry such as a chicken,
Christmas time, as a stuffing for or a vegetable such as a pepper,
turkey or chicken.
before it is cooked
74. whip, v /wɪp/ to stir something liquid such as збивати (вершки, білки)
Whip the cream until thick. cream or an egg very fast until it
is thick or stiff
75. whisk, v /wɪsk/ beat or stir (a substance, збивати (білки тощо)
In a separate bowl, whisk especially cream or eggs) with a
together the remaining sugar light, rapid movement
and the yolks.

KITCHEN UTENSILS
76. kitchen utensils, n pl /'kɪʧɪn tools, containers, or other кухонний посуд,
juː'tenslz/ articles, used in a kitchen приладдя
There was a selection of kitchen
utensils – spoons, spatulas and
whisks in the drawer.
77. bread bin, n a container for keeping bread in хлібниця
 As the bread bin was empty I
had to go to the backer’s.
78. casserole (dish), n /'kæsərəʊl/ a large heavy container with a lid каструля з кераміки або
Place all the chopped жароміцного скла
vegetables into a casserole
dish.
79. coaster, n /'kəʊstə/ a small mat that you put підставка для склянки
Sophie always makes me put my underneath a glass or cup to або чашки
glass on a coaster. protect the surface of a table
80. colander, n /'kʌləndə/ = a container in the shape of a bowl друшляк
strainer, n /'streɪnə/ with holes in it which you wash
After four minutes, pour the or drain food in
pasta into a colander to drain.
81. frying pan, n a shallow pan with a long handle, сковорода з ручкою
With my favourite non-stick used for cooking food in hot fat
frying pan, I really don’t need or oil
to use much fat for frying.
82. gravy boat, n /'ɡreɪvɪˌ bəʊt/ a long, narrow jug used for соусник
I have been looking for a gravy serving gravy
boat that keeps the gravy warm.
83. ladle, n /'leɪdl/ a large, round, deep spoon with a черпак
Maria filled a bowl with soup, long handle, used for serving
putting into it the lion’s share of soup, stew, or sauce
chopped meat and vegetables
which her ladle scraped from
the bottom of the pot.
84. mixing bowl, n a large bowl used for mixing глибока миска для
Sift the flour into a medium ingredients змішування
mixing bowl and rub in the
butter until the mixture
resembles breadcrumbs.
85. pan, n /pæn/ a round metal container, which is каструля
Heat the butter and oil in a used for cooking things in,
large pan. usually on top of a cooker or
stove
86. pepper pot, n /'pepəˌpɒt/ a small container with holes in перечниця
(BrE) = pepper shaker, n the top, used for shaking pepper
(AE) onto food
She took the pepper shaker and
smashed it against the ground.
87. place mat, n a small mat underneath a підставка під тарілку
Their new collection has person’s dining plate, used to
expanded to tabletop protect the table from the heat of
accessories including
placemats and napkins. the plate and food
88. pressure cooker, n a large metal container with a lid скороварка; варильний
/'preʃəˌkʊkə/ that fits tightly, in which you can автоклав
Foods actually cook three to ten cook food quickly using steam at
times faster in a pressure high pressure
cooker.
89. rolling pin, n a cylinder that you roll качалка
Take some of this chalk out to backwards and forwards over
the kitchen and crush it to a fine uncooked pastry in order to make
powder with a rolling pin.
the pastry flat
90. salt cellar, n /'sɔːltˌselə/ (BrE) a small container for salt with a сільничка
= salt shaker, n (AE) hole or holes in the top for
You tip the salt cellar at the shaking salt onto food
edge of your plate, and deposit
just the right amount of salt
there.
91. saucepan, n /'sɔːspən/ a deep cooking pan, typically каструля з довгою
Place the potatoes and turnips round, made of metal, and with ручкою
in a large saucepan, cover with one long handle and a lid
cold water and bring to the boil.
92. spatula, n /'spætjʊlə/ an object like a knife with a wide, лопаточка
Spoon the batter into the flat blade used in cooking
prepared pan, smoothing over
the top with a spatula.
93. sugar bowl, n /'ʃʊɡə bəʊl/ a small bowl in which sugar is цукорниця
Ruth gently moved the sugar kept
bowl out of her husband’s
reach.
94. tea towel, n (BrE) = dish a cloth for drying washed кухонне полотенце
towel, n (AE) crockery, cutlery, and glasses
Place both ovals on a greased
sheet, cover with a damp tea
towel, and leave to prove for
about an hour, or until doubled
in size.
95. whisk, n /wɪsk/ a kitchen tool used for whisking віничок, збивачка
Using a whisk, mix the yolks eggs or cream
and sugar to a smooth paste.

BREAD AND PASTRY

96. pastry, n /'peɪstrɪ/ a food made from flour, fat, and борошняні
Ann makes delicious pastry – water that is mixed together, кондитерські вироби
you should try her apple pie. rolled flat, and baked in the oven
97. bagel, n /'beɪɡəl/ a ring-shaped bread roll бублик
Bagels and pitta bread will be a
welcome change.
98. batter, n /'bætə/ a semi-liquid mixture of flour, бездріжджове, рідке
I always mix pancake batter in egg, and milk or water, used for тісто
this bowl. making pancakes or for coating
food before frying
99. biscuit, n /'bɪskɪt/ (BrE) = a small flat cake that is crisp and сухе печиво
cookie, n (AE) /'kʊkɪ/ usually sweet
We had tea and biscuits at half
past three.
100. bread with bran /bræn/, n bread made with the outer з висівками
Bread with bran is good for covering of grain that is separated
your body. when making white flour; it
contains a lot of the fibre needed
for a healthy body
101. bread crumbs /krʌm/, n pl a small fragment of bread, cake, хлібні крихти
This dish is typically sautéed in or biscuit
garlic and butter and often
topped with bread crumbs.
102. brown bread, n = rye bread, bread made with rye flour, чорний/ житній хліб
n typically dark in colour and with
Rye bread is typically denser a dense, chewy texture
than bread made from wheat
flour.
103. croissant, n /'krwɑːsɑːŋ/ a French crescent-shaped roll рогалик
Croissants and other crescent- made of sweet flaky yeast dough,
shaped pastry are made of eaten for breakfast
layered yeast-leavened dough.
104. cupcake, n /'kʌpkeɪk/ a small cake baked in a cup- (маленький) кекс
For cupcakes, place the paper shaped foil or paper container and (випечений у гофрованій
cake cases in a muffin tray. typically iced формочці, покритий
 цукровою глазур’ю/
кремом)
105. dough, n /dəʊ/ a thick, malleable mixture of тісто (густе)
Work the flour and yeast flour and liquid, used for baking
mixture together until you have into bread or pastry
sticky dough.
106. doughnut, n /'dəʊnʌt/ a small fried cake of sweetened пончик; смажений
She asked Peter to wait a dough, typically in the shape of a пиріжок; пампушка
moment, and when she came ball or ring
back from the kitchen she
brought a bag of sandwiches
and doughnuts for us.
107. dumpling, n /'dʌmplɪŋ/ a small lump of dough that is вареник, галушка
We ordered cherry dumplings cooked and eaten, either with
in the restaurant. meat and vegetables or as part of
a sweet pudding
108. icing, n /'aɪsɪŋ/ = frosting, n a sweet substance made from цукрова глазур
Paul made five-year-old powdered sugar that is used to
Michelle a birthday cake with cover and decorate cakes
yellow icing.
109. flour, n /'flaʊə/ a powder obtained by grinding борошно
Add 200 grams of flour and an grain, typically wheat, and used
egg. to make bread, cakes, and pastry
110. gingerbread, n a sweet biscuit or cookie that is імбирний пряник
/'dʒɪndʒəˌbred/ flavoured with ginger; often
In England, gingerbread may made in the shape of a man or an
refer to a cake, or a type of animal
cookie made with ginger.
111. loaf /ləʊf/ of bread, n a quantity of bread that is shaped паляниця, буханець
The tough outer part of a loaf of and baked in one piece and хлібу
bread is called crust. usually sliced before being eaten
112. muffin, n /'mʌfɪn/ a small domed spongy cake made (міні) кекс
Their breakfast consists of with eggs and baking powder
pancakes, blueberry muffins,
eggs, and bacon.
113. roll, n = bun, n a small piece of bread that is булочка
He sipped at his coffee and round or long and is made to be
spread butter and marmalade eaten by one person
on a roll.
114. rusk, n /rʌsk/ a light, dry biscuit or piece of галета, сухар
He brought a large basket of twice-baked bread, especially
rusks or biscuits and three jars one prepared for use as baby food
of fresh water into the boat.
115. scone, n /skəʊn/ a small cake made from flour and ячмінний або
We chatted over tea and scones. fat, usually eaten with butter пшеничний корж,
булочка
116. shortbread, n a crisp, rich, crumbly type of пісочне печиво;
Graham first fell in love with biscuit made with butter, flour, пісочний коржик
cooking while helping his mum and sugar
make cakes, shortbread and
scones at their home.
117. slice of bread, n a thin, broad piece of bread cut шматок, кусень хлібу
There were four slices of bread from a larger portion
left in the bread bin.
118. sponge cake, n /'spʌnʤ ˌkeɪk/ a very light cake made from flour, бісквіт (бісквітний
Place the other sponge cake on eggs, and sometimes fat торт, бісквітне
top and spread with the тістечко)
remaining whipped cream.
119. waffle, n /'wɒfl/ a small crisp batter cake, baked in вафля
Eating a great waffle is a a waffle iron and eaten hot with
comforting experience – the butter or syrup
satisfying crunch as you bite in,
the warm, sweet, fluffy dough
inside.
120. white bread, n = wheat /wiːt/ bread made with wheat flour білий хліб = пшеничний
bread, n хліб
There is more fibre in rye bread
than in white bread.

