HKIMO 2023 Finals Round Review

Primary 6 - Set 2

Logical Thinking

1. If the average of the following sequence is 135, what is the missing number?
225, 216, 207, … , _____

2. According to the pattern shown below, what is the number represented by the question
mark?

1 2 3 4

3 6 9 7

9 ? 22 16

27 49 56 38

3. Miguel walks 5 km east, then walks 12 km north, then he walks another 3 km east and 3
km north. How far is he now from the original position in km?

4. A boat travels from A to B. It takes 12 hrs to travel downstream. If it takes 15 hrs for it to
travel from A to B in still water, how long would it take for the boat to travel upstream?

5. I am thinking of a positive number. If I square the number, then add 12, then divide by 4,
then finally subtract 29, I will get 10. What is the number?

6. There are some ducks and goats on a farm. The number of ducks is 5 more than twice the
number of goats. If there are a total of 106 legs, how many goats are there?
 Arithmetic

7. Find the value of

1235 × 3578 − 1234 × 3579

1 1 1 1 1
8. Find the value of 6
+ 10
+ 15
+... + 171
+ 190
.

2
9. Find the value of 49 − 13 × 117.

2 2 2 2
10. Find the value of (2 + 4 + 6 +... + 28 ) ÷ 5.

2 3
11. Find the value of 12 5
× 4 − 10 10
× 3.

1
12. Find the value of 2 .
1+ 4
3+ 5

Number Theory

13. If a 9-digit number 2023𝐴2𝐵20 is divisible by 72, what is the largest possible value of
𝐴 − 𝐵?

14. How many simplified proper fraction(s) with denominator 225 is/are there?

1 3 5 19
15. Find the units digit of 1 + 3 + 5 +... + 19

16. A 3-digit number has a remainder of 2 when divided by 5, has a remainder of 1 when
divided by 3, and has a remainder of 3 when divided by 4. What is the largest possible value
of this number?

17. Define the operations 𝑎 Θ 𝑏 = 𝑎𝑏 + 2𝑎 − 3𝑏. If (2 Θ 𝑏) Θ (3 Θ 1) = 6, what is the

value of 𝑏?

18. Find the sum of all positive factors of 1859.

 Geometry

19. The sum of the interior angles of a regular polygon is 5 times the sum of its exterior
angles. How many sides does this polygon have?

20. It is known that the lengths of two sides of a right-angled triangle are 28 and 35, and the
lengths of all sides are integers. Find the perimeter of this triangle.

21. There is a cuboid. When the length is increased by 3 units, the volume will be increased
by 468 cubic units. When its width is increased by 2 units, the volume will be increased by
286 cubic units. When its height is increased by 4 units, the volume will be increased by
528 cubic units. What is the volume of this cuboid?

22. How many rectangles are there in the figure below?

23. How many rectangles with at least one “*” is/are there in the figure below?

24. A square is formed by combining 75 rectangles that are 1cm by 3cm. Find the difference
in cm between the perimeter of the new square and the total perimeter of the original 75
rectangles?
 Combinatorics

25. In a group of 12 men, only 5 men can be chosen to compete in a racing contest. How
many possible ways are there?

26. From the set of digits, 1, 1, 2, 5, 6, 5, 8, 9, form two 4-digit numbers greater than 4000.
What is the smallest positive difference between these two numbers?

27. A flight of stairs has 10 steps. Vince can climb up 1 step, 2 steps, or 4 steps at a time. The
6th and 7th step of the stairs cannot be stepped on as they are broken. How many different
way(s) is/are there for Vince to climb up the stairs?

28. Choose 3 numbers from 0 to 9 without repetition to form 3-digit numbers. How many
even numbers greater than 500 are there?

29. Numbers are drawn from 85 integers, 22 to 106. At least how many numbers need to be
drawn by random to ensure that there are two numbers whose sum is more than 100?

