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    Anatomy is the study of the structure and relationship between body parts. It has both gross (macroscopic) and microscopic branches. Gross anatomy studies structures visible to the naked eye, while microscopic anatomy examines cells, tissues, and structures on a microscopic level. The body has sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes that divide it. There are also multiple levels of structural organization from chemical to organismal. Important organ systems that work together include the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems.

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    Anatomy is the study of the structure and relationship between body parts. It has both gross (macroscopic) and microscopic branches. Gross anatomy studies structures visible to the naked eye, while microscopic anatomy examines cells, tissues, and structures on a microscopic level. The body has sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes that divide it. There are also multiple levels of structural organization from chemical to organismal. Important organ systems that work together include the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems.

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    Nowy Dokument Tekstowy

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    CuCumber CC
    Anatomy is the study of the structure and relationship between body parts. It has both gross (macroscopic) and microscopic branches. Gross anatomy studies structures visible to the naked eye, while microscopic anatomy examines cells, tissues, and structures on a microscopic level. The body has sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes that divide it. There are also multiple levels of structural organization from chemical to organismal. Important organ systems that work together include the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems.

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    Class Notes: Introduction to Human Anatomy

    Definition:

    Anatomy is the study of the structure and relationship between body parts.
    Branches of Anatomy:

    Gross (Macroscopic) Anatomy: Study of structures that can be observed with the
    naked eye.

    Regional: All structures in a specific area of the body.


    Systemic: Study of individual organ systems.
    Surface: External features (for example, bony projections).
    Microscopic Anatomy: Study of structures on a microscopic level.

    Cytology: Study of cells.


    Histology: Study of tissues.
    Developmental Anatomy: Study of the changes in the body throughout the life span.

    Basic Body Planes and Sections:

    Sagittal Plane: Divides body into left and right.

    Midsagittal (Median) Plane: Directly in the middle.


    Parasagittal Plane: Off-centered, not directly in the middle.
    Frontal (Coronal) Plane: Divides body into anterior (front) and posterior (back).

    Transverse (Horizontal) Plane: Divides body into superior (top) and inferior
    (bottom).

    Major Body Cavities:

    Dorsal Body Cavity: Contains the cranial and vertebral cavities.


    Ventral Body Cavity: Contains thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.
    Levels of Structural Organization:

    Chemical Level: Atoms and molecules.


    Cellular Level: Cells, the smallest unit of life.
    Tissue Level: Groups of similar cells performing a function.
    Organ Level: Contains two or more types of tissues.
    Organ System Level: Organs working together for a common purpose.
    Organismal Level: The human being as a whole.
    Important Organ Systems:

    Integumentary System: Protects, regulates temperature.


    Skeletal System: Supports, protects, produces blood cells.
    Muscular System: Movement, posture, heat production.
    Nervous System: Responds to stimuli, processes information.
    Endocrine System: Produces hormones, regulates processes.
    Cardiovascular System: Transports blood, nutrients, wastes.
    Respiratory System: Provides oxygen, removes carbon dioxide.
    Digestive System: Processes food, absorbs nutrients.
    Urinary System: Eliminates waste, regulates balance.
    Reproductive System: Produces offspring.

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