KINDS OF PASTA
121. pasta, n /'pæstə/ (BrE), /'pɑ͟ːstə/ a type of food made from a макаронні вироби
(AE) mixture of flour, eggs, and water
Use mint instead of the basil if that is formed into different
you like, and use differently shapes and then boiled
shaped pasta if you have no
fettuccine.
122. macaroni, n /mækə'rəʊnɪ/ pasta in the shape of narrow tubes макарони
The dish of macaroni was left
upon the table, only just tasted
by the royal mouth.
123. noodle, n /'nuːdl/ a very thin, long strip of pasta or локшина
Add noodles, soy sauce and a similar flour paste, eaten with a
oyster sauce and cook until sauce or in a soup
heated through.
124. pasta shells, pl n pasta made in the form макарони у вигляді
Fred runs and gets some pasta resembling or likened to a shell черепашок (мушель)
shells and cheese to feed his
unexpected guests.
125. spaghetti, n /spə'ɡetɪ/ pasta made in long, slender, solid спагеті
As an alternative, instead of strings, between macaroni and
using spaghetti, use pasta shells vermicelli in thickness
instead.
126. vermicelli, n /ˌvɜːmɪ'ʧelɪ/ pasta in the form of long slender вермішель
Place rice vermicelli noodles in threads
a pot, cover with hot water and
allow them to stand until
tender.

DAIRY PRODUCTS
127. dairy product, n /'dɛərɪ food derived from or containing молочні продукти
ˌprɒdʌkt/ milk and its derivatives
I am lactose intolerant, so I
can’t eat anything involving
dairy products.
128. condensed milk, n /kən'denst milk that has been thickened by згущене молоко
ˌmɪlk/ evaporation and sweetened, sold
Ben paused and placed in tins
carefully on the ground his half-
full can of condensed milk with
which he had been absently
toying.
129. cottage cheese, n a soft, white, lumpy cheese made домашній (м’який) сир
Start with a layer of sauce, then from sour milk
a layer of noodles then cottage
cheese.
130. low-fat milk, n milk from which some of the молоко з низьким
To get more magnesium you cream has been removed вмістом жиру
need to eat more leafy greens, ,
nuts, low-fat milk or yogurt,
seafood, and whole grains.
131. pasteurized milk, n milk that has had bacteria пастеризоване молоко
/'pɑːstʃəraɪzd/ removed from it by a special
Proponents of raw milk claim heating process to make it safer to
it’s more nutritious than drink
pasteurized milk, which has
been heated to kill bacteria.
132. processed cheese, n /'prəʊsest cheese that has been specially плавлений сир
ˌʧiːz/ made so that it can be sold and
The consumption of natural stored in large quantities;
cheese in all forms has sometimes sold in the form of
increased over the processed
cheese in the US. single wrapped slices
133. skimmed /skɪmd/ milk, n milk from which the cream has знежирене молоко
Full-fat milk or semi-skimmed been removed
milk work best for this as
skimmed milk tends to turn a
little watery.
134. sour cream, n /'saʊə ˌkriːm/ cream which has been сметана
Spoon sour cream over beans, deliberately fermented by the
leaving about a 1-inch border addition of certain bacteria
of beans around the edge.
135. whole milk, n = full-fat milk, milk with no fat removed незбиране молоко
n
Young kids need all the energy
and protein they can get and
whole milk is just the ticket.

CEREAL
136. cereal, n /'sɪərɪəl/ a grain used for food, for example злакові
I have a glass of fruit juice and wheat, maize, or rye
a bowl of cereal every morning.
137. buckwheat, n /'bʌkwiːt/ an Asian plant of the dock family гречана крупа
They will have their buckwheat that produces starchy seeds
cooked before we reach our
quarters.
138. cornflakes, n pl /'kɔːnfleɪks/ a breakfast cereal consisting of кукурудзяні пластівці
She always has a bowl of toasted flakes made from corn
cornflakes with milk for
breakfast.
139. muesli, n /'mjuːzlɪ/ a mixture of oats and other мюслі
At nine I have breakfast – cereals, dried fruit, and nuts,
muesli with soya milk. eaten with milk at breakfast
140. oatmeal, n /'əʊtmiːl/ meal made from ground oats, вівсяна крупа
Joseph was bending over the used in breakfast cereals or other
fire, peering into a large pan food
that swung above it; and a
wooden bowl of oatmeal stood
on the settle close by.
141. pearl barley, n /'pɜːlˌbɑːlɪ/ barley reduced to small round перлова крупа
We were looked after by an grains by grinding
attentive waitress called
Rebecca, who brought me pearl
barley risotto with wild
mushrooms.
142. porridge, n /'pɒrɪʤ/ a dish consisting of oatmeal or каша
She drank a glass of milk, but another meal or cereal boiled in
the porridge she would not eat, water or milk
saying that she was too weary.
143. semolina, n /ˌsemə'liːnə/ the hard grains left after the манна крупа
He poured semolina into a glass milling of flour, used in puddings
bowl and as it floated to the and in pasta
bottom it reminded him of
snowfall.