30. How many different ways are there to rearrange the word “AAABBCCD”?
 VTAMPS: HKIMO Finals 2023
Primary 6 - Set 2

Logical Thinking

1. If the average of the following sequence is 135, what is the missing number?
225, 216, 207, … , _____
Answer: 45
1
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 = 2
× (𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 + 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚)
1
135 = 2
× (𝑚𝑖𝑛 + 225)
270 = 𝑚𝑖𝑛 + 225
𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 270 − 225 = 45

2. According to the pattern shown below, what is the number represented by the question
mark?

1 2 3 4

3 6 9 7

9 ? 22 16

27 49 56 38
Answer: 18
3 + 6 + 9 = 18

3. Miguel walks 5 km east, then walks 12 km north, then he walks another 3 km east and 3
km north. How far is he now from the original position in km?
Answer: 17
𝐸𝑎𝑠𝑡: 5 + 3 = 8
𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑡ℎ: 12 + 3 = 15
2 2 2 2
𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 = 8 + 15 = 289 = 17
𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 17 𝑘𝑚.
4. A boat travels from A to B. It takes 12 hrs to travel downstream. If it takes 15 hrs for it to
travel from A to B in still water, how long would it take for the boat to travel upstream?
Answer: 20 hours
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑑 𝑏𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝐴 𝑡𝑜 𝐵.
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑤 𝑏𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑜𝑎𝑡 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑙 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑛𝑑
𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡, 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑦.
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑡 𝑏𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑖𝑡 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑠 𝑔𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑢𝑝𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑚.

Distance

Still Water 15b

Downstream 12 × (𝑏 + 𝑤)

Upstream 𝑡 × (𝑏 − 𝑤)

15𝑏 = 12 × (𝑏 + 𝑤)
15𝑏 = 12𝑏 − 12𝑤
3𝑏 = 12𝑤
𝑏 = 4𝑤
Hence, the distance expressed in terms of w is
𝑑 = 15 × 4𝑤 = 60𝑤
𝑑𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑙 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 𝑑𝑢𝑝𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑚
60𝑤 = 𝑡 × (𝑏 − 𝑤)
60𝑤 = 𝑡 × (4𝑤 − 𝑤)
60𝑤 = 3𝑤 × 𝑡
𝑡 = 20

5. I am thinking of a positive number. If I square the number, then add 12, then divide by 4,
then finally subtract 29, I will get 10. What is the number?
Answer: 12
𝑏𝑦 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑏𝑎𝑐𝑘𝑤𝑎𝑟𝑑𝑠,
10 + 29 = 39
39 × 4 = 156
156 − 12 = 144
𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑡 𝑜𝑓 144 𝑖𝑠 12

6. There are some ducks and goats on a farm. The number of ducks is 5 more than twice the
number of goats. If there are a total of 106 legs, how many goats are there?
Answer: 12
𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑑 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑔 𝑏𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑘𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑔𝑜𝑎𝑡𝑠,
𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑦.
𝑑 = 5 + 2𝑔
2𝑑 + 4𝑔 = 106
2 × (5 + 2𝑔) + 4𝑔 = 106
10 + 4𝑔 + 4𝑔 = 106
8𝑔 = 96
𝑔 = 12

Arithmetic

7. Find the value of

1235 × 3578 − 1234 × 3579
Answer: 2344
(1234 + 1) × 3578 − 1234 × (3578 + 1)
1234 × 3578 + 3578 − 1234 × 3578 − 1234
3578 − 1234
2344

1 1 1 1 1
8. Find the value of 6
+ 10
+ 15
+... + 171
+ 190
.
 17
Answer: 30
2
𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑦 1 = 2
𝑡𝑜 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠
2 2 2 2 2
12
+ 20 + 30 +... + 342 + 380
2 2 2 2 2
3×4
+ 4×5 + 5×6 +... + 18×19 + 19×20
1 1 17 17
2 × ( 3 − 20 ) = 2 × 60 = 30

2
9. Find the value of 49 − 13 × 117.
Answer: 880
2
49 − 13 × 3 × 39
2
49 − 39 × 39
(49 + 39) × (49 − 39)
88 × 10
880

2 2 2 2
10. Find the value of (2 + 4 + 6 +... + 28 ) ÷ 5.
Answer: 812
2 2 2 2 2
2 × (1 + 2 + 3 +... + 14 ) ÷ 5
2 14×15×29
2 × ( 6
) ÷ 5
2
2 × (7 × 5 × 29) ÷ 5
2
2 × 7 × 29 = 812

2 3
11. Find the value of 12 5
× 4 − 10 10
× 3.
7
Answer: 18 10
or 187/10
2 3
12 × 4 + 5 × 4 − 10 × 3− 10
× 3
8 9
48 + 5
− 30 − 10
8 9
48 − 30 + 5 − 10
16−9
18 + 10
7
18 10
 1
12. Find the value of 2 .
1+ 4
3+ 5

