UNIT 1

1. What is volunteering work?

- Volunteering work is an activity that does not material benefit, also
does not personal profit, but is done as voluntary work to help
people around us.

2. How can community service help you achieve your future goals?
I will learn more valuable lessons in my life to become a better
human being.
Communication skills: am ma introvert, talk with them helps me
to sympathize as well as enhance my reaction in front of trouble.
Developing my problem-solving skills:
Teamwork: unite everyone that have the same ideal

3. Is it important to receive a good education?

I would say receiving a good education is possibly the most
important.
- essential for success in life. Without education, it can be difficult
to find a job or pursue a fulfilling career.
- Having a deep understanding of ourselves, knowing what we ache
for and what else, pros and cons. It will help them choose
appropriate jobs with us
- providing valuable life skills(communication, judgment, decision)
and knowledge that can help individuals make informed decisions
and contribute to society in meaningful ways.
- Having a range of perspectives to perceive(nhìn nhận) the world,
leading to self-development

4. Have you ever taken part in volunteering? Tell some activities.

Yes. I’ve had memorable experiences when working with some good
friends in a charitablorganizationon named “Street Active”
- Support finance or other non- cash items to the underpriviliged
- Donate school tools for poor children, distribute small portions to
garbage collectors on the streets after a hard-working day, buy
colorful envelopes to raise money, and set aside a small portion of
members’ income to help the needy.
- Partly contribute to shaping a better life for the poor
- Advocate the community to lend a helping hand to the needy

5. What kinds of charity work would you recommend for someone

who wants to be a ….
I think I would recommend it to someone who wants to be a
psychologist
- They can spend hearts and souls on individuals who can’t afford
therapy
- Raising awareness about mental issues and providing educational
materials to promote mental well-being.
- Listening, and empathy with other stories

6. What charity work would support you what are you studying?
Well, the “Chong Chong tre” project would support what I am
studying.
- “Chong Chong tre” is a project for young people who want to
volunteer as teachers. And they must teach English to children
every Wednesday in the pagoda.
- It helps me determine my area of interest like whether or not I’m
passionate about teaching.
- This project can connect me with other organizations that need
volunteer teachers. My major is English so I have a chance to
broaden my knowledge and master a very necessary tool for my
future career.

7. How can you balance charity work and study?

Arranging the important degree for every task(putting study is a

priority, next is for self-development and caregiving family after
is a charity and last but not least is time for blowing off some
steams).
- I’ve well established my schedule so I ensure that I can certainly
stay focused on my study and possibly put time aside to join in
charity work. I apply some good ways like using calendars,
planners, or digital apps to keep track of my commitments.
- I can ask for help from my friends if I have any riddles.
8. How much money is enough? why?
- The amount of money considered "enough" depends on lifestyle
choices, personal aspirations, and financial security.
- For some individuals, having enough money means meeting their
basic needs, such as food, shelter, healthcare, and education,
without financial stress or hardship.
- Others may consider having enough money as having the ability to
comfortably afford a certain standard of living, which may include
owning a home, traveling, pursuing hobbies, or enjoying leisure
activities.
 - In contrast, the others splurge a ton of money to flex in public, they
desire to express that they are an embarrassment of riches

9. Why do people care too much about money?

- Money can enhance the quality of life by providing access to better
healthcare, education, housing, transportation, and leisure activities.
- Having enough money to cover expenses and unexpected events
can lead to greater peace of mind.
- Money can enable individuals to pursue their dreams, passions, and
personal interests.

1. Have you ever given money to a charity or worked with a

charity? Did you enjoy it? Why/ why not?
I have never donated to any charity.
I just like giving money to beggars on the streets. That’s it, it
makes my day.
Sometimes, happiness is not something intricate, just basically the
feeling that we help someone that not need any reward
2. What is the most expensive thing you have ever bought for yourself?
For someone else?
A smartphone, As a result of 2 months' holiday for striving too
hard to earn money, Cuz in the past, my parents did not allow me
to use a phone
and a memorable gift that I have ever given is to my mother. I
gave her a little money after I received my first income. For me
3. When you have a little extra money, what do you spend it on?
Myself: strengthen my outlook such as skin care, going to the gym,
buying exquisite garments. In addition, I will invest for myself-
improvement
When we have enough, what immediately comes to mind is sharing a
part of my fulfillment with other people who do have not in good
condition and allowing them to strive for a better life.
4. Do you think money can buy happiness? Why/Why not?
Money can’t buy complete happiness but it is capable of purchasing a
piece of happiness.
For instance, when you trip up an accident and go straight to the hospital
because injuring. You need money to pay medical bills.
But money is a double-edged sword and it will cause immense
consequences if they let themselves be manipulated by money.
In conclusion, the world is enormous and has a ton of mysterious things
that we can explore instead of just basically chasing money.