MEAT AND MEAT DISHES

144. beef, n /biːf/ the flesh of a cow, bull, or ox, яловичина
Pour the marinade over the beef used as food
and leave it for 24 hours.
145. broth, n /brɒθ/ soup consisting of meat or м’ясний бульйон;
George sat on a chair against vegetable chunks (and often rice) рідкий м’ясний суп з
the wall of his house with a cooked in stock овочами або крупою
bowl of broth on his knees and
a piece of bread in his hand.
146. chop, n /ʧɒp/ a thick slice of meat, especially відбивна котлета
We were served grilled lamb pork or lamb, adjacent to and
chops. often including a rib
147. frankfurter, n /'fræŋkfɜ:tə/ a seasoned smoked sausage made сосиска
Frankfurters have always been of beef and pork
the food of the people, served
with grated horseradish or
mustard.
148. game, n /ɡeɪm/ the flesh of wild mammals or дичина
As men who shot game for food, birds, used as food
they were natural marksmen.
149. ham, n /hæm/ salted or smoked meat from the шинка
Would you like another slice of upper part of a pig's leg
ham?
150. lamb, n /læm/ the flesh of a young sheep used as м’ясо молодого
For chops you need the best food баранчика (ягнятина)
piece of lamb but don’t over-
trim it; leave a little fat on for
flavour.
151. meatball, n /'miːtbɔːl/ a small ball of ground meat фрикаделька, тефтелька
Put all the rest of the meatball variously seasoned and cooked
ingredients, except the olive oil,
into the bowl and squish
everything together until mixed.
152. mince, n /mɪn(t)s/ (BrE) = meat, especially beef, that has м’ясний фарш
ground meat/ beef, n been cut into very small pieces
/'ɡraʊndˌbiːf/ (AE) using a machine
Shepherd’s pie is a dish of
ground meat under a layer of
mashed potato.
153. mutton, n /'mʌt(ə)n/ the flesh of fully grown sheep баранина
The document reveals that the used as food
bishop’s menu would have
included a range of meats, from
mutton and beef to veal and
rabbit.
154. partridge, n /'pɑːtrɪʤ/ a short-tailed game bird with куріпка
Mary served a main course of mainly brown plumage, found
partridge to her guests. chiefly in Europe and Asia
155. pâté, n /'pæteɪ/ a rich, savoury paste made from паштет, паста
There were a couple pieces of finely minced or mashed
cold goose, a pheasant, a dish ingredients, typically seasoned
of pâté with a group of ancient
and cobwebby bottles. meat or fish
156. pig in the blanket, n frankfurters or small sausages сосиска в тісті
wrapped in dough and baked
 They had pigs in the blanket as
an appetiser.
157. pork, n /pɔːk/
I much prefer chicken to beef or
pork.
158. sausage, n /'sɒsɪʤ/
She sliced off a piece of
sausage.
159. stock, n /stɒk/
Add a pint of chicken stock to
the dish.
160. turkey, n /'tɜːkɪ/
It’s a proper Christmas dinner,
with turkey and bread or
cranberry sauce.
161. veal, n /viːl/
This dish consists of pork,
chicken and veal cooked in
yogurt and garlic.
162. venison, n /'venɪs(ə)n/ the flesh of a deer used as food
That same evening within a
forest glade a group of men sat
round a fire roasting venison
and making merry.
KINDS OF FISH
163. anchovy, n /'ænʧəvɪ/
He opened a tin of anchovies to
feed a stray cat.
164. caviar, n /'kævɪɑː/
The chefs meanwhile offer up
such delights as caviar, oysters
and kangaroo steak.
165. eel, n /iːl/
The woman proved to be cross
and bad-tempered, perhaps
because she had only caught
one red eel during all the day.
166. herring, n /'herɪŋ/
The fish were all quite small,
generally about the size of a
herring, and of every variety.
167. mackerel, n /'mækr(ə)l/
Bay leaf is an excellent herb for back
mackerel.
168. salmon, n /'sæmən/
He gave them a splendid lunch for its pink flesh
of smoked salmon.
169. sardine, n /sɑː'diːn/
They opened a tin of sardines.
170. seafood, n /'siːfuːd/
The processing method of mussels,
seafood differs from country to sometimes other sea creatures,
country and even from region to
region.
171. trout, n /traʊt/
the flesh of a pig used as food свинина
a cylindrical tube of minced pork, ковбаса
beef, or other meat seasoned and
cooked or preserved, sold mainly
to be eaten cold in slices
liquid made by cooking bones міцний бульйон на
(and meat) slowly in water, used кістках
as a basis for the preparation of
soup, gravy, or sauces
meat of a large mainly індичатина
domesticated game bird, having a
bald head and (in the male) red
wattles
the flesh of a young calf, used as телятина
food
оленина
very small fish with a strong salty кілька, анчоус, хамса
taste
the salted eggs of a fish called a ікра
sturgeon or other large fish, eaten
as a delicacy
a long, thin fish that looks like a вугор
snake
a fairly small silvery fish which is оселедець
most abundant in coastal waters
and is of widespread commercial
importance
a sea fish with a dark, patterned скумбрія, макрель
a large edible fish much prized лосось європейський,
сьомга
a kind of small sea fish, often сардина
eaten as food
shellfish such as lobsters, морепродукти
and crabs, and
served as food
chiefly freshwater fish of the форель
salmon family, found in both
 Thousands of young salmon
and trout have been killed by
pollution.
172. tuna, n /'tjuːnə/
Schools of tuna tend to swim
below frolicking dolphins.
Eurasia and North America and
highly valued for food
large fish that live in warm seas тунець
and are caught for food

KINDS OF SHELLFISH
173. crayfish, n /'kreɪfɪʃ/ (BrE) = a small shellfish with five pairs of річковий рак; лангуст
crawfish, n /'krɔːfɪʃ/ (AE) legs which lives in rivers and
We saw several crayfish, which streams
had apparently been washed in
by the storm earlier in the week.
174. mussel, n /'mʌs(ə)l/ a kind of shellfish with a brown мідія
There were mussels thrown or purplish-black shell
upon the beach in stormy
weather.
175. oyster, n /'ɔɪstə/ a large flat shellfish; some can be устриця
He had two dozen oysters and eaten and others produce
enjoyed every one of them. valuable objects called pearls
176. prawn, n /prɔːn/ (BrE) = small shellfish with long tail and креветка
shrimp, n /ʃrɪmp/ (AE) many legs
Prawns are grey when they’re
raw, and turn pink when they’re
cooked.
177. shellfish, n /'ʃelfɪʃ/ small creatures that live in the sea їстівні молюски
Fish and shellfish are the and have a shell
specialities of this restaurant.