19
Answer: 29
1 1 1 1 1 19
2 = 2 = 10 = 19+10 = 29 = 29
1+ 15+4 1+ 19 1+ 19 19 19
5 5

Number Theory

13. If a 9-digit number 2023𝐴2𝐵20 is divisible by 72, what is the largest possible value of
𝐴 − 𝐵?
Answer: 5
72 = 8 × 9
2023𝐴2𝐵20 𝑛𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑠 𝑡𝑜 𝑏𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑏𝑦 8 𝑎𝑛𝑑 9.
𝐵20 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑑 𝑏𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑏𝑦 8.
𝐵 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑏𝑒 1, 3, 5 𝑜𝑟 9
𝑡𝑜 𝑜𝑏𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝐴 − 𝐵, 𝑤𝑒 𝑛𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝐵 𝑡𝑜 𝑏𝑒
𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚, ℎ𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒, 𝐵 = 1
2 + 0 + 2 + 3 + 2 + 1 + 2 + 0 = 12
18 − 12 = 6. 𝐴 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑑 𝑏𝑒 6.
𝐴−𝐵 =6 − 1 =5

14. How many simplified proper fraction(s) with denominator 225 is/are there?
Ans: 120
2 2
225 = 3 × 5
1 1
225 × (1 − 3
) × (1 − 5
)
2 4
225 × 3
× 5
120

1 3 5 19
15. Find the units digit of 1 + 3 + 5 +... + 19
Answer: 0
𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛:
1: 1
3: 3, 9, 7, 1
5: 5
7: 7, 9, 3, 1
9: 9, 1
1+7+5+3+9+1+3+5+7+9 = 50

16. A 3-digit number has a remainder of 2 when divided by 5, has a remainder of 1 when
divided by 3, and has a remainder of 3 when divided by 4. What is the largest possible value
of this number?
Answer: 967
The smallest possible number that would satisfy the conditions is 7.
7 ÷ 5 = 1𝑟2
7 ÷ 3 = 2𝑟1
7 ÷ 4 = 1𝑟3
LCM of 3, 4, and 5 is 60.
Largest 3-digit divisible by 60 is 960.
960 + 7 = 967.

17. Define the operations 𝑎 Θ 𝑏 = 𝑎𝑏 + 2𝑎 − 3𝑏. If (2 Θ 𝑏) Θ (3 Θ 1) = 6, what is the

value of 𝑏?
Answer: 1

3Θ1 = 3 × 1 + 2 × 3 − 3 × 1 = 6
2Θ𝑏 = 2 × 𝑏 + 2 × 2 − 3 × 𝑏 = 4 − 𝑏
(2 Θ 𝑏) Θ (3 Θ 1) = (4 − 𝑏) Θ 6
(4 − 𝑏) Θ 6 = (4 − 𝑏) × 6 + 2 × (4 − 𝑏) − 3 × 6
𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑙, (2 Θ 𝑏) Θ (3 Θ 1) = 6 = (4 − 𝑏) Θ 6.
So, 6 = (4 − 𝑏) × 6 + 2 × (4 − 𝑏) − 3 × 6.
6 = 24 − 6𝑏 + 8 − 2𝑏 − 18
6 = 14 − 8𝑏
8𝑏 = 8
𝑏=1

18. Find the sum of all positive factors of 1859.

Answer: 2196
2
1859 = 11 × 13
2
(11 + 1) × (13 + 13 + 1)
12 × 183
2196
 Geometry

19. The sum of the interior angles of a regular polygon is 5 times the sum of its exterior
angles. How many sides does this polygon have?
Answer: 12
If the sum of interior angles is 5 times the sum of exterior angles, it means that the measure
of one interior is 5 times the measure of an exterior angle.
We know that the sum of an interior and exterior is 180 degrees.
Interior + Exterior = 180
5×Exterior + Exterior = 180
6×Exterior = 180
Exterior = 30
360 ÷ 30 = 12

20. It is known that the lengths of two sides of a right-angled triangle are 28 and 35, and the
lengths of all sides are integers. Find the perimeter of this triangle.
Answer: 84
𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑃𝑦𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑔𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑚, 𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑎 𝑏𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ
𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑟𝑑 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒.
2 2 2
𝑎 + 28 = 35
2
𝑎 + 784 = 1225
2
𝑎 = 441
2 2
𝑎 = 21
𝑎 = 21
21 + 28 + 35 = 84

