LACDAO, C. L.

-RRL
Foreign Study

Gender distinctions affect the upkeep of lavatory cleanliness, according to research done by
Abney et al in 2021. They found that, when compared to men, women generally demonstrate higher
levels of cleanliness in restrooms. This result is in line with research by Rogers (2019), which found
that female respondents adhered more closely to good bathroom hygiene behaviors, such as flushing
toilets, correctly disposing of waste, and handwashing. However, Moreira et al. (2021) gave a
different viewpoint, stating that their research revealed that males and girls in public restrooms both
displayed equivalent levels of cleanliness. These results emphasize the necessity of additional
research into the complex link between gender and lavatory cleanliness. Existing literature suggests a
connection between sex and proper practices of maintaining restroom cleanliness. While some
studies indicate that women generally exhibit better cleanliness habits, other studies provide
contrasting findings, suggesting comparable cleanliness levels between genders. Understanding the
relationship between sex and restroom cleanliness will aid in the development of targeted
interventions that can contribute to a cleaner and healthier public environment.

References:
S.E. Abney, K.R. Bright, J. McKinney, M. Khalid Ijaz, C.P. Gerba (2021). Toilet hygiene—review and
research needs. Journal of Applied Microbiology.

Rogers, A. (2019). Women vs. Men: Who’s Cleaner in the Restroom? Disease Prevention, Health and
Safety

Moreira, F. D., Rezende S., Passos, F., (2021).Public toilets from the perspective of users: a case study
in a public place, Brazil. Journal of Water and Health, 15(1), 78-89.

Promoting public hygiene and health requires that restrooms be kept clean. Understanding
the variables influencing sanitation behaviors requires investigating the association between age and
appropriate bathroom hygiene practices. In order to assess whether there is a substantial correlation
between age and bathroom cleanliness practices. Multiple studies conducted suggest that there is no
substantial relationship between age and proper practices of maintaining restroom cleanliness. A
study byWu and Lam et al (2019) found no significant differences in restroom cleanliness behaviors
among different age groups, including younger adults and older adults. Similarly, a survey conducted
by Kim (2019) revealed no significant correlation between age and adherence to cleanliness practices,
such as flushing toilets, disposing of waste properly, and handwashing. According to the existing
research, there is no conclusive relationship between age and the right procedures for maintaining a
clean restroom. According to numerous studies, people of all ages exhibit equivalent levels of
adherence to cleanliness behaviors in public restrooms. These results emphasize the significance of
establishing inclusive strategies that promote adequate toilet hygiene among all age groups. It is
advised to conduct more research to examine additional variables that might affect how clean
restrooms are kept as well as to create all-encompassing plans for keeping the public space clean and
safe.

References:
Dan Wu, Tai Pong Lam, Hoi Yan Chan, Kwok Fai Lam, Xu Dong Zhou, Jia Yao Xu, Kai Sing Sun & Pak
Leung Ho (2019). A mixed-methods study on toilet hygiene practices among Chinese in Hong Kong.
BMC Public Health.

Kim, Jong-Gyu (2019). Gender and Age Differences in Hand Hygiene Practices among the General
Population. Korea Science.
Explanation:

This discusses the impact of gender on restroom cleanliness. Abney et al. (2021) conducted research
indicating that women generally exhibit higher levels of cleanliness in restrooms compared to men.
The study by Rogers (2019), which also discovered that females demonstrated higher cleanliness
practices in restrooms, including flushing toilets, correctly disposing of waste, and handwashing, is
consistent with this conclusion. However, Moreira et al. (2021) gave a contrary viewpoint, claiming
that their research showed that males and females in public restrooms had comparable levels of
cleanliness. The disparate results emphasize the need for additional study to fully comprehend the
complex relationship between gender and lavatory cleanliness. The body of research suggests a link
between gender and good hygiene practices in restrooms, but more research is needed to fully
understand this association and to develop interventions that are more focused on fostering a cleaner
and healthier public environment.

This review focuses on the association between age and proper bathroom hygiene practices. This
study suggests that there is no significant relationship between age and maintaining restroom
cleanliness. According to Wu & Lam et al. (2019), there were no appreciable differences in bathroom
cleanliness practices between younger and older persons. In a similar vein, Kim's poll from 2019 found
no statistically significant link between adherence to cleanliness standards and age. According to the
available studies, individuals of all ages demonstrate comparable levels of commitment to cleanliness
habits in public restrooms. These results highlight the need of putting in place inclusive programs that
encourage good toilet hygiene among all age groups. It is advised to carry out more research to
examine additional factors that might affect restroom cleanliness and to create comprehensive plans
for keeping public areas clean and safe.

Tagalog:

Sinasabi dito ang epekto ng kasarian sa kalinisan ng banyo. Abney et al. (2021) ay nagsagawa ng
pananaliksik na nagsasabing na ang mga kababaihan sa pangkalahatan ay nagpapakita ng mas mataas
na antas ng kalinisan sa mga banyo kumpara sa mga lalaki. Ang pag-aaral ni Rogers (2019), na
natuklasan din na ang mga babae ay nagpakita ng mas mataas na kasanayan sa kalinisan sa mga
banyo, kabilang ang pag-flush ng mga banyo, wastong pagtatapon ng basura, at paghuhugas ng
kamay, ay naaayon sa konklusyong ito. Gayunpaman, ang Moreira et al. (2021) ay nagbigay ng
kabaligtaran na pananaw, na sinasabing ang kanilang pananaliksik ay nagpakita na ang mga lalaki at
babae sa mga pampublikong banyo ay may maihahambing na antas ng kalinisan. Ang magkakaibang
resulta ay binibigyang-diin ang pangangailangan para sa karagdagang pag-aaral upang lubos na
maunawaan ang kumplikadong kaugnayan sa pagitan ng kasarian at kalinisan ng banyo.

Nakatuon ang pag-aaral na ito sa kaugnayan sa pagitan ng edad at wastong mga kasanayan sa
kalinisan sa banyo. Iminumungkahi ng pag-aaral na ito na walang kaugnayan sa pagitan ng edad at
pagpapanatili ng kalinisan ng banyo. Ayon kay Wu & Lam et al. (2019), walang kapansin-pansing
pagkakaiba sa mga kasanayan sa kalinisan sa banyo sa pagitan ng mga mas bata at mas matatandang
tao. Sa katulad na paraan, ang poll ni Kim mula 2019 ay walang nakitang makabuluhang link sa
istatistika sa pagitan ng pagsunod sa mga pamantayan sa kalinisan at edad. Ayon sa mga magagamit
na pag-aaral, ang mga indibidwal sa lahat ng edad ay nagpapakita ng maihahambing na antas ng
pangako sa mga gawi sa kalinisan sa mga pampublikong banyo. Ipinakikita ng mga resultang ito ang
pangangailangan ng paglalagay ng mga programang na naghihikayat sa mabuting kalinisan sa banyo
sa lahat ng pangkat ng edad.