VEGETABLES AND ROOTS

178. artichoke, n /'ɑːtɪʧəʊk/ round green vegetable that has артишок
Artichoke is actually a variety fleshy leaves arranged like the
of a species of thistle cultivated petals of a flower
as a food.
179. asparagus, n /əs'pærəɡəs/ a tall plant of the lily family with столова спаржа
It was a bountiful meal – there fine feathery foliage, cultivated
were mashed potatoes, chopped for its edible shoots
and stewed asparagus, thick
slices of bread and a pitcher of
milk.
180. aubergine, n /'əʊbəʤiːn/ the purple egg-shaped fruit of a баклажан
(BrE) = eggplant, n /'eɡplɑːnt/ tropical Old World plant, which
(AE) is eaten as a vegetable
Heat a large frying pan or wok
and fry off the vegetables in
turn, aubergines first then
courgettes.
181. bean, n /biːn/ an edible seed, typically kidney- квасоля
Baked beans are cooked in shaped, growing in long pods on
tomato sauce in Britain and certain plants
with salt pork in North
America.
182. beetroot, n /'biːtruːt/ (BrE) = a dark red root that is eaten as a буряк
beet, n (AE) vegetable
Apart from the fact it tastes
delicious, I like beetroot for its
vibrant and festive colour.
183. broccoli, n /'brɒkəlɪ/ a vegetable with green stalks and броколі, капуста
The vegetable garden is doing green or purple tops спаржева
quite well, with broccoli,
 onions, cabbage and garlic all
starting to grow.
184. Brussels sprout, n vegetables that look like tiny брюссельська капуста
/'brʌs(ə)lzˌspraʊt/
Vegetables like cabbage,
Brussels sprouts, cauliflower,
and turnips may reduce the risk
of cancerous tumours.
185. cabbage, n /'kæbɪʤ/
John planted some spinach,
green peppers and cabbages
according to eco-friendly
principles.
186. carrot, n /'kærət/
There was a half-eaten raw
carrot on the table near him.
187. cauliflower, n /'kɒlɪˌflaʊə/
When the cauliflower is done,
divide it between 4 serving
plates, then spoon the sauce
over it.
188. celery, n /'selərɪ/
She was so hungry that she even
tried to chew on a stick of
celery.
189. corn on the cob, n
By late afternoon the dishes had
been washed and the steak,
mashed potatoes, corn-on-the-
cob and pumpkin pie had
already been memories.
190. courgette, n /kʊə'ʒet/ (BrE) =
zucchini, n /zʊ'kiːnɪ/ (AE)
It did look quite appetising – a
mountain of rice with
courgettes, peppers and onions
blended together by a tomato
sauce.
191. cucumber, n /'kjuːkʌmbə/
Peel the cucumber and chop it
into small cubes.
192. fennel, n /'fen(ə)l/
Once your fennel plants are
anywhere from knee to waist
level, feel free to cut the side
stalks.
193. garlic, n /'ɡɑːlɪk/
You will need 3 cloves of garlic
to cook this dish.
194. ginger, n /'ʤɪnʤə/
Indian food is prepared with a
variety of spices, including
chilli powder, ginger and
garlic.
195. horseradish, n /'hɔːsˌrædɪʃ/
Add one tablespoon of freshly
grated horseradish.
196. leek, n /liːk/
Add more oil to the pan and
cook the onion, carrot, leeks
and celery gently till soft.
cabbages
a round vegetable with white, капуста качанна
green or purple leaves that is
usually eaten cooked
long, thin, orange-coloured морква
vegetable, grown under the
ground
a large round vegetable that has a цвітна капуста
hard white centre surrounded by
green leaves
a vegetable with long pale green селера
stalks
long rounded part of the maize or качан кукурудзи
corn plant on which small yellow
seeds grow, and which is eaten as
a vegetable
a long, thin vegetable with a dark кабачок (молодий овоч)
green skin which is a type of
small (baby) marrow
a long thin vegetable with a hard огірок
green skin and wet transparent
flesh
a plant with a crisp rounded base фенхель
and feathery leaves which can be
eaten as a vegetable or the leaves
can be used as a herb
a strong-smelling and tasting часник
bulb, used as a flavouring in
cooking and in herbal medicine
the root of a plant which has імбир
sweet spicy flavour and is often
sold in powdered form
a small white vegetable that is the хрін
root of a crop and has a very
strong sharp taste
a long thin vegetable which цибуля-порей
smells similar to onion is white at
one end and has long light green
leaves
197. lettuce, n /'letɪs/ a vegetable with large thin green салат-латук
I’d like a ham sandwich on rye, leaves that you eat raw in a salad
hold the lettuce.
198. marrow, n /'mærəʊ/ a long white-fleshed gourd with кабачок
Lots of vegetables should be green skin, which is eaten as a
ready to harvest now including vegetable
marrows, onions and sweet
corn.
199. onion, n /'ʌnjən/ a round vegetable with thin dry цибуля
I always cry when I’m chopping skin and many layers inside that
onions. tastes and smells very strong
200. parsnip, n /'pɑːsnɪp/ a long tapering cream-colored пастернак
When it comes to Christmas root with a sweet flavour
food I’m completely
conventional – turkey, roast
potatoes and parsnips.
201. pea, n /piː/ a spherical green seed which is горох
Peter asked her the way to the eaten as a vegetable
gate, but she had such a large
pea in her mouth that she could
not answer.
202. potato, n /pə'teɪtəʊ/ a starchy, quite round vegetable картопля
I had a baked potato for lunch, with brown or red skin and white
which was very filling. inside, grown under the ground
203. pumpkin, n /'pʌmpkɪn/ a large rounded orange-yellow гарбуз
Quarter the pumpkin and fruit with a thick rind, the flesh of
remove the seeds. which can be used in sweet or
savoury dishes
204. radish, n /'rædɪʃ/ small red or white vegetable that редиска
Serve the dish with a colourful is the root of a plant
salad of radishes and beets.
205. spinach, n /'spɪnɪʤ/ a vegetable with large dark green шпинат
I bought a bag of chopped, leaves that you chop up and boil
frozen spinach. in water before eating
206. spring onion, n (BrE) = green an onion taken from the ground зелена цибуля
onion/ scallion /'skæljən/, n before the bulb has formed,
(AE) typically eaten raw in salad
Add the spring onion, green
beans and red pepper, and cook
until slightly softened.
207. squash, n /skwɒʃ/ a type of large vegetable with a гарбуз великий
Vegetables like squash, hard skin and a lot of seeds at its столовий; гарбуз;
potatoes and cabbages are centre кабачок; патисон
perfect for roasting.
208. tomato, n /tə'mɑːtəʊ/ small, soft, red fruit that you can помідор
Beef tomato is a tomato of an eat raw in salads or cooked as a
exceptionally large and firm vegetable
variety.
209. turnip, n /'tɜːnɪp/ a round vegetable with a турнепс, ріпа
If you want to extend the harvest greenish-white skin that is the
of carrots, turnips and other root of a crop
root vegetables, leave some in
the ground to mulch as the
weather gets colder.