UNIT 2
1. Why is food wasted?
2. It is a meticulous issue
3. + The loss of balance between demand and supply: manufacture
too much while the demand is low
4. + Consumer behavior: buy more than necessary
5. + The development of marketing: buy 1 get 1, sale off to stimulate
the demand

6. Why does food go bad?

- Food isn’t kept within safe temperature limits, such as fridge and
freezing.
- Bacteria break down the food’s nutrients and release waste
products. These bacterias thrive and multiply when they have the
 right conditions, such as moisture, warmth, and nutrients from the
food. They break down the food's organic matter, causing it to spoil

7. What are the primary causes of food waste in developed and

developing countries?
lack of adequate food management planning
Demand and consumer sentiment: consumers purchase food more
than their demand without thinking about how to handle the surplus

inadequate storage facilities, transportation systems, and cold chain

management can result in high levels of food waste in developing
countries.

8. What are the social, economic, and environmental impacts of

food waste?

- Food waste causes greenhouse gas emissions. Production,

transportation, and handling of food generate significant Carbon
Dioxide (CO2) emissions It also implies a wasteful use of land and
water resources.
- social impacts:
- Although enough food is produced in the world, nearly a
billion people worldwide suffer from hunger and malnutrition
- In developed countries, foods are thrown away even though they
are still good quality. In contrast, a million citizens especially
African, live below the poverty and even depend on food aid
provided by charities.
-
- ECONOMIC IMPACTS:
- Wasted food is wasted money. A lot of money goes into producing,

processing, and shipping food, manufacturing, and supporting

people impacted by the negative consequences of food waste. All of

that gets wasted when food is wasted

9. How can individuals and businesses, such as restaurants and

grocery stores, implement strategies to minimize food waste
without compromising profitability
2 types of person : I am not enough and I have not enough
- Keep food in good condition and produce enough food to meet
people’s demands without food wastage.
- Implement strategies to minimize food waste without
compromising profitability.
- The surplus can contribute to homeless: Creating a food rescue
system: transfer foods to people who need it
- Individuals: focusing on upcycling food such as: turning tomatoes
into tomato sauce
- Restaurants( buffet): if you order many food but you don’t eat all
of it, you will reimburse money equal to the quantity of food that
you waste
- In grocery stores: sell off foods that are near the expiration date to
stimulate people to buy it
- Businesses: pass a law to punish people who waste food
- Educating people to see the true value of the food they are
purchasing
-
 10. What policies and regulations can governments put in
place to incentivize or enforce food waste reduction measures?
- The government can develop some action plans to raise consumers’
awareness of food appreciation.
- People should stop demanding perfectly-shaped food and have a
thorough plan of what they are going to buy
- Governments can invest in research and develop food waste
reduction technologies and practices. This can include funding for
projects that focus on developing new packaging solutions, storage
techniques, or processing methods to extend the shelf life of food.
- Invest in Prevention and Keep Waste Out of Landfills
- Enable Surplus Food Donation
- Educate and Activate Consumers
-

UNIT 3
1. Brain food, how to make it, and its benefits.
- Coffee
- Increase alertness and concentration.
- Enhance productivity during the day.
2. What differences do you see in yourself when you eat brain food
versus when you don’t?
- put my mind into what I’m doing and increase my productivity
during a hard-working day.
- Dealing with unexpected events logically.
- distractions and limits my productivity during the day if I don’t. I
will forget sth easier than when I consume brain food
3. Is there any risk associated with overindulgence in brain food?
Give some examples.
- It can be detrimental to your status, which may cause fatigue.
- For instance, Once time I overindulge in caffeine and I was
unconscious for several minutes after drinking too much coffee. As
a result, I am incapable of staying awake and feel uncomfortable a
whole day
 - In addition, it is detrimental to your skin, so you will be
embarrassed a lot and has no interest in social activities because it’s
really hard to cover imperfections.

