新世代數學 (第二版) 4A

一元二次方程
3
鞏固練習題解

鞏固練習 3C (第 3.7 頁) 5. 2x2 + 5x + 2 = 0

1. x2 + 8x + 7 = 0
x=
x=
=
=
=
=
= 或
= 或
= 或 –2
= –1 或 –7

2. x2 + 4x – 12 = 0 6. 3x2 – 7x + 4 = 0

x= x=

= =

= =

= 或 = 或

= 2 或 –6
= 或1

3. x2 – 5x – 14 = 0
7. 4x2 – 9x – 9 = 0
x=
x=
=
=
=
=
= 或
= 或
= 7 或 –2

=3或
4. x2 – 8x + 16 = 0

x= 8. 7x2 + 15x – 18 = 0

= x=
= 4 (二重根)
=

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新世代數學 (第二版) 4A

= 13. x2 + 5x – 7 = 0

x=
= 或

= 或 –3 =

9. 4x2 – 25 = 0 14. x2 – 4x – 11 = 0

x= x=

= = (或 )

=
15. 2x2 + 9x – 3 = 0
= 或
x=

= 或
=

10. 8x2 + 3x = 0
16. 3x2 + 8x + 1 = 0
x=
x=
=
=
=

= 或 17. 4x2 – 7x + 2 = 0

x=
=0或

=
11. x2 – 3x + 5 = 0

x= 18. 9x2 – 8x – 6 = 0

= x=

由於 不是實數，所以該方程沒有實根。
=

19. 7x2 – 11 = 0
12. x2 + 6x + 4 = 0
x=
x=

= (或 ) =

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新世代數學 (第二版) 4A

20. 9x2 + 5 = 0 25. x2 + x– =0

x= 6x2 + 4x – 9 = 0

= x=

由於 不是實數，所以該方程沒有實根。
=

21. x2 – 7x – 5 = 0
26. x2 – 4x + =0
x=
16x2 – 24x + 9 = 0
= x=

= 或

= 7.65 或 –0.65 (準確至二位小數) =

= (二重根)
22. x2 + 8x + 3 = 0

x=
27. 2x2 + x+5=0

= x=

= 或 =
= –0.39 或 –7.61 (準確至二位小數) 由於 不是實數，所以該方程沒有實根。

23. 4x2 + 3x – 6 = 0

x= 28.3x2 + x+ =0
9x2 + x+2=0
= x=

= 或

= 0.91 或 –1.66 (準確至二位小數) =

=
24. 5x2 – x + 11 = 0

x=

=
由於 不是實數，所以該方程沒有實根。

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新世代數學 (第二版) 4A

29. 2(x2 + 5) = 3x + 4
2x2 + 10 = 3x + 4 33. (3x – 1)2 = 2(4x + 3)
2x2 – 3x + 6 = 0 9x2 – 6x + 1 = 8x + 6
9x2 – 14x – 5 = 0
x=
x=

=
由於 不是實數，所以該方程沒有實根。
=

30. (x – 1)(3x + 8) = 4
3x2 + 5x – 8 = 4 34. (x + 4)(3x – 5) = 4(2x – 3)
3x2 + 5x – 12 = 0 3x2 + 7x – 20 = 8x – 12
3x2 – x – 8 = 0
x=
x=
=
=
=

= 或 35. (3 – x)2 – (2x – 1)2 = 3

9 – 6x + x2 – (4x2 – 4x + 1) = 3
= 或 –3
3x2 + 2x – 5 = 0
x=
31. (2x + 5)(2x – 5) + 13 = 0
4x2 – 25 + 13 = 0
4x2 – 12 = 0 =
x2 – 3 = 0
=
x=
= 或
= (或 )
=1或
32. x(x – 2) = x + 3

2x2 – 4x = 3x + 9 36. (3x + 2)2 + (4x + 1)2 = 1

2x2 – 7x – 9 = 0 9x2 + 12x + 4 + 16x2 + 8x + 1 = 1
x= 25x2 + 20x + 4 = 0

x=
=

=
=

= 或 = (二重根)

= 或 –1

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新世代數學 (第二版) 4A

37. 4x2 + x – 11 = 0 41. 2(3x + 1)(x – 3) = (5x – 1)(x + 5)

x= 2(3x2 – 8x – 3) = 5x2 + 24x – 5
6x2 – 16x – 6 = 5x2 + 24x – 5
x2 – 40x – 1 = 0
= x=