HERBS AND SPICES

210. herb, n /hɜːb/ a plant whose leaves are used in рослина-приправа
There were bundles of dried cooking to add flavour to food, or (також лікарська
herbs in her kitchen. as a medicine рослина)
211. bay leaf, n /'beɪ ˌliːf/
Bring the potatoes and bay leaf
to boil and simmer for 10
minutes.
212. basil, n /'bæz(ə)l/
The complaint is that my salad
is incomplete; the chef has
forgotten to put basil into my
dish.
213. black pepper, n
If I offend my wife, she’s sure to
torture my throat with black
pepper the next day, or else give
me the colic with her cooking.
214. chilli pepper, n /'ʧɪlɪ ˌpepə/
Not only does the chilli pepper
bring luck, it also brings an
incredible taste to all of our
Kung Pao entrees.
215. chilli powder /'paʊdə/, n
Add chilli powder, cocoa, salt,
cinnamon and pepper and cook,
stirring for about 1 minute.
216. cinnamon, n /'sɪnəmən/
Place the apples into a large pot
with the brown sugar and
cinnamon.
217. clove, n /kləʊv/
They decided to cook chicken
soup with cloves.
218. dill, n /dɪl/
Add in the prawns with the
chopped dill and continue to
simmer for further 10 minutes.
219. nutmeg, n /'nʌtmeɡ/
Grate some nutmeg on top of
the pudding.
220. parsley, n /'pɑːslɪ/
Beat up two eggs with a little
water or milk, salt, pepper and
parsley.
221. rosemary, n /'rəʊzm(ə)rɪ/
Add some rosemary to the new
potato when it’s boiling.
222. sage, n /seɪʤ/
The best culinary sage is native
to southern Europe.
223. salt, n /sɔːlt/
Season lightly with salt and
pepper.
224. thyme, n /taɪm/
Pleasantly to their nostrils
came the tender fragrance of
the wild thyme that grew within
the edge of the little fountain.
the aromatic dried leaf of the bay лавровий лист
tree, used in cooking
a herb whose sweet leaves are базилік
used in salads and cooking,
especially in dishes containing
tomato
the dried black berries of the чорний перець
pepper, harvested while still
unripe and used either whole or
ground as a spice
small red or green pepper which гіркий перець
has a very hot taste and is used in
cooking
a hot-tasting spice made from мелений перець
ground dried red chillies,
sometimes with other spices
an aromatic spice made from the кориця
peeled, dried, and rolled bark of a
Southeast Asian tree
the dried flower bud of a tropical гвоздика
tree, used as an aromatic spice
an aromatic annual herb of the кріп
parsley family, with fine blue-
green leaves and yellow flowers
the hard, aromatic, almost мускатний горіх
spherical seed of a tropical tree
a small plant with curly leaves петрушка
that are used for flavouring or
decorating savoury food
an evergreen aromatic shrub of розмарин
the mint family; the narrow
leaves are used as a culinary herb,
in perfumery, and as an emblem
of remembrance
an aromatic plant whose greyish- шавлія
green leaves are used as a
culinary herb, native to southern
Europe and the Mediterranean
a strong-tasting substance, in the сіль
form of white powder or crystals,
which is used to improve the
flavour of food or to preserve it
a low-growing aromatic plant of чебрець
the mint family; the small leaves
are used as a culinary herb and
the plant yields a medicinal oil
225. turmeric, n /'tɜːmərɪk/ a yellow spice that is used to куркума
Turmeric powder and a small flavour food such as curry
amount of carom seeds boiled
in water can be given to relieve
chest congestion and cold.

KINDS OF FRUIT
226. apricot, n /'eɪprɪkɒt/ a juicy, soft fruit of an orange- абрикос
She stopped at a fruit and yellow colour resembling a small
flower shop where she bought a peach
large quantity of apples,
apricots and all sorts of sweet-
smelling plants.
227. clementine, n /'klemənˌtiːn/ a fruit that looks like a small клементин (мандарин)
Squeeze four clementines to orange
make fresh juice.
228. melon, n /'melən/ a large fruit which is sweet and диня
He found Joe and Huck up an juicy inside and has a hard green
alley eating a stolen melon and or yellow skin
a cantaloupe.
229. peach, n /piːʧ/ a soft, round, slightly furry fruit персик
One or two of the peaches had with sweet yellow flesh and
bruises on them. pinky-orange skin
230. pear, n /pɛə/ a sweet, juicy fruit which is груша
These pears are still too firm to narrow near its stalk, and wider
eat. and rounded at the bottom
231. persimmon, n /pə'sɪmən/ an edible fruit that resembles a хурма
Adam sold more persimmons large tomato and has very sweet
than mangoes during the flesh
persimmon’s three-month
season last year.
232. pineapple, n /'paɪnæpl/ a large juicy tropical fruit ананас
He served tinned pineapples for consisting of aromatic edible
desert. yellow flesh surrounded by a
tough segmented skin and topped
with a tuft of stiff leaves
233. plum, n a small, sweet fruit with a smooth слива
Peaches, plums, dates, red or yellow skin and a stone in
avocados, and olives all contain the middle
stones.
234. quince, n /kwɪns/ a hard, acid pear-shaped fruit айва
Jill rose and took from a buffet used in preserves or as flavouring
a piece of cheese, some
preserved quinces, and a piece
of cake made of almonds and
honey.
235. tangerine (orange), n a small citrus fruit with a loose мандарин, танжерин
/ˌtændʒə'ri:n/ skin, especially one of a variety
On the heap of nuts lay a scrap with deep orange-red skin
of cardboard, on which was
written in bold, blue chalk,
‘Best tangerine oranges, two a
penny’.
236. watermelon, n /'wɔːtəˌmelən/ a large round fruit with green кавун
Jack says that when one has skin, pink flesh, and black seeds
tasted watermelon he knows
what the angels eat.

KINDS OF BERRIES
237. bilberry, n /'bɪlb(ə)rɪ/ a small, round, dark-blue edible чорниця
Leeds is to be linked with the berry that grows on bushes in
bilberry, which grows on many northern Europe
of the moors surrounding the
city.
238. blackberry, n /'blækb(ə)rɪ/ an edible soft fruit, consisting of ожина
Sarah was singing as she was a cluster of soft purple-black
putting some blackberries and drupelets that grow on bushes
apples into the pie.
239. blackcurrant, n a small round edible black berry чорна смородина
/ˌblæk'kʌr(ə)nt/ which grows in loose hanging
She used to pick the clusters
blackcurrant herself and then
make us the best jelly.
240. blueberry, n /'bluːbərɪ/ a small sweet blue-black edible (американська)
You can pick your own berry which grows in clusters on чорниця, лохина
blueberries without growing North American shrubs related to
them.
the bilberry
241. cherry, n /'ʧerɪ/ a small, soft round stone fruit that вишня
Could you stone the cherries for is typically bright or dark red
me?
242. cranberry, n /'krænb(ə)rɪ/ red berry with a sour taste журавлина
The cranberry works well in
confectionery, baked goods,
cereals and dairy products.
243. cranberry bush, n a shrub of the honeysuckle калина звичайна/
/'krænb(ə)rɪ ˌbʊʃ/ = American family, with round clusters of трилопатева
cranberry, n white flowers followed by red
But to come across a cranberry edible berries
bush in a clearing in a wood is
a fabulous thing.
244. gooseberry, n /'ɡʊzb(ə)rɪ/ a round edible yellowish-green or аґрус
Gooseberries are used for reddish berry with a thin
making pies and jam. translucent hairy skin
245. grape, n /ɡreɪp/ a berry (typically green, purple, виноград
There went two, with the goodly or black) growing in clusters on a
bunch of grape. grapevine, eaten as fruit and used
in making wine
246. mulberry, n /'mʌlb(ə)rɪ/ a small purple or white fruit that шовковиця
We then all sat down under a grows on the mulberry tree
shady tree, and the farmers
passed around a tray of white
mulberries and six glasses of
lemonade.
247. raspberry, n /'rɑːzb(ə)rɪ/ an edible soft fruit related to the малина
The air was fragrant with the blackberry, consisting of a cluster
wild, sweet, wholesome smell of of reddish-pink drupelets that
young raspberry bushes.
grow on bushes
248. strawberry, n /'strɔːb(ə)rɪ/ a small red fruit which is soft and полуниця
That was very extravagant of juicy and has tiny yellow seeds
you to buy strawberries out of on its skin
season.
249. sultana grape, n /sʌl'tɑːnə/ a round-berried, green, seedless кишмиш
Paul liked sultana more than or nearly seedless variety of
usual grapes because he didn’t grape widely cultivated for table
like seeds.
use and for drying as raisins
250. wild strawberry, n an uncultivated plant having суниця
Wild strawberries are hidden luscious red or rarely white fruit
among the roots of the trees.