4. Do you think it’s important to have better mental health or better

physical health? Why?
Mental: sanity, staying calm to make up our minds precisely, creative
idea
Physical: help us in daily routine: running, walking,… enhancing
resistance
having a body is strong in mental as well as physical health which helps
them to stay active and makes us day.
Ex:

5. Discuss a good strategy for improving someone’s diet.

- Consume healthy food fulfill with protein, minerals, carbs, fiber

- Drink enough water during the day.
- Limit the consumption of alcohol, caffeine, fast food, or habits
toxic to the body ( staying up late, an unsuitable diet,..)
- Consulting experts about diet, regular exercise( training mode),
mistake should avoid

UNIT 4
1. Causes of peer pressure: comparision, social media, public
mindset( fomo)
 - The first and most well-known one is prejudice. Many of us have
been compared to other family’s children by our parents before.
While the parents view this as a harmless act, this can cause
unnecessary stress for adolescents and lead them to emulate the so-
called “next-door kids”.
Social media influence. When we surf Facebook and Instagram, it
is hard to avoid posts from people showcasing their achievements.
Young or immature social media users may believe that the only
way to appear “cool” is by imitating the supposed “geniuses”
- Final one is the drive to fit in. Young people are often eager to be
accepted by their peers. They feel like they have to do what their
peers do in order not to be left out.
2. What are some common examples of peer pressure that you have
experienced or observed in your life?
Academic performance: Friends can motivate each other to study
harder and achieve better grades. However, as well as leading to
unhealthy competition to the contrary
Fashion trends: Fashion is a key way in which we see peer
pressure taking place, where young people feel the implicit
expectation that they lean into certain trends to ‘fit in’ within their
clique.
Encouraging sports participation: peers can encourage their
friends to participate in physical activities like playing on a sports
team, leading to increased physical health and social skills.

Positive: in high school, all of my friends go to the gym and strengthen

themselves, so they motivate me to fit in. Thanks to it, I enhance my
body status day by day and become a better version of myself. More
confident, healthier, stronger.
Negative: I force to follow the trends of fashion every month because If
I don’t, my peer will consider me an out-of-date person. I try to fit in the
crowd. And in the end, I realize why I need to satisfy somebody, I can
wear whatever I desire.

3. What are some potential negative consequences of giving in to

peer pressure? How we can mitigate these risks?

Health problems: striving but don’t spend time for relaxation will take
risks and affect our mental as well as physical health
Financial loss: try to purchase kinds of stuff that your peers have own.
You splurge a ton of money for the vanity called trends but perhaps It
isn’t fit you
Damaged self-esteem: When conforming to group expectations that do
not align with personal values or interests, leading to feelings of
inadequacy and low self-esteem
Engaging in risky behaviors: Peer pressure can drive people to engage
in harmful activities such as suicide

- We can mitigate these risks with some tips :

- Determine what your passions and goals are, and then classify what
you want and what you don’t and from it, make up your mind
precisely.
- Instead of green with envy with your peers, you need to build a
plan to overtake them and delete weak spots. But don’ forget about
evaluating my ability, the other can do, it doesn’t mean that we can
do

4. Is peer pressure always a negative phenomenon, or can it

sometimes have positive outcomes? Share any example you can
think of.
 5. Encouragement towards healthy habits: Influential friends who
motivate an individual towards new healthy habits such as
workouts and healthy eating habits leading to positive overall well-
being.
6. Improved character development: Peer groups that emphasize
individual character development support building valuable life
skills like teamwork, leadership collaboration, and communication,
increasing personal growth among the group members.
7. Increased confidence: positive feedback exchanges empower
individuals, further enhancing their self-confidence.
Example: in high school, all of my friends go to the gym and strengthen
themselves, so they motivate me to fit in. Thanks to it, I enhance my
body status day by day and become a better version of myself. More
confident, healthier, stronger.

