L1: WHAT IS RENEWAL?

- literally means “from the chair”— that is, the chair

RENEW:
- to make (something) new, fresh, or strong again.
- to begin something again.
to make, restore or start a new beginning.
of Peter. - Ex
cathedra refers to pronouncements on faith or morals
made by the Pope when he acts with full Apostolic
- authority. This infallibility applies to teachings about
the Deposit of Faith and all doctrine.

In the early Church, an Ecumenical Council was a  The Council adjourned in late July 1870, 7
meeting of the bishops of the whole church that was months after it opened, when war broke out
convened to discuss and settle matters of the Church between France and Russia, causing France
doctrine and practice. to withdraw its forces that were protecting
the Pope from Italian revolutionaries. When
COUNCIL OF NICAEA – FIRST LATERAN the revolutionaries occupied Rome, the Pope
AD 325 COUNCIL - 1123 suspended the Council.
COUNCIL OF SECOND LATERAN
CONSTANTINOPLE I – COUNCIL - 1139
 The bishops never reconvened to discuss the
AD381 THIRD LATERAN other items on the agenda. The Vatican
COUNCIL OF EPHESUS – COUNCIL - 1179 officially closed the First Vatican Council in
AD 431 FOURTH LATERAN 1960.
COUNCIL OF COUNCIL - 1215
CHALCEDON – AD 451 FIRST COUNCIL OF
COUNCIL OF LYONS - 1245 SECOND VATICAN COUNCIL
CONSTANTINOPLE II – SECOND COUNCIL OF
AD 553 LYONS - 1274 - the 21st general ecumenical council of the Roman
COUNCIL OF SECOND COUNCIL OF Catholic Church. - the
CONSTANTINOPLE III - LYONS - 1274
Second Vatican Council took place in 4 separate
AD 680-681 COUNCIL OF VIENNE -
COUNCIL OF NICAEA II – 1311-1313 sessions in St. Peter's Basilica in Rome between
AD 787 COUNCIL OF October 11,1962 to December 8,1965. - It was
COUNCIL OF CONSTANCE - 1414-1418 called by Pope John XXIII(23rd). He died after the
CONSTANTINOPLE IV - COUNCIL OF VATICAN I –
first session and his successor Paul VI (6th) was left
AD 869 1869-1870
COUNCIL OF to finish it.
CONSTANTINOPLE IV -
AD 869 THE RESULTS OF THE SECOND VATICAN
COUNCIL:
FIRST VATICAN COUNCIL 1. The declaration that "the Church" includes ALL
"People of God", not simply the hierarchy of the
 Pope Pius IX
church. 2.
- also called the First Vatican Ecumenical
Hierarchy of truths- not all official Church teachings
Council. - he
are equally binding on all Catholics or essentially to
convened Vatican I to discuss lay
the integrity of the Catholic faith. 3. The mass
spirituality, devotional practices, and the
was altered and the language of delivery changed
challenges of the Church.
from Latin to the Vernacular. 4. Produced the
- more than 700 bishops gathered at Saint
most and widest changes in the Roman Catholic
Peter’s Basilica for the Council, including
Church since the Council of Trent during the
46 bishops from the United States.
Reformation.
 The Council asserted that when the Pope
speaks ex cathedra, his teaching is infallible.
CONTRIBUTION OF THE VATICAN ||
EX CATHEDRA
• Changes to the liturgy- Priest now faced the
congregation instead of turning his back to them. •
Language of the Liturgy was now in the Vernacular.