KINDS OF DRIED FRUIT

251. date, n /deɪt/ a sweet, dark brown, oval fruit фінік
Dates and dried apricot are the containing a hard stone, often
most commonly consumed dry eaten dried
fruits.
252. dried apricot, n apricots preserved by drying курага, урюк
Decorate each with a dried
apricot and sprig of mint.
253. prune, n /pruːn/ a plum preserved by drying and чорнослив
However, just as raisins seem having a black, wrinkled
different from grapes, so do appearance
prunes appear to be distinct
from plums.

KINDS OF NUTS
254. almond, n /'ɑːmənd/
She brought in a sponge cake
flavoured with almonds.
255. hazelnut, n /'heɪz(ə)lnʌt/
When they are roasted,
hazelnuts are the best nuts by
far!
256. peanut, n /'piːnʌt/
He bought a packet of peanuts
to go with his beer.
257. pistachio, n /pɪ'stɑːʃɪəʊ/
Garnish with celery greens,
pistachios, capers and sea salt.
258. walnut, n /'wɔːlnʌt/
She added chopped walnuts to
the cake.
the oval edible nut-like seed мигдальний горіх
(kernel) of the almond tree,
growing in a woody shell
a round brown hard-shelled nut фундук, лісовий горіх
that is the edible fruit of the hazel (плід)
a small nut that grows under the арахіс
ground
the edible pale green seed of an фісташка
Asian tree
edible nut which has a wrinkled волоський/ грецький
shape and a hard round shell that горіх
is light brown in colour

KINDS OF SWEETS
259. bar of chocolate, n /'ʧɒklət/ a solid block made from roasted плитка шоколаду
The torn red wrapper of the and ground cacao seeds, typically
chocolate bar was still in her sweetened
hand.
260. box of chocolates, n a box of candy made of or коробка шоколадних
Jane was presented with the box covered with chocolate цукерок
of chocolates.
261. butterscotch, n /'bʌtəskɒʧ/ a brittle yellow-brown sweet іриска
It tasted tangy and strangely made with butter and brown
sweet, like butterscotch. sugar
262. candy bar, n a long, thin, sweet food, usually шоколадний батончик
I usually avoid eating candy covered in chocolate
bars.
263. custard, n /'kʌstəd/ a sweet yellow sauce made from рідкий заварний крем
For dessert we had bananas milk and eggs or from milk and a
and custard. powder, eaten with fruit and
puddings
264. hard candy, n a hard, often brightly coloured карамель
Enter a whole new flavour sweet made of boiled sugar and
experience with the hard candy corn syrup, often fruit-flavoured
that is made with real coffee.
265. ice(d) lolly, n (BrE) = a piece of flavoured ice or ice фруктове морозиво на
Popsicle, n /'pɒpsɪk(ə)l/ (AE) cream on a stick паличці (заморожений
I want to be playing on the сік)
swings in the park – eating an
ice lolly.
266. lollipop, n /'lɒlɪpɒp/ = lolly, n a sweet consisting of a hard disc льодяник на паличці
/'lɒlɪ/ or ball of a sugary substance on
Life is not all candy canes and the end of a stick
lollipops but it doesn't mean we
should forget what the results of
our actions are.
267. pudding, n /'pʊdɪŋ/
1) For dessert, they had a 1) a sweet and usually hot dish 1) пудинг, запіканка
cherry sponge pudding with made with pastry, flour, bread, or
warm custard.
rice, and often fruit (BrE)
2) Chocolate pudding is the 2) a sweet, soft food made from 2) пудинг
best. milk, sugar, eggs, and flavouring,
eaten cold (AE)
3) What’s for pudding? 3) the final part of a meal, when a 3) десерт
sweet dish is eaten (BrE)