8. What strategies can individuals use to resist peer pressure and

make independent choices? Have you personally employed any
of these strategies in the past?
Strategies
Come up with an exit plan or excuse. Examples of viable excuses to
get out of a pressured circumstance such as doing homework
Just say no to st we don’t want to do
Making independent choices:
Avoid situations where bad choices are more common
Request more time to think about your peers’ demands: ask
yourself why
Saying that we need time to make up our minds, we will have
enough time to give a precise decision
Playing with optimistic persons
Have you personally employed any of these strategies in the past?
Yes when I was a high school student, I got FOMO. So I practiced
saying no instead of following the peer activities that I think that it’s
unhelpful

9. How does exam pressure manifest itself physically and mentally?

gf Sleep deprivation, depression
experiencing panic attacks before or during exams
Physical Symptoms

Physical symptoms of test anxiety include sweating, shaking, rapid

heartbeat, dry mouth, fainting, and nausea. Sometimes these symptoms
might feel like a case of "butterflies" in the stomach,5

Cognitive and Behavioral

Avoiding situations that involve testing include memory problems,
difficulty concentrating, and negative self-talk. 5. This can involve
skipping class or even dropping out of school. In other cases, people
might use drugs or alcohol to cope with symptoms of anxiety.
Emotional Symptoms
Emotional symptoms of test anxiety can include depression, low self-
esteem, anger, and a feeling of hopelessness.5

10. How can students healthily manage exam pressure?

- Cultivate positive emotion so students will probably have a big
motivation to move forward.
- Breath deeply and breathe out, close your eyes when you feel
nervous, and then open your eyes to keep on the tasks.
 - Face your problems logically – follow these 3 simple steps what’s
the very most that can happen? prepare to accept the worst and
think of ways to improve on it.

11. What are the short-term and long-term effects of exam

pressure?

- Short-term: poor testing, shaking, increase heartbeat

- Long-term: fear of failure, issues with memory, potential
distraction, limited academic growth

8/ How can students healthily manage exam pressure?

-Preparation for the test: body( sleep enough), cognition( banish the
negative thoughts), knowledge( learning)
Tips:
Taking a deep breath may be useful for reducing anxiety
Making a to-do list of what you are really into doing after passing the
exams.
It will motivate us to try our best to finish the test and enjoy the time
after
9/ What role do teachers, parents, and other stakeholders play in helping
students manage exam pressure?

Parents: encouraging their children to overcome it and if they excellently

finish the exams, a gift will be a deserving reward for their endeavor. Let
them have a healthy diet as well as encourage them to exercise to reduce
stress and enhance mood
Teachers:
building a secure and comprehensive learning environment where
students feel supported and appreciated for their individuality and
uniqueness.
Teaching students effective study skills can help them feel more
confident and prepared for exams.
as well as useful tips helps them easily absorb and delight
Teaching mindfulness and relaxation techniques can help students a lot
with managing exam stress.

12. What role do teachers, parents, and other stakeholders play in

helping students manage exam pressure?
UNIT 5
1. Is the fear of public speaking a problem? What are the impacts?
- Yes, fear of public speaking is a common form of anxiety and it has
significantly negative influences on people.
- Impacts:
- Increasing your heartbeat, breathing gets faster and then you’re out
of control to do your tasks.
Contributing to reducing your solve-problems skills, critical
thinking
- Behavior: shaking, stuttering( stammering), panic attacks
- Panic in public speaking situations

2. What are the effective treatments for fear of public speaking?

- Try to predict some of the questions your audience may ask you
and practice your answer
- Practice and practice: the second time will be better than the first
one
- Record yourself. Watching your presentation can help you see
your flaws to do it up, as well as show you what’s going well with
your speech and delivery
-
3. Should public speaking be compulsory in schools?
- Get past their nervousness and put fear behind them

- Students will probably be well-equipped with communication

skills, more confident, interact well with others, control their voice
in a good way, pay attention to body language, think outside the
box, more flexible to cope with unexpected events.

4. Should some laws protect people from being forced to speak in

public?
- I think it’s not necessary because we all have our own choices
- we have basic human rights to protect ourselves, we can require
respect from others and we have to raise our voice to strive for
justice.