= 或

= 1.18 或 –2.33 = 或
(準確至二位小數)
= 40.02 或 –0.02 (準確至二位小數)

38. 3x2 + x+1=0

42. (x + 2)2 – (x + 2)(x – 2) – (x – 2)2 = 0
12x +
2
+4=0 x2 + 4x + 4 – (x2 – 4) – (x2 – 4x + 4) = 0
x= x2 – 8x – 4 = 0

x=

=
=
由於 不是實數，所以該方程沒有實根。
= 或

39. x2 + 8 = 1 – = 8.47 或 –0.47 (準確至二位小數)

x2 + +7=0
43. 2x(x + 4) = 7
x= 2x2 + 8x = 7
2x2 + 8x – 7 = 0
=
x=
= –2.65 (準確至二位小數)(二重根)

=
40. (x + 4)(x + 5) = 2(x + 2)(x + 3)
x2 + 9x + 20 = 2(x2 + 5x + 6)
x2 + 9x + 20 = 2x2 + 10x + 12 44. 2(x + 1)2 = 7 + x2
x2 + x – 8 = 0 2(x2 + 2x + 1) = 7 + x2
2x2 + 4x + 2 = 7 + x2
x=
x2 + 4x – 5 = 0
(x + 5)(x – 1) = 0
=
x = –5 或 1
= 或
= 2.37 或 –3.37 (準確至二位小數)

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新世代數學 (第二版) 4A

45. x2 + x(x + 1) + (x + 1)2 = 0 49. x2 + 2x + 3 = 0

x2 + x2 + x + x2 + 2x + 1 = 0 x=
3x + 3x + 1 = 0
2

=
x=
=
=
=
由於 不是實數，所以該方程沒有實根。
50. x2 – 6x + 13 = 0
46. (2x + 3)2 + (x – 4)2 = 26
x=
4x2 + 12x + 9 + x2 – 8x + 16 = 26
5x2 + 4x – 1 = 0 =
(x + 1)(5x – 1) = 0
=
x = –1 或
= 3  2i

47. (x + 4)2 – 3(4 – x)2 = 0 51. 2x2 + 7x + 9 = 0

x2 + 8x + 16 – 3(16 – 8x + x2) = 0
x=
x2 + 8x + 16 – 48 + 24x – 3x2 = 0
2x2 – 32x + 32 = 0 =
x – 16x + 16 = 0
2

=
x=

= (或 8 ) 52. 4x2 – 8x + 13 = 0

x=
48. 3(2x – 1)(3 – x) = 4(1 – x)(3x + 2)
3(–2x2 + 7x – 3) = 4(–3x2 + x + 2) =
–6x + 21x – 9 = –12x + 4x + 8
2 2

6x2 + 17x – 17 = 0 =

x= =

= 53. (a) ∵ –2 是一個以 x 為未知數的二次方程

2x2 – 7cx – 4c2 = 0 的一個根。
∴ 2(–2)2 – 7c(–2) – 4c2 = 0
4c2 – 14c – 8 = 0
2c2 – 7c – 4 = 0
(2c + 1)(c – 4) = 0

c= 或4

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新世代數學 (第二版) 4A

(b) 從 (a) 部，c = 4。 55. (a)

∴ (x – 4)2 = x(5 – x)
x2 – 8x + 16 = 5x – x2 =
2x2 – 13x + 16 = 0
=
x=
=
=
= –7 – 2i
∴ a = –7，b = –2
54. (a) x + 5x + 3 = 0
2
(b) bx2 – ax + 5 = 0
–2x2 – (–7)x + 5 = 0
x=
2x2 – 7x – 5 = 0
=
x=

= 或
=
∵ >

∴ p= 56. (a)

=
q=
=

=
(b) –3 = x(pq + x + 2)
=
–3 =
=
–3 =
=
–3 = x(3 + x + 2)
–3 = x2 + 5x ∴ a= ，b =
∴ x2 + 5x + 3 = 0，該方程和 (a) 部的相同。
(b) x2 – b2 = 1 – a2x
∴ 二次方程 –3 = x(pq + x + 2) 的根是
p 和 q。 x2 – =1–
∴ 同意該宣稱。
x2 – =1–

4x2 – 1 = 4 – 9x
4x2 + 9x – 5 = 0

x=

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新世代數學 (第二版) 4A

57. (a) x2 – 8x + 3 = 0

x=

= (或 4  )

(b) ∵ <

∴ a= 和b= 。

AB = b – a

= –
= (或 )

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