DRINKS AND BEVERAGES

268. beverage, n /'bevərɪʤ/ a drink, especially one other than напій
Alcoholic beverages are served water
in the hotel lounge.
269. Bottoms up!/ Here’s to an expression said as a toast when “до дна”/ “за тебе/ Вас”
you!/ Here’s looking at you! people are drinking together
Bill: Bottoms up.
Tom: Here’s to you.
Bill: Ah, that one was good.
Care for another?
270. brew (tea/ coffee), v phr to you make tea or coffee by заварювати (чай/ каву)
He brewed a pot of coffee. pouring hot water over tea leaves
or ground coffee
271. cocoa, n /'kəʊkəʊ/ a hot drink made from cocoa какао
My wife was tucked up in bed powder mixed with milk or water
with her cup of cocoa.
272. fizzy /'fɪzɪ/ drink, n = soda carbonated water (originally газований напій
(water), n = pop, n made with sodium bicarbonate)
I would like a glass of diet soda, drunk alone or mixed with
please. alcoholic drinks or fruit juice
273. lukewarm /ˌluːk'wɔːm// stone only moderately warm; tepid/ теплий, теплуватий/
cold tea, n completely cold холодний чай
They drank bitter lukewarm tea.
274. mulled wine, n /ˌmʌld'waɪn/ a hot alcoholic drink made of глінтвейн
Guests will receive a glass of wine mixed with sugar and
mulled wine upon arrival spices, traditionally drunk at
before being served a choice of
assorted sandwiches. winter festivals such as
Christmas
275. on the rocks, n phr served undiluted and with ice з льодом
A glass of Scotch on the rocks cubes
with a twist, please.
276. one for the road, n phr an alcoholic drink just before чарка “на коня”
Before I went home, she leaving
persuaded me to have one for
the road.
277. refill (of coffee), n /'riːfɪl/ an act of refilling or a glass that is добавка (кави)
Max held out his cup for a refill. refilled
278. soft drink, n a cold, non-alcoholic drink such безалкогольний напій
People should drink cold water as lemonade or fruit juice, or a
as it, unlike a soft drink, is fizzy drink
easily consumed by a stomach.
279. stewed fruit, n = compote, n fruit preserved or cooked in syrup компот, узвар
/'kɒmpəʊt/
Jane used different kinds of
dried fruit to make the tastiest
stewed fruit.
280. strong drink, n alcohol, especially spirits алкогольний напій
Persons, who at other times did
not use strong drinks, thought it
quite the proper thing to
indulge in during the Christmas
week.
281. wash down, phr v to drink the drink after eating the запити, запивати
He washed down a sandwich food, especially to make the food
with a cup of tea. easier to swallow or digest
ETHNIC DISHES
282. black pudding, n /blæk a thick sausage which has a black кров’яна ковбаса
'pʊdɪŋ/ skin and is made from pork fat
The company has continued to and pig's blood
produce the black pudding to a
traditional family recipe –
using only the finest
ingredients.
283. blintz with stuffing, n /blɪnts/ a thin rolled pancake filled with налисник з начинкою
Upon sitting down we cottage cheese or fruit folded,
immediately received a sautéed or baked, and often
complementary blintz.
served with sour cream
284. borscht, n /bɔːʃ(t)/ a tart soup popular in several East борщ
The vegetables most commonly European cuisines; beetroots,
added to borscht are beetroots, being one of the main
white cabbage, carrots, parsley
root, potatoes, onions and ingredients, give the dish a
tomatoes. distinctive red colour
285. cabbage soup, n a vegetable soup of sauerkraut капусняк
There are different types of and/or white cabbage(s)
cabbage soup, prepared with
different ingredients.
286. chicken Kiev, n a popular dish of boneless котлета по-Київськи
Chicken Kiev is always time- chicken breast pounded and
consuming to prepare but it’s rolled around cold garlic butter
worth it.
with herbs, then coated with eggs
and breadcrumbs, and either fried
or baked
287. crackling, n /'kræklɪŋ/ a crisp fatty skin of roast pork шкварка
She offered a half of the
crackling to John.
288. dressed herring, n /ˌdrest a layered salad composed of оселедець під шубою
'herɪŋ/ diced salted herring covered with
In some countries dressed layers of grated boiled vegetables
herring salad is one of the (potatoes, carrots, beet roots),
traditional dishes served at
New Year and Christmas chopped onions, and mayonnaise
celebrations.
289. jacket potato, n (BrE) = a baked potato served with the картопля в “мундирі”
baked potato, n (AE) skin on
 Ann had a jacket potato and
baked beans with a salad
garnish for lunch.
290. jellied /ʤelɪd/ meat, n = meat or fish cooked and then холодець
aspic, n /'æspɪk/ served in its own juices that
We’re going to have jellied become firm when cold
chicken and salad.
291. pancake, n /'pænkeɪk/ a thin, flat, circular piece of млинець, оладка
Do you want a sweet pancake or cooked batter made from milk,
a savoury one? flour and eggs
292. potato pancake, n a small flat cake of grated дерун
Tater tots may be at the top of potatoes mixed with flour and
favourite crispy potato dishes in egg and fried
the US, but in Ukraine potato
pancakes are by far more
popular.
293. Russian salad, n a salad of mixed diced vegetables салат “олів’є”
We decided to order white with mayonnaise
beans with sauce of peppers
and tomatoes, a Russian salad
and rice.
294. salt pork, n = fatback, n a soft white fat obtained from сало / шпик
/'fætˌbæk/ = lard, n /lɑːd/ pigs
As soon as they had made their
meagre breakfast of salt pork,
coffee and biscuit, Clayton
commenced work upon their
house.
295. (stuffed /stʌft/) cabbage roll, a boiled cabbage leaf that is голубець
n formed into a roll with a stuffing
I couldn’t decide if I wanted of rice and minced meat and then
stuffed cabbage rolls with baked
tomato sauce or plain sour
cream.
296. sauerkraut, n /'saʊəˌkraʊt/ cabbage that has been cut into квашена капуста
Sauerkraut took root mostly in very small pieces and pickled
Eastern European and
Germanic cuisines.
297. sorrel soup, n /'sɒr(ə)l ˌsuːp/ a soup made from water or broth, щавлевий борщ
Sorrel soup usually includes sorrel leaves, and salt
further ingredients such as egg
yolks or whole eggs.
298. vinaigrette salad /ˌvɪnɪ'ɡret/, a salad which includes diced салат вінегрет
n cooked vegetables as well as
To cook the vinaigrette salad sauerkraut аnd/or pickled
you need a number of cucumbers dressed with
vegetables.
sunflower or other vegetable oil
WHAT WE CAN EAT FOOD WITH
299. butter, n /'bʌtə/ a pale yellow edible fatty масло
Pour the melted butter into a substance made by churning
large mixing bowl. cream and used as a spread or in
cooking
300. gravy, n /'ɡreɪvɪ/ a sauce made by mixing the fat підлива
She ate noisily, greedily, a little and juices exuded by meat during
like a wild beast in a menagerie, cooking with stock and other
and after she had finished each
course she rubbed the plate ingredients
with pieces of bread till it was
white and shining, as if she did
not wish to lose a single drop of
gravy.
301. ketchup, n /'keʧʌp/
Do you want some ketchup with
your burger?
302. margarine, n /ˌmɑːʤə'riːn/
Repeat layers and put a final
layer of breadcrumbs on the top
dotted with margarine.
303. mayonnaise, n /ˌmeɪə'neɪz/
Wash the lettuce and arrange it
nicely on a platter along with
the mayonnaise, breadcrumbs
and parmesan in small bowls.
304. mustard, n /'mʌstəd/
Thinly paint the lamb with
Dijon mustard.
305. sauce, n /sɔːs/
Pasta was cooked in a sauce of
garlic, tomatoes, and cheese.
306. vinegar, n /'vɪnɪɡə/
He tasted his soup and began to
season it with pepper, salt,
vinegar – everything within
reach.
a spicy sauce made chiefly from кетчуп
tomatoes and vinegar, that is sold
in bottles
a butter substitute made from маргарин
vegetable oils or animal fats
a thick creamy dressing майонез
consisting of egg yolks beaten
with oil and vinegar and seasoned
a hot-tasting yellow or brown гірчиця
paste made from the crushed
seeds of certain plants, typically
eaten with meat or used as a
cooking ingredient
a liquid or semi-liquid substance соус, підлива
served with food to add
moistness and flavour
a sharp-tasting liquid, usually оцет
made from sour wine or malt,
which is used to make things such
as salad dressing

REFRESHMENTS AND COURSES

307. appetiser, -izer, n /'æpɪtaɪzə/ a small dish of food or a drink закуска
= starter, n /'stɑːtə/ = hors taken before a meal or the main
d’oeuvre /ˌɔː'dɜːv/, n course of a meal to stimulate
Seafood soup is a good one's appetite
appetizer.
308. garnish, n (also v) /'ɡɑːnɪʃ/ a small amount of food used to гарнір; прикраса, оздоба
Reserve some watercress for decorate other food
garnish.
309. main course /kɔːs/, n the most substantial course of a основна страва
When the waiters appeared at meal
Penny’s shoulder with the main
course on a platter, Jim was
mid-anecdote.
310. refreshment(s), n a light snack or drink, esp one закуски та напої
/rɪ'freʃmənt(s)/ provided in a public place or at a
Light refreshments are public event
available after the conference.
311. side dish, n a dish served as subsidiary to the гарнір, салат (який
These mushrooms would make main one подається до м’ясної
a delicious side dish to serve або рибної страви)
with grilled chicken.
312. snack, n /snæk/ a small amount of food eaten легка закуска
Do you eat sweets, cakes or between meals
other sugary snacks?

