WORLD TOURISM

INDUSTRY AND ECONOMY

World Tourism
World Tourism Industry and Economy
Global Tourism Industry Statistics
Global Tourism Industry
UNTWO
 World Tourism
World tourism is an industry which is flourishing all over the word. contribution towards the GDP (gross domestic product) by the world
tourism industry will continue to increase. In order to meet the requirement, changes in the travel and tourism policies need to be
reframed and restructured.

World Tourism Industry and Economy

TTSA provides information about global travel tourism pertaining to growth, demand, export, GDP, employment opportunities, capital
investment etc. Concept of eco-tourism is fast catching up with the common people. Every effort is being made to protect the heritages
of historically significant places.
 Global Tourism Industry Statistics

The travel and tourism industry had an economic Contribution of over 7.6 trillion US dollar in 2016. In 2015, global international tourism
revenue reached approximately 1.26 trillion U.S dollar. The leading city in international visitor spending was Dubai, where tourist spent
more than 31.3 billion US dollars.

Global Tourism Industry

1. The travel and tourism industry are one of the world’s largest industries with a global economic contribution (direct, indirect and
induced) of over 7.6 trillion U.S dollars in 2016
2. Several countries such as France and the United States are consistently popular tourism destination
3. The contribution of tourism to economic well-being depends on the quality and the revenues of the tourism offer. UNWTO assist
destination in their sustainable positioning in ever more complex national and international markets. As the UN agency dictated to
tourism, UNWTO points out that developing countries stand to benefits from sustainable tourism and acts to help make this a reality.
 “UNWTO" United nations World Tourism Organization
Direct and total contribution of travel and tourism to the global economy from 2006 to 2017 (in trillion U.S dollars)
Number of International Tourist Arrivals Worldwide (1996 to 2016)
International tourist arrivals increased from 528 million in 2005 to 1.19 billion in 2015. Figures were forecasted to exceed 1.8 billion by
2030.
 Arrivals by World Region
1. The first visualization shows how tourist arrivals have increased since shortly after the Second World War in 1950.
2. The United Nation World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) estimates that internationally there were just 25 million tourist arrivals in
1950.
3. 66 years later, this number has increased to 1.2 billion international arrivals per year. This is a 49-fold increase.

International Tourist Arrival by World Region

 Changing Relative Distribution of Tourist Arrivals
1. The second chart shows the same data in relative terms. In 1950 full two-thirds of arrived in Europe. Over the following66 years, the
relative importance declined to exactly 50%, but it is still the most important touristic region
2. Asia and Pacific had only very small importance as a tourist destination in 1950. In 2016 however, every fourth tourist arrived in the
region.
 First, Second, and Third World
Four Worlds

1. First world- bloc of democratic industrial countries within America.

- Western Bloc
2. Second World- The Eastern Bloc of communist socialist states
- Eastern Bloc
3. Third World- the remaining three- quarters of population that is not alligned to either blogs.
4. Fourth World- cultural entities of indigenous people
- includes the "First Nations" living within across national boundaries.

Shuswap Chief George Manuel- refer the fourth world as the unknown nations.
Alfred Sauvy - French demographer who wrote an article in French Magazine L' Observateur in 1952 that ended by comparing
Third World and Third Estate.
Charles de Gaulle- coined the Third World
-allegedly quoted Sauvy.
 First World Countries
First world countries also refer as: Developed, Capitalist, Industrial Countries

LIST OF COUNTRIES OF THE FIRST WORLD TOP 10 FIRST WORLD COUNTRIES IN TERMS OF GROSS
US Aligned States NATIONAL INCOME (GNI)
Israel
Japan 1. United States (GDP: 20.49 trillion)
South Korea 2. China (GDP: 13.4 trillion)
3. Japan: (GDP: 4.97 trillion)
Former British Colony
4. Germany: (GDP: 4.00 trillion)
Australia
5. United Kingdom: (GDP: 2.83 trillion)
New Zealand
6. France: (GDP: 2.78 trillion)

Neutral and more or less Industrialized Capital Countries 7. India: (GDP: 2.72 trillion)
Austria 8. Italy: (GDP: 2.07 trillion)
Switzerland 9. Brazil: (GDP: 1.87 trillion)
Ireland 10. Canada: (GDP: 1.71 trillion)
Sweden
 First World
A country that has a highly developed infrastructure, economy, life expectancy, literacy, standard of living, education, population
happiness, healthcare and child welfare.

Top Ten: First World Countries in Terms of Their Human Development

Human Development Index (HDI) is published annually by the UN.