5. What are the ethical implications of using fear of public

speaking to manipulate or control people?
- I think some people normally fear public speaking and will
probably abuse others’ kindness to escape from their responsibility.
For example, when working in a team, someone is very nervous
about presentation and he always uses his fear to ask for help from
others at any time instead of facing his problem.
What are the symptoms of a phobia?
- There are a few symptoms of a phobia such as panic, dizziness, and
nausea; shortness of breath or shaking limbs, nerve-wracking
What are the challenges of living with a phobia?
- Distress: You may experience panic attacks (hoảng loạn), sweating
(đổ mồ hôi), trembling (run rẩy), and other physical symptoms.
This can make it difficult to function in everyday life.
- restrict our relationships with family and friends. This can lead to
feelings of frustration and resentment.
What are some tips for coping with a phobia?
- There are self-help groups, like “Together”, in which sufferers learn
to ease their anxiety and thus reduce symptoms by sharing
experiences following special training programs implemented by
psychologists working
- .
What are your thoughts on the role of fear in our lives?

- protect ourselves from danger. My brain always chooses kinds of

stuff that are easy for us but we need to beat it to fix flaws as well
as improve us become better versions of ourselves
- Beyond our limits. For example, if we're scared of public speaking,
we may learn that we're capable of more than we thought we were.
Diligent, and brave, faced the things that nobody can cope
UNIT 6
1. How does the use of telemedicine impact the overall quality of
healthcare services and patient outcomes?
- Increased access to care: Telemedicine can help to increase access
to care for patients who live in rural areas or who have difficulty
traveling to a doctor's office.
 Telemedicine can be used to provide care for non-emergency
conditions, reducing hospital admissions and readmissions. This
can save money for both patients and the healthcare system.

2. What are the potential benefits and drawbacks of online medical

consultation compared to traditional in-person visits?

Benefits:
 Convenience
 Cost-effectiveness:
 Increased access to care:
 Improved patient satisfaction:

Drawbacks:
 Limited physical exam
 Technology issues
 Security concerns:
3. Do you think face-to-face or online doctors are better? Why?

Face-to-face appointments: easier to diagnose( physical, mental), ask

questions, and know more about their body status
Online appointments: convenient( set aside money and time),
 a good option for patients who are shy or anxious about seeing a doctor
in person.

4. Do you think the medical tourism trend is a good thing? Why or

why not?

I would say the medical tourism trend is not a good thing for a
couple of reasons.
Risk of complications or infection => EX: respiratory diseases, can
be spread in crowded places and even leads to urgent cases instead
of having medical treatment in a good way => it is not safe for
patients’ health.
 Language barriers => When we can’t communicate clearly with
doctors, it is really hard for them to diagnose certain conditions.
Difficulty getting the same level of care as in our home country =>
Can be expensive to travel to and from a foreign country => spend
time, effort, and

1. What do you understand about medical tourism?

Medical tourism is a term that refers to traveling to another country to
get a medical or dental procedure
2/ What are the benefits of receiving medical treatments abroad?
( experience, the quality of healthcare( technologies, surgery, procedure)
Luxury and privacy: the quality of oversea medical treatment captivates
people. For instance, they desire to recuperate as soon as possible
because they waited too long in their hospital country.
Experiencing and traveling by the way

Technologies and facilities: modern machines as well as new procedures

that perhaps the countries where they live don’t have

3/ What can be the risks associated with receiving medical treatments

abroad?
Language Barriers

If you are having surgery in a country where English is not the primary
language, you will need to make preparations to be able to communicate
with the staff.

Accident
The quality of staff, facilities, and cost
4/Why has medical tourism become a trend in many parts of the world?
The privilege that they don’t have in their local hospital( facilities,
procedure, quality, surgery,..)
The transportation is more convenient than before with the plan( the
price is cheaper

5/ How do cultural and language differences impact the experience and

outcomes of medical tourism for patients?
Misunderstanding-> the unexpected consequences

5. Which do you think is higher: the number of visitors coming to

your country to receive medical treatment or the number of
people from your country going overseas for treatment? Why?
- The number of people from my country going overseas for
treatment is higher.
- Viet Nam is a developing country, so developed countries are still
more outstanding in healthcare fields and probably earn people’s
trust.
- With high-income individuals, they are willing to pay costs for
medical treatment because they want to obtain the best standard of
treatment.
- People tend to move to big cities to get better medical treatment =>
hospitals in big cities are always packed full of patients every day
=> not enough time and effort to meet all people’s demands.
- Insufficient infrastructure, complicated regulation, and few talented
doctors => cause worry and uncertainty believe.