PLACES PEOPLE GO OUT TO EAT AND TO DRINK

313. buffet, n /'bʌfeɪ/, /'bʊfeɪ/ a room or counter in a station, буфет, буфетна стійка
We sat in the station buffet hotel, or other public building
sipping tea. selling light meals or snacks
314. canteen, n /kæn'tiːn/ a restaurant provided by an їдальня, буфет (на
There were times when pigs in organization such as a college, заводі, у навчальному
blankets were delicious in this factory, or company for its закладі)
students’ canteen.
students or staff
315. cafeteria, n /ˌkæfə'tɪərɪə/ a restaurant in which customers кафетерій; їдальня
The case came into light when serve themselves from a counter самообслуговування
three girls had food poisoning and pay before eating
after consuming food prepared
at the cafeteria.
316. coffee /'kɒfɪ/ shop, n = coffee a kind of restaurant that sells кав’ярня, кафе
house, n coffee, tea, cakes, and sometimes
Recently, Jon has converted a sandwiches and light meals
former ice cream van into a
mobile coffee shop.
317. pizzeria, n /ˌpiːtsə'riːə/ = a restaurant that serves pizza піцерія, ресторанчик
pizza parlour /'pɑːlə/, n
We went to the pizzeria to chat
and have some lunch.
318. tea room, n = tea shop, n a small restaurant or cafe where чайна, кафе
This tearoom is famous due to tea and other light refreshments
its chocolate box looks and the are served
fact that it has been featured in
the legendary children’s comic,
the Beano.

HOW GOOD OF AN EATER ARE YOU?

319. choosy /'ʧuːzɪ/ eater, n someone who is difficult to перебірливий їдець
She’s very choosy about what please because they are very
she eats and drinks. exact about what they like
320. connoisseur, n /ˌkɒnə'sɜː/ an expert judge in matters of taste знавець
Sarah tells me you’re
something of a connoisseur of
good food and know every fine
restaurant in the town.
321. eat a big/ small/ scanty to eat a lot of/ small amount of/ мати багату/ скромну/
/'skæntɪ/ dinner, v phr insufficient amount of food for убогу вечерю
As the family was very poor they dinner
usually had a scanty dinner.
322. eat in/ with moderation to eat a reasonable not excessive їсти помірно, стримано
/ˌmɒd(ə)'reɪʃ(ə)n/, v phr amount of food
She never gains weight as she
always eats with moderation.
323. eat on the go/ the move, v to eat while moving and hurrying їсти на ходу
phr rather than sitting at the table
Granny has always warned me
not to eat on the go to avoid
having stomach problems.
324. eat to excess, v phr /ɪk'ses/, to eat more than necessary, переїдати
The main reason why he has permitted, or desirable
digestion problems is that he
usually eats to excess.
325. eat to one’s heart’s content to eat to the full extent of one’s наїстися досхочу,
/kən'tent/, v phr desires удосталь, всмак
Lucy could eat chocolate
desserts to her heart’s content
when she visited her
grandparents.
326. eat with gusto, v phr /'ɡʌstəʊ/ to eat with energetic and їсти із задоволенням
She always eats strawberry enthusiastic enjoyment
cheesecake with gusto.
327. eat with relish, v phr /'relɪʃ/ to get a lot of enjoyment from смакувати, їсти із
The three men ate with relish. eating задоволенням
328. fastidious, n /fæs'tɪdɪəs/ having a strong dislike of манірний,
They were too fastidious to eat anything dirty or unpleasant перебірливий, гидливий
in a fast-food restaurant.
329. finicky /'fɪnɪkɪ/ eater, n insisting capriciously on getting перебірливий,
A new study on prehistoric big just what one wants вибагливий їдець
cats suggests that finicky eaters
usually do not survive mass
extinction events.
330. gourmet, n /'ɡʊəmeɪ/ someone who enjoys good food, гурман
The acquaintance was chewing and who knows a lot about food
a piece of boiled artichoke with and wine
the gusto of a gourmet.
331. have/ enjoy a good/ healthy to have a strong desire to eat мати гарний апетит
appetite /'æpɪtaɪt/, v phr
He enjoys a healthy appetite.
332. have a substantial a large, satisfying and balanced добре поїсти; поїсти
/səb'stænʃl/ meal, v phr = meal щось тривке, поживне
square meal, v phr
They haven’t had a square meal
for four or five days.
333. have regular /'reɡjələ/ meals, meals which have equal amounts харчуватися регулярно
v phr of time between them, so that
Aunt Polly used to have her they happen, for example, at the
regular meals no matter what. same time each day
334. hearty /'hɑːtɪ/ eater = big someone who eats a lot їдець, що багато їсть
eater, n
He’s small, but he’s a hearty
eater.
335. light eater, n one who eats but little їдець, що мало їсть
I must admit she is heavier than
most and that is despite being a
light eater.
336. picky, n /'pɪkɪ/ someone who is very careful їдець, що копирсається
The children are such picky about choosing only what they в їжі
eaters. like
337. take one’s time over one’s to not hurry while eating їсти без поспіху
meal, v phr
John liked to take his time over
his meals.

USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES

338. à la carte, adj /ˌala'kɑːt/ (in a restaurant) referring to food на вибір (з меню
You could choose as much or as that can be ordered as separate ресторану)
little as you wanted from an à la items, rather than part of a set
carte menu.
meal
339. chef, n /ʃef/ a professional cook, typically the шеф-кухар, головний
Cash will be the vital ingredient chief cook in a restaurant or hotel кухар
as celebrity chefs cook up a
special fundraising treat for
charity.
340. cuisine, n /kwɪ'ziːn/ a style or method of cooking, кухня
We spent the evening sampling especially as characteristic of a
the local cuisine. particular country, region, or
establishment
341. extra helping, n = extra a portion of food served to one добавка (друга порція)
serving, n person at one time
She gave them extra helpings of
ice-cream.
342. help yourself (to), v phr to serve yourself anything you пригощатися
Help yourself to cherries! want or to take anything you want
343. hospitable hostess, n a woman who is friendly and гостинна господиня
/hɒs'pɪtəbl 'həʊstɪs/ welcoming to visitors or guests
Tina is one of the most she receives or entertains
hospitable hostesses I have ever
met.
344. (I) don’t mind if I do, v phr said to politely accept an offer не відмовлюсь
“There’s plenty more cake if usually of food or drink
you’d like another piece.” “I
don’t mind if I do.”
345. make do, v phr manage with the limited or вистачати, бути
I make do with a cup of tea in inadequate means available достатнім
the morning.
346. put on/ lose weight, v phr to become fatter/ to become поправлятися/ худнути
Women usually prefer to lose thinner
weight rather than put it on.
347. recipe, n /'resəpɪ/ a set of instructions for cooking рецепт
I have a recipe for apple pie. or preparing a particular food
348. staple food, n /'steɪpl ˌfuːd/ a food that is eaten routinely, and основні продукти
The staple food of a specific in such quantities that it харчування (основний
society may be eaten as often as constitutes a dominant portion of раціон)
every day.
a standard diet in a given people
349. table d’hôte, n /ˌtɑːbl'dəʊt/ a restaurant meal offered at a табльдот; комплексний
I was an uninvited guest at the fixed price and with few if any обід
luncheon – the General had choices
forgotten to arrange otherwise,
or I should have been send for
to dine at the table d’hôte.
350. treat someone (to), v phr provide someone with (food, пригощати
I like to treat my guests to a drink, or entertainment) at one's
good dinner. own expense
351. Tupperware, n /'tʌpəwɛə/ a range of plastic containers with контейнер, ємність для
Rachel watched curiously as he tight-fitting lids that are used for зберігання їжі
pulled out plates, drinks, eating storing food (brand name)
utensils and several more
Tupperware containers full of
food.