Bilingual and Mother Tongue

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Bilingual and Mother Tongue-Based

Multilingual Education in the Philippines


 Ruanni Tupas &
 Isabel Pefianco Martin
 Reference work entry
 First Online: 04 January 2017
 4839 Accesses
 13 Citations
 1 Altmetric

Part of the Encyclopedia of Language and Education book series (ELE)

Abstract
Bilingual education in the Philippines – the use of English in mathematics and
science and Filipino, the national language, in all other subjects – is a complex
story of postcolonial, neocolonial, nationalist, and ethnolinguistic ideologies
and relationships. Thus, the recent law mandating the use of the mother
tongues as media of instruction (MOI) in early primary years did not come
easy. Called Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE), this
recent linguistic structure of educational provision had to navigate the
intricate discursive terrains of language policy-making in order to find a
strategic space from which to articulate alternative and marginalized visions of
education and nation-building in the country. This chapter provides a brief
history of the language-in-education debates in the country, assesses the hits
and misses of bilingual education, and takes stock of the arguments for and
against the use of the mother tongues leading to the promulgation of a
comprehensive basic education law which includes MTB-MLE. In the end,
however, languages-in-education are never just about languages alone; they
are about struggles for power and for contending visions of the nation. MTB-
MLE promises to address different forms of inequities in Philippine society, but
ideological and structural challenges against it are massive and relentless.

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