The three basic dimensions of human development are:
A long and healthy life - as measured by life expectancy at birth.
Knowledge - as measured by the adult literacy rate (with two-thirds weight) and the combined primary, secondary and tertiary gross
enrolment ratio (with one-third weight).
A decent standard of living - as measured by GDP per capita* (PPP US$).
Ten Countries with the Highest Human Development Index (HDI)
 Top 10 First World Countries in Terms of Press Freedom

Reporters without Borders is publishing annually an index of the countries of the world. The 10 highest-ranked countries with the most
media independence are in Europe.
Below is the list of countries, at the top of the fourth World Press Freedom Index.
The concept of First World originated during the Cold War and included countries that were generally aligned with NATO and opposed
to the Soviet Union during the Cold War.

In common usage, as per Merriam-Webster, "first world" now typically refers to "the highly developed industrialized nations often
considered the westernized countries of the world"

1. Cold War - The Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union
and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others).
Timeframe is the period between 1947, the year of the Truman Doctrine.
And either 1989, when communism fell in Eastern Europe, or 1991, when the Soviet Union collapsed.
The term "cold" is used because there was no large scale fighting directly between the two sides, but they each supported major
regional wars known as proxy wars.
2. The theory of the First World discovered during the Cold War and comprised countries that were usually aligned with or on friendly
terms with the USA (comprising all NATO countries) and were usually recognized as non-theocratic democracies.
"First World country" usually includes with a logically stable, relatively wealthy and functional non-theocratic democracy with a
logically well educated population.
 Third World
Asia, Africa, Latin America
Includes capitalist (Venezuela) and communist (North Korea) countries, as very rich (Saudi Arabia) and very poor (Mali) countries.
Third World was originally coined in times of the Cold War to distinguish those nations that are neither aligned with the West nor with
the East of the Communist bloc.
Many poorer nations adopted the term to describe themselves.

Below are the third world countries by various categories:

1. Third world countries in terms of Political rights and civil liberties
2. Third world countries in terms of their Gross National Income (GNI)
3. Third world Countries in terms of their human development
4. Third world countries in terms of poverty
5. Third world countries in terms of press freedom
6. Third worlds most impoverished countries.

United Nations used the following three criteria for the identification of the LDC.
1. A low-income estimate of the Gross National Income (GNI) per capita;
2. Their week human assets
3. Their high degree of economic vulnerability
There are 50 countries listed in the United Nations comparative analysis of poverty (34 African countries, 10 Asian countries, 5
Pacific Island Nations and one Caribbean Nations)

AFRICA
Angola Djibouti Madagascar
Benin Equatorial Guinea Malawi Sierra Leone
Burkina Fasp Eritrea Mali Somalia
Burundi Ethiopia Mauritania Sudan
Cape Verde Gambia Mozambique Tanzania
Central African Republic Guinea Niger Togo
Chad Guinea - Bissau Rwanda Uganda
Comoros Lesotho Sao Tome and Principe Zambia
Congo. Dem. Rep. Liberia Senegal

ASIA
Afghanistan Bangladesh Cambodia
Bhutan
Lao PDR Maldives Nepal
Myanmar
Timor Leste Yemen
 AUSTRALIA AND THE PACIFC CARIBBEAN
Kiribati Haiti
Samoa
Solomon Islands
Tuvalu
Vanuati

Third World Countries in terms of Political Rights and Civil Liberties

According to the Freedom House report Freedom in the World 2007, there are 8 countries judge to have the worst records.
1. Burma (Myanmar)
2. Cuba
3. Libya
4. North Korea
5. Somalia
6. Sudan
7. Turkmenistan
8. Uzbekistan
 Two theories, Chechnya (Russian Federation) and Tibet.
These states and regions received the Freedom House Survey’s lowest rating. “7 for political rights and 7 for Civil Liberties.

9 more countries near the bottom of Freedom House list of the most repressive countries
1. Belarus
2. China
3. Cote d'Ivoire
4. Equatorial Guinea
5. Erithrea
6. Laos
7. Saudi Arabia
8. Syria
9. Zimbabwe
Territory of Western Sahara is also include in this group.

While these states scored slightly better than the “worst of the worst" they offer very limited scope for private discussion while
severely suppression opposition political activity, impending organizing, and censoring or punishing criticism of the state.
 THE WORLD COUNTRIES IN TERMS OF GROSS NATIONAL INCOME
(GNI)
Countries with the least GROSS NATIONAL INCOME based on PURCHASING-POWER-PARITY (PPP) per capita in international dollars.

Top countries with an avergae yearly income per capita and year under $1000, (Poorest Nations first.)
 The World Countries in Terms of Their Human Development
Human Development Index (HDI) – Published by UN, It is the average achievements in a country in three basic dimensions of Human
Development.

1. Life Expectancy Index (LEI): LIFLife Expectancy at Birth (in years)

2. Education Index (EI): Years of Schooling (in years) and expexted years of schooling (in years)
3. Income Index (II) : Per capita Income (PPP$)

LIST OF A COUNTRIES WITH “LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT”

1. Human Development Index (HDI) : A composite index measuring average achievements according to the three dimensions.
Long healthy life, have knowledge, decent standard of living

2. Life expectancy at birth: number of years a newborn infant could expect:

Live if Prevailing Patterns of age specific mortality rates at the time of the borth would stay throughout the infant's life.

