Law of Refraction

Presentation by
Group 4
Law of Refraction
➢ When light travels from one medium to another, it
generally bends, or refracts. The law of refraction
gives us a way of predicting the amount of bend.
➢ The law of refraction states that the incident ray, the
refracted ray, and the normal to the interface, all lie in
the same plane.
➢ The ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the
sine of the angle of refraction is constant. This is also
known as Snell’s law of refraction.
What is refraction of light?

➢ Refraction is the bending of light (it also happens with sound,

water and other waves) as it passes from one transparent
substance into another.

➢ This bending by refraction makes it possible for us to have

lenses, magnifying glasses, prisms and rainbows. Even our eyes
depend upon this bending of light. Without refraction, we
wouldn’t be able to focus light onto our retina.
Change of speed causes change of direction

➢ Light refracts whenever it travels at an angle into a

substance with a different refractive index (optical
density). This change of direction is caused by a change in
speed.

➢ For example, when light travels from air into water, it

slows down, causing it to continue to travel at a different
angle or direction.
How much does light bend?
 Application and example of refraction

➢ Binoculars and Telescopes

➢ Prism
➢ Microscopes
➢ Convex security mirrors
➢ Camera lenses ( wide lenses and
micro lenses)
➢ Eye glasses
 Conclusion
➢ Refraction of light is a phenomenon that occurs when light
travels from one medium to another with a different refractive
index.
➢ The bending of light causes the image to appear distorted, and
the amount of bending depends on the angle of incidence and
the refractive index of the medium.
➢ This phenomenon is seen in everyday life,
➢ Such as when a straw appears bent in a glass of water
➢ When a fish appears closer to the surface of the water than it
actually is.
➢ The understanding of refraction has led to the development of
lenses, which are used in eyeglasses, telescopes, and
microscopes, among other applications.
When Jesus spoke again to the people, he said, “I am the
light of the world. Whoever follows me will never walk in
darkness, but will have the light of life.”

- John 8:12
Group 4 members:

Espino, Luis David

Gacias, Lewis Vincent

Catapang, Sean Rikcel

Sanchez, Jairus Aaron

 Source
https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/49-refraction-of-light#:~:text=Refraction%20is%2
0the%20bending%20of,upon%20this%20bending%20of%20light

https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/49-refraction-of-light#:~:text=Refraction%20is%2
0the%20bending%20of,upon%20this%20bending%20of%20light