Continuous Design of Steel Structure

In continuous design, it is assumed that joints are rigid and transfer moment between members. The
stability of the frame against sway is by frame action (i.e. by bending of beams and columns).
Continuous design is more complex than simple design therefore software is commonly used to
analyse the frame. Realistic combinations of pattern loading must be considered when designing
continuous frames. The connections between members must have different characteristics depending
on whether the design method for the frame is elastic or plastic. In elastic design, the joints must
possess sufficient rotational stiffness to ensure that the distribution of forces and moments around the
frame are not significantly different to those calculated. The joint must be able to carry the moments,
forces and shears arising from the frame analysis. In plastic design, in determining the ultimate load
capacity, the strength (not stiffness) of the joint is of prime importance. The strength of the joint will
determine whether plastic hinges occur in the joints or in the members, and will have a significant
effect on the collapse mechanism. If hinges are designed to occur in the joints, the joint must be
detailed with sufficient ductility to accommodate the resulting rotations. The stiffness of the joints
will be important when calculating beam deflections, sway deflections and sway stability.