3. Mean years of schooling: Average number of years education received by people ages 25 and older.
4. Expected years of schooling: When child scholl entrance age can expect to received prevailing patterns of age specific enrolment
rates.
 THE TOURISM AND
HOSPITALITY NETWORK AND
SUPPLY COMPONENT
 Tourism and Hospitality Components
Travel Industry
Composite of organizations, both private and public, that are involved in the development, production and marketing of products and
services to serve the needs of the travellers. (Gee, Choy and Makens, 1997)

Direct and Indirect Components of Travel Industry

1. Direct Providers
Include businesses that are associated with travel, such as airlines, hotels, restaurants, ground transportations, travel agencies and
retail shops.
provide directly to the travellers.
2. Support Services
Lend support to direct providers.
Includes contract food services, contract laundry, food suppliers, tour organizers and travel publications.
Provide directly to direct providers and indirectly to travellers.
3. Tourism Developmental Organizations
Includes the planners, government agencies, financial institutions, real estate developers and educational and vocational training
institutions.
Deals with tourism and hospitality development which tend to be more complex and broader in scope than daily travel services.
 Tourism and Hospitality Supply Components
1. Natural Resources
Include elements in an area for the use and enjoynment visitors.
Examples: climate, landforms, bodies of water
2. Infrastructure
Consists of all underground and surface developmental construction.
Examples: water supply systems, electrical and communication systems, airports
3. Superstructure
The above ground facility services.
Examples: airport buildings, terminals, hotels, motels
4. Transportation and Transportation Equipment
Items such as ships, airplanes, busses, railways
5. Hospitality Resources
Include the cultural wealth of an area for successful hosting of tourists.
Examples: welcoming spirit, attitude, friendliness, sincere interest; cultural resources such as literature, dramatic art, music
 Natural Resources
The resources of a destination area provide an excellent asset to sell to tourists. The physical characteristics of an area can be
generalized as natural scenery, climate, and environment.
1. Water. Sufficient quantity of pure water is essential. Natural Resources
-The resources of a destination area provide an excellent asset to sell to tourists. The physical characteristics of an area can
be generalized as natural scenery, climate, and environment.
2. Power. The important things to consider are the adequate supply of power available to meet peak load requirements
3. Communication. It is necessary that the telephone and telegraph service is available.
4. Sewage/drainage. Sewer demand is often placed at 90% of domestic water demand. Although water storage reservoir and
sewage treatment plants can be designed on the basis of maximum average demand.
5. Health Care. The type of healthcare facilities provided will depend on the number of visitors expected.
6. Street/Highways. The availability of first class roads adds greatly to the accesability of a region.
7. Transportation Terminals
- General, Air, Rail, Bus
8. Security. While on vacation, tourists are in a unfamiliar environment. Because of this, the need for assurance regarding
their safety is important.
 Hospitality Resources
Feeling of being welcome received by the visitors while visiting a destination
The delivery of tourist service

How to improve Hospitality Resources?

Hospitality Training
Aims to motivate service providers to be hospitable in dealing with tourists.

Three aspects of attitudes

1. Attitude Toward Self
2. Attitude Toward Others
3. Attitude Toward the Tourism and Hospitality Industry
 1. Attitude Toward Self
Changing the individuals perception of self in order to improve his behavior.
If service providers are viewed as host and hostesses rather than “just” employees, their self-image may be raised.
2. Attitude Toward Others
Develops positive feelings toward employees and other tourist.
Develops the ability to put oneself in visitors place.
Service providers can empathize tourist, accept and understand tourist.
3. Attitude Toward the Tourism and Hospitality Industry
Employees are aware of how important tourism and hospitality is to their country, city and community.
Employees are convinced of the economic and social significance of the industry they are part of.

Community Awareness Program

The main objective is to create a feeling of being welcomed for the tourist within the community.
Builds acceptance of tourism and to build an understanding of the tourist.
 Transportation
In order to grow tourism and hospitality, transportation is important. Tourists require quick access to a variety of modes of
transportation, including road, rail, air, and water. It's important to consider how much time each method of transportation takes
from significant population areas. It is also important to have easy access and high-quality service. The cost of getting to and staying
at the destination is considered.