21. There is a cuboid. When the length is increased by 3 units, the volume will be increased
by 468 cubic units. When its width is increased by 2 units, the volume will be increased by
286 cubic units. When its height is increased by 4 units, the volume will be increased by
528 cubic units. What is the volume of this cuboid?
Answer: 1716

𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑉, 𝑙, 𝑤, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ℎ 𝑏𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒, 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ, 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ, 𝑎𝑛𝑑

ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡, 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑦.
468 ÷ 3 = 156 = 𝑤 × ℎ
286 ÷ 2 = 143 = 𝑙 × ℎ
528 ÷ 4 = 132 = 𝑤 × 𝑙
2 2
156 × 143 × 132 = (𝑙 × 𝑤 × ℎ) = 𝑉
12 × 13 × 11 × 13 × 11 × 12 = 𝑉 × 𝑉
(11 × 12 × 13) × (11 × 12 × 13) = 𝑉 × 𝑉
𝑉 = 11 × 12 × 13 = 1716

22. How many rectangles are there in the figure below?

Answer: 249

Blue+Red+Purple - Blue&Purple - Red&Purple + Green with Yellow

𝐵𝑙𝑢𝑒: (2 + 1) × (4 + 3 + 2 + 1) = 30
𝑅𝑒𝑑: (2 + 1) × (4 + 3 + 2 + 1) = 30
𝑃𝑢𝑟𝑝𝑙𝑒: (3+2+1) × (8+7+6+5+4+3+2+1) = 36×6 = 216
𝐵𝑙𝑢𝑒&𝑃𝑢𝑟𝑝𝑙𝑒: (2 + 1) × (3 + 2 + 1) = 18
𝑅𝑒𝑑&𝑃𝑢𝑟𝑝𝑙𝑒: (2 + 1) × (3 + 2 + 1) = 18
𝐺𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑛 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑌𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤: 9
30 + 30 + 216 − 18 − 18 + 9 = 249
23. How many rectangles with at least one “*” is/are there in the figure below?

Answer: 78

Green + Yellow - Green&Yellow

𝐺𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑛: 2 × 2 × 4 × 3 = 48
𝑌𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤: 3 × 3 × 3 × 2 = 54
𝐺𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑛&𝑌𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤: 2 × 2 × 3 × 2 = 24
48 + 54 − 24 = 78

24. A square is formed by combining 75 rectangles that are 1cm by 3cm. Find the difference
in cm between the perimeter of the new square and the total perimeter of the original 75
rectangles?
Answer: 540
Area of the square formed: 75 × 1 × 3 = 225
Side length: 15cm
Perimeter of Square: 4 × 15 = 60
Perimeter of Rectangles: 75 × (2 × (1 + 3)) = 600
600 − 60 = 540
 Combinatorics

25. In a group of 12 men, only 5 men can be chosen to compete in a racing contest. How
many possible ways are there?
Answer: 792

12×11×10×9×8
5×4×3×2×1
= 792

26. From the set of digits, 1, 1, 2, 5, 6, 5, 8, 9, form two 4-digit numbers greater than 4000.
What is the smallest positive difference between these two numbers?
Answer: 6
5192
5186
5192 − 5186 = 6

27. A flight of stairs has 10 steps. Vince can climb up 1 step, 2 steps, or 4 steps at a time. The
6th and 7th step of the stairs cannot be stepped on as they are broken. How many different
way(s) is/are there for Vince to climb up the stairs?
Answer: 22
1 2 3 6 10 X X 6 16 22

28. Choose 3 numbers from 0 to 9 without repetition to form 3-digit numbers. How many
even numbers greater than 500 are there?
Answer: 184
Case 1: Hundreds digit is even (6,8)
2 × 8 × 4 = 64
Case 2: Hundreds digit is odd (5, 7, 9)
3 × 8 × 5 = 120
64 + 120 = 184

29. Numbers are drawn from 85 integers, 22 to 106. At least how many numbers need to be
drawn by random to ensure that there are two numbers whose sum is more than 100?
Answer: 30
22 paired with 78 = 100
…
49 paired with 51 = 100
Hence, 22 to 50, there will be no two numbers that can add up to more than 100.
50 − 22 + 1 + 1 = 30
30. How many different ways are there to rearrange the word “AAABBCCD”?
Answer: 1680

AAABBCCD has 8 letters

Repeating: A by 3, B by 2, and C by 2.
8! 8×7×6×5×4×3×2×1
3!×2!×2!
= 3×2×1×2×1×2×1
= 1680