12-PIETY Coloma
• The Catholic Church was now more ecumenical in
its approach to other Christian variants.
• The role of the Laity was given more prominence
and more involvement in the Church. • New prayers
and music were introduced. • Catholics were
now allowed to read and study the Bible.
L2:THE CHURCH (ITS ORIGIN)
 THE CHURCH:
- The study of the Church is known as
ecclesiology.
ECCLESIOLOGY
- comes from the Greek ekklesia meaning
‘assembly’. It is compound of the Greek preposition
ek (out from) and the verb kaleo (to call), meaning to
‘call out from'. - The Catholic
Church traces its origin back to the Old Testament
qahal and the New Testament ekklesia. Both terms
mean ‘the people of God called together’ or an
‘assembly convoked by God'.
THE THREE REQUIREMENTS TO JOIN THE
CHURCH:
• Faith in Jesus Christ
• Baptism in the Name of the Trinity
• Communion with the Pope
THE MISSION OF THE CHURCH
 to establish among all peoples the Kingdom
of God. This is to be done by means of
evangelization and sacramentalization:
EVANGELIZATION It is the process of
proclaiming the Gospel to all people, as Jesus said:
12-PIETY Coloma
’Go into all the world and preach the good news to all
creation’ (Mark 16:15)
SACRAMENTALIZATION It is the process of
sanctifying our life by means of the 7 Sacraments,
that are instituted by Christ, and the Sacramentals,
that are instituted by the Church.
THE 4 SYMBOLS OF THE CHURCH
 To help us understand the nature of the
Church, which can be defined but not fully
comprehended, Jesus and the Apostles
employed 4 major symbols:
THE PEOPLE OF GOD The Church is a
community of believers, and although we belong to
different nationalities, we are united into one people.
For this reason, the Church is called Catholic, which
means ‘universal,’ because she is open to all nations
on earth.
BODY OF CHRIST The Church is the spiritual
Body of Jesus: he is the head and we are the
members. For this reason, the early churches were
built in a Latin-cross shape, representing the body of
Christ with outstretched arms.
BRIDE OF CHRIST The Kingdom of God is
symbolized as a spiritual wedding, where Jesus is the
groom and the Church the bride. Hence, the bishops
wear the pastoral ring, which symbolizes the spousal
union between Christ and the Church.
FLOCK OF CHRIST Jesus compared the Church
to a flock, when he said: ‘I am the good shepherd. A
good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep’ (John
10:11). Consequently, the leaders of the Church are
called pastors, from the Latin word pastor, meaning
‘shepherd.’ Moreover, the bishops use a symbol of
their authority the crosier, which resembles the
pastoral staff used by the shepherds to govern their
sheep and to protect them from dangers.
THE CHURCH: ITS STRUCTURE
AND MISSION
 The Roman Catholic Church consists of its
bishops, priests, and deacons. In the
ecclesiological sense of the term,
 "hierarchy" strictly means the "holy
ordering" of the Church, the Body of Christ,
so to respect the diversity of gifts and
ministries necessary for genuine unity (1
Cor.12)
 Catholic Church's mission is to carry out and
continue the work of Jesus Christ on Earth.
The Church, and those in it, must: share the
Word of God.
The leader of the Catholic Church, elected by the
Cardinals for life.
The Cardinals are the elected ‘government’ of the
Roman Catholic Church. They elect the Pope from
among their number.
Rule over a large area called an archdiocese
responsible for making sure that the bishops follow
the church rules.
The Bishop is responsible for a diocese. The diocese
is the main adminisdtrative unit of the church.
The bishop supervises all activities of his
church, visits all religious institutions at
regular intervals and is responsible for teaching
the Christian faith in his diocese.
Each diocese is divided into a number of
parishes each of which is run by a priest who
has the same responsibilities in the parish as the
bishop has in the diocese.
L3: NATURE OF THE CHURCH
 WHY IS THE CHURCH ONE?
- The Church is ONE, as opposite to many,
because Jesus wants all his disciples to be
united in one community.
THE BODY OF CHRIST SHARES UNITY:
✓Profession of Faith
✓Celebration of divine worship
✓Fraternal harmony of God’s family
13 DIFFERENT RELIGIONS:
 THE KINGDOM OF JESUS CHRIST
12-PIETY Coloma
- is a religious organization founded and led by
the Appointed Son of God, Pastor Apollo C.
Quiboloy on September 1,1985 with the title as
Appointed Son of God.
 ANG DATING DAAN
- a religious radio and television
program produced by the Members Church of God
International. It has been recognized as one of
the longest-running religious television programs in
the World. It is primarily hosted by Brother Eli
Soriano founded on 1980 in Manila. He is an active,
radio and television evangelism.
- In 1970s, Soriano began conducting
nightly pulong (gathering) from town-to-town
preaching in the province of Pampanga and later
realized that his lifetime is not enough to reach the
entire Philippines. In the year 1972, Perez handed
Soriano the only Church Minister title.
- Ang Dating Daan is currently airing in 73
countries worldwide and translated in at least 18
languages.
 JESUS IS LORD CHURCH
WORLDWIDE
- It describes itself as a Full Gospel, Christ-
centred, and Bible-based church.
- On October 5, 1978, a former atheist, activist,
and professor Eddie Villanueva founded the Jesus Is
Lord Church Worldwide formerly named Jesus Is
Lord Fellowship, "which started with just 15
members from his Bible studies". In 2007, JIL stated
it had "over 5 million members today in 18 cities in
Metro Manila, 80 provinces in the Philippines and 60
countries in the world. Most members abroad are
overseas Filipino workers and their families."
- Villanueva is also the founder of the
Philippines for Jesus Movement (PJM), which has
more than 40 bishops from different Christian
churches nationwide as members.
 IGLESIA NI CRISTO / CHURCH OF
CHRIST
 - Founded in 1914, Manila by Felix Manalo,
succeeded by his son Eraño and grandson Eduardo.
 JEHOVAH’S WITNESSES
- Founded in 1870, USA by Charles Taze
Russell, known for door-to-door preaching.
- Jehovah is the personal name of God, as
found in the Bible. A witness is a person who
proclaims views or truths of which he is convinced.
Jehovah, the God of the Bible and the Creator of all
things.
 SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTISTS
- uphold the central doctrines of Protestant
Christianity: the Trinity, the incarnation, the virgin
birth, the substitutionary atonement, justification by
faith, creation, the second coming, the resurrection of
the dead, and last judgment.
- Founded in 1840, USA by William Miller,
locally known as Sabadista, being Saturday their
holiday.
 CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF THE
LATTER DAY SAINTS
- The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day
Saints (the LDS church), or often simply called the
Mormon Church, is a Christian denomination that
considers itself to be the true restoration of the
original church founded by Jesus Christ.
- Founded in 1820, USA by Joseph Smith,
known as Mormons, being Saturday their holiday.
- Jesus and Satan are spirit brothers and we
were all born as siblings in heaven to them both.
- Mormons believe in God the Father, the Son
(Christ), and the Holy Ghost existing as three
separate individual beings or personages while the
Christians regard Christ as immortal and believe in
the Trinity. Mormons, like mainstream Christians,
also believe that Jesus Christ is the essential path for
salvation.
 THE BAPTISTS
12-PIETY Coloma
- The first Baptist churches were formed by
English-speakers in Amsterdam (1609-1612),
promoting Baptism for the adult and only by
immersion. They believed, as did Martin Luther, that
believers were capable of reading and interpreting the
Bible on their own.
- Baptist, member of a group of Protestant
Christians who share the basic beliefs of most
Protestants but who insist that only believers should
be baptized and that it should be done by immersion
rather than by the sprinkling or pouring of water.
- Many Baptists belong to the Protestant
movement of Christianity. They believe that a person
can attain salvation through faith in God and Jesus
Christ. Baptists also believe in the sanctity of the
Bible. They practice baptism but believe that the
person must be wholly immersed in water.
- Baptists believe that faith is a matter between
God and the individual (religious freedom). To them
it means the advocacy of absolute liberty of
conscience. Insistence on immersion believer's
baptism as the only mode of baptism. Baptists do not
believe that baptism is necessary for salvation.
 THE ANGLICAN CHURCH
- Anglicans base their Christian faith on
the Bible, traditions of the apostolic church, apostolic
succession ("historic episcopate"), and the writings of
the Church Fathers.
- Established in 1539,because the Pope refused
to annul his valid marriage.
- Henry VIII failed to secure a
papal annulment of his marriage to Catherine of
Aragon.
- Anglicans believe the catholic and apostolic
faith is revealed in Holy Scripture and the Catholic
creeds and interpret these in light of the Christian
tradition of the historic church, scholarship, reason,
and experience.
 THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION
- a religious reform movement that swept
through Europe in the 1500s. It resulted in the
creation of a branch of Christianity called
Protestantism, a name used collectively to refer to the
many religious groups that separated from the Roman
Catholic Church due to differences in doctrine.
- The Protestant Reformation began in
Wittenberg, Germany, on October 31, 1517, when
Martin Luther, a former Augustinian priest, teacher
and a monk, published a document he
called Disputation on the Power of Indulgences, or 95
Theses. The document was a series of 95 ideas about
Christianity that he invited people to debate with him.
These ideas were controversial because they directly
contradicted the Catholic Church's teachings.
- The Protestant Reformation was a
religious reform movement that swept through
Europe in the 1500s. It resulted in the creation of a
branch of Christianity called Protestantism, a name
used collectively to refer to the many religious
groups that separated from the Roman
Catholic Church due to differences in doctrine.
• Indulgence, purgatory, saints, sola scriptura, sola
fide, sola gratia.
 THE ORTHODOX CHURCH
- They are the Greek-Churches that in 1054,
under Michael Cerularius, Patriarch of
Constantinople, separated from Rome.
- Orthodoxy believes that the Christian Faith
and the Church are inseparable. It is impossible to
know Christ, to share in the life of the Holy Trinity,
or to be considered a Christian, apart from the
Church. It is in the Church that the Christian Faith is
proclaimed and maintained.
- Yahweh is the God of Orthodox which means
I AM WHO I AM; or I AM WHAT I AM; or I AM
WILL BE WHAT I WILL BE; or simply I AM.
 ISLAM
- Muhammad wrote the Quran and founded
Islam in Mecca, Arabia, in 622 AD.
- Muslims are monotheistic and worship one,
all-knowing God, who in Arabic is known as Allah.
Followers of Islam aim to live a life of complete
12-PIETY Coloma
submission to Allah. They believe that nothing can
happen without Allah's permission, but humans have
free will.
- The religious obligations of all Muslims are
summed up in the Five Pillars of Islam, which
include belief in God and his Prophet and obligations
of prayer, charity, pilgrimage, and fasting. The
fundamental concept of Islam is the Sharīʿāh—its
law, which embraces the total way of life
commanded by God.
 CATHOLIC CHURCH
- Jesus Christ founded his Church on Pentecost
Day, 33 AD, and appointed Peter as the 1st Pope.
- Catholics worship the One and Only God,
who is the Trinity (Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.) He
is ONE God, in three divine Persons, and his name is
YHWH or Yahweh. The second Person of this
Trinity (the Son) came to earth and took on
humanity. His name is Yeshua (meaning: “Yahweh
Saves”).
L4: ECUMENISM
- is a movement that promotes unity among
Christian churches or denominations.
CHURCH HOLY
 The Church is HOLY because it is the
Temple of the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit
initiated the Church on Pentecost day,
enriches the Church with countless
charisms, and will guide the Church to her
final destiny in Paradise.
‘SO BE PERFECT, JUST AS YOUR
HEAVENLY FATHER IS PERFECT.’ -
MATTHEW 5:48
To understand this passage, we must begin to
understand the word perfect. The Greek word for
perfect is teleios. It does not mean ‘sinless
perfection.’ instead, it means: ‘full-grown, mature, - Successor of Peter
complete, in good working order, sound, fully
instructed, to reach your goal.’ - Vicar of Christ