1. Taxi and Limousine Service

In a tourist location, having adequate taxi and limousine service is important.
Taxi drivers should receive language training. If their ability to communicate in a foreign language is limited, hotels can help by
providing written directions for tourists to give to taxi drivers as their guide
2. Tour bus
Tour bus suspension systems, such as springs and other, should be carefully crafted to prevent passenger joggling.
Multilingual tape recording facilities with headphones for each passenger are desirable.
To avoid misinterpretations of tourist sites, tour guides and interpreters should be appropriately qualified and educated for
their jobs.
A tour guide certification program should be run by a special school or included in the curriculum of a higher education
institution.
Competent instructors should be employed to teach future guides about the history, culture, and political and economic
systems of the tourist locations in such a program.
3. Rail Services
Majority of experienced travelers prefer to travel by rail due to its safety record as well as the convenience and satisfaction of the
scenery from the luxury of an air-conditioned carriage.
It is important to have adequate taxi, limousine, or bus services from the train station to the hotels and must be available often
enough to avoid the traveler's concern that he will not be able to reach his hotel on time.
Transport from the hotel to the railroad station, where he can catch his train, should also be available.

Air Traveler
Porter responsibilities include carrying guests' luggage, fixing minor issues (like changing light bulbs) and cleaning building areas,
including entrances.
In a hot climate, the airport must be totally air-conditioned, and in a cold one, sufficient heat must be provided.

Sea Traveller
Tourism and hospitality are heavily reliant on sea travel.
As a result of this cruise ships, the demand for sea travel has grown, and cruises have become increasingly popular in recent years.
Examples:
Manila Bay Sunset Cruise in the Philippines
The Miami Cruise in Florida
The Rhine River Cruise in Germany
The Canal Cruise in Holland.
 Accommodation
Highly in-demand for the guest or travelers according to what they pay for depend of kinds of facilities that is vary from budget and
expensive accommodations- considerate the eyesight of environment, services, transportation and mode of marketing inside, in added
the entertainment, and activities will at these, Types of Accommodations shall be meet the standards of travelers:

Types of Accommodation

Hotels- provide accommodation, meals and refreshment for those who may
reserve their accommodations in advance but need to do so.

1. Condominium- is an apartment or individual dwelling unit owned by individual

but the management and services, such as maintenance and security, are handled
by an independent company.
Motels or Motor Hotels- provide bedrooms, bath, and parking to motorist; rooms
are usually accessible from the parking lot. They are usually near the highways

Inns- are lodging establishments catering to transients which do not meet the
minimum requirement of an economy hotel

Apartments- are hotels (apartelles), building, or edifices containing several

independent and furnished or semi-furnished apartments that are regularly leased
to tourist and travelers for dwelling
 Paradores- old convent that converted into hotels by the government and
operated by a national tourism office

Pensions- are private or family-operated tourist accommodation similar to

boarding houses or guesthouses.

1. Bed-and-Breakfast accommodations- provide a room, bath, and a hearty

breakfast to tourist and/or travelers.
known as B&Bs
 Hostels- provide minimal amenities and commonly shared toilet and bathroom.
The traveler provides his or her own bedding. They appeal mostly to young
travelers

Campgrounds- appeal mostly to families who travel in recreational vehicles

Health spas- are hostels and resorts which cater to individual who go to spas or
mineral springs for weight reduction or medical treatment.
 Private homes- provide lodging to tourist when accommodations are not available
during peak period.

There are different ways to classify the hotel;

One way, by location such as city, center, suburban, airport, highway, and resorts.
Another way is by type of guest such as commercial, convention, and resort;
One based on price such as economy budget, standard or midscale, first class, or deluxe
 Star Rating System
- often used to classify hotels in Europe and other parts of the world
- assigned according to the quality of restaurants, rooms amenities, and services
- The highest is the five-star hotel and the lowest is the one-star hotel.

Food and Beverage - More of the tourist dollar is spent on the food and beverage
than any other services.

Restaurant - Besides hotels, motels, and other types of accommodations,

restaurants are also classified as superstructure. Offering refreshments and/or meals
to the public.
Basic standard requirements for restaurants are the following;
1. The facades and architectural features of the building shall be appropriately designed
2. The diner room shall be adequate in size, with sufficient and well maintained furniture
3. There shall be cuisine of good quality and presentation and served with distinction.
4. Adequate number of well trained, experienced, efficient and courteous staff shall be employed.

The travel industry is a tourism and hospitality network

encompassing both the public and private sectors.
Businesses and organization can be thought of as
component of the travel industry categorized as
DIRECT PROVIDERS, SUPPORT SERVICES, and
TOURISM DEVELOPMENTAL ORGANIZATION. All
aspects of the Tourism and Hospitality network are
affected by decisions of government agencies and
planners.
 Thank You
GROUP 1
Leyesa, Justine Paul
Dalawampo, James Mathew
Vegas, Gerwin
Lee, Young Mi
Rodelas, Maria Bernadeth
Casapao, Edrian
Aranilla, James Mattew
Aguila, Denese Allen
Garcia, Klint Danna
Mendoza, Shantelle
Agualing, Shanien