- Perpetual and visible source and foundation of

CHURCH CATHOLIC
the unity of the Church.
 In the Bible we cannot find the exact word
Catholic as referring to the Church, but only BISHOP
the fact that the Church is not identified with
- From episcopos which means ‘overseer.’
one country, but embraces all the nations on
earth. The word Catholic means ‘universal’, - Successor of the apostles
in the sense of ‘according to the totality’ or
‘in keeping with the whole’. - The visible source and foundation of the unity in
 St. Ignatius of Antioch was the first person his own particular Church.
to use the term ‘Catholic Church’ in the
‘Letter to the Christians of Smyrna’ (107 PRIEST
AD), when he wrote: ‘Wherever Jesus
- From presbyteros which means ‘elder.’
Christ is, there is the Catholic Church.’
- Co-worker of the bishop. Priests are essentially
CHURCH APOSTOLIC assistants to the bishop.
 The Church is APOSTOLIC because it is
founded on the 12 Apostles. St. Peter, as the
first apostle, and all the succeeding Popes,
DEACON
are the heads of the Church.
- From diakonia which means ‘in the service’ of
APOSTOLIC SUCCESSION the Church.
- is the unbroken chain of ordinations connecting - Servant of the Church.
all the bishops – and the deacons and priests ordained
by them – to one of the Apostles. WHY THE CHURCH IS CALLED ROMAN?
- because the two greatest Apostles, Sts. Peter and
CARDINALS
Paul, died as martyrs in Rome. For this reason, Rome
are Archbishops/Bishops who have been given became the center of the Church and the Bishop of
special designation to be eligible as the next Pope. Rome is acknowledge as the Pope.
They are appointed by the Pope.
L5: SCRIPTURAL IMAGES OF THE
MONSIGNOR CHURCH
is a special designation given to a priest of
exemplary stature.

TWO TYPES OF DEACONS

 Permanent who is married

 Traditional who is on his way to becoming a
priest.

POPE

- Bishop of Rome

12-PIETY Coloma
12-PIETY Coloma
12-PIETY Coloma