DSL-BESL-01-PR-RPT-002 - Hydraulic Simulation Report - R01

Classification Status RESTRICTED
Project Name OLOMA CRUDE OIL INJECTION

PROJECT
Project Ref. DSL-BESL-01
Document Title HYDRAULIC SIMULATION REPORT
Document No. DSL-BESL-01-PR-RPT-002
Revision No. R01
Revision Date 03-09-2022
REVISION HISTORY
Revision Date Description Originator Checker Approver
R01 03-09-2022 Issued for Review M.O S.S S.S

Project: OLOMA CRUDE OIL INJECTION PROJECT
Title: Hydraulic Simulation Report
Doc. No.: DSL-BESL-01-PR-RPT-002 Page 2 of 21
Client: Donna Spectre Limited

Doc No: DSL-BESL-01-PR-RPT-002 Project Ref: DSL-BESL-01
Project: Oloma Crude Oil Injection Project Node: N/A

Document Title: Hydraulic Simulation Report
SUMMARY
This report is aimed at analysing the hydraulics of the pipeline models in order to ascertain the
most optimal case ( in terms of cost, operational complexity and EVR amongst other factors) to be
adopted.
The results of the analysis suggests that case 1 is the most preferred option base on the
aforementioned factors. Discharging the crude from each vessel at an optimum rate of 40KBPD
via an 8” line is thus recommended.
REFERENCES HOLDS
Originator Document No Description Page
ADDITIONAL AGREEMENT / APPROVAL RECORDS
Party Rev Name Sign Date
REVISION PHILOSOPHY
All revisions for review will be issued at R01, with subsequent R02, R03, etc as required
Documents issued for approved will be issued at A01, A02, and A03 respectively
Documents issued for construction will be issued at C01, C02, and C03 respectively
Documents or drawings revised as “As built” will be issued as Z01, Z02, Z03, etc
Narrative sections revised from previous approved issues are to be noted in the table below and/or
highlighted in the RH margin (using the appropriate revision status) thus: | A02
Previous revision highlighting to be removed at subsequent issues
Drawings/diagrams revised from previous approved issues are highlighted by “clouding” the affected
areas and by the use of a triangle containing the revision status
REVISION HISTORY
Rev No Date of Issue Reason for change
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION 5
1.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 5

1.2 OBJECTIVE 5
1.3 ABBREVIATIONS 5
1.4 UNITS 6
1.5 CODES AND STANDARDS 7
2 SIMULATION 8
2.1 SOFTWARE 8
2.2 DESIGN FLOWRATE 8
2.3 FLUID COMPOSITION 8
2.4 FLUID TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE 9
2.5 PIPELINE MATERIAL 9
2.6 PIPELINE LENGTH 9
2.7 HEAT TRANSFER 9
2.8 SIZING CRITERIA 10
2.8.1 Arrival Pressure ................................................................................................................................ 10
2.8.2 Flow Velocity..................................................................................................................................... 10
2.8.3 Erosion Velocity Ratio (EVR)............................................................................................................ 10
2.8.4 Other Key Requirements .................................................................................................................. 10
3 MODEL DESCRIPTION 11
4 PIPELINE DESIGN CASES 12
4.1 CASE 1 12
4.2 CASE 2 12
4.3 CASE 3 12
5 RESULTS 13
5.1 CASE 1 13
5.2 CASE 2 15
5.3 CASE 3 18
6 RECOMMENDATION 21
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
In its quest to enhance efficient crude evacuation from the eastern Niger Delta area,
DONNA SPECTRE intends to put in place two (2) nos pipelines inclusive of valves
and metering system for crude oil discharge from crude oil laden vessels with
berthing location along Oloma river to two existing manifold on the field 24” and 28”
Bomu Bonny Pipeline owned by SPDC at Oloma flow station..
1.2 OBJECTIVE
This report is aimed at the following:
 Presenting the basis, assumptions and inputs used for the process
hydraulic calculations
 Determine optimum flow along the 8” pipelines for both the valve platforms
A and B, considering desired arrival pressure of 4 barg required at the
existing two (2No) manifolds on the 24” and 28” Bomu – Bonny pipelines.
1.3 ABBREVIATIONS
API American Petroleum Institute
ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers
BESL Brownfield Energy Services Limited
BoD Basis of Design
BPD Barrels Per Day
BWPD Barrels of Water per Day
DSL Donna Spectre Limited
EVR Erosion Velocity Ratio
HSE Health Safety and Environment
ID Internal Diameter
KBPD Kilo Barrels Per Day

LACT Lease Automatic Custody Transfer
MSL Mean Sea Level
ND Nominal Diameter
NPS Nominal Pipe Size
P&ID Piping and Instrumentation Diagram
PFD Process Flow Diagram
1.4 UNITS
The units shown below (SI units in general) shall be used as the main design units
and all values quoted shall be in these units. It is possible to show alternative
values and units as indicated in the brackets only, after the design unit when it is
believed desirable. The size of the unit shall be appropriate to the value being
measured.
DESCRIPTION UNIT
Nominal Pipe Diameter Inches (mm)
Wall Thickness mm
Valve Sizes mm (inch)
Length m (mm or km)
Area m2
Liquid Volume m3
Volumetric Oil Flowrate MBPD
Standard Gas Volumetric Flowrate MMSCFD (mN3/h)
Velocity m/s
Density Kg/m3
Pressure Bara or barg
Temperature ℃
Table 1-1: Units of Measurement
1.5 CODES AND STANDARDS
API 14E Recommended practice for design and installation of offshore

production platform piping systems
API 5L Specification for line pipe
ASME B31.3 Process piping
ASME B31.4 Pipeline transportation systems for liquid hydrocarbons and other
liquids
2 SIMULATION
2.1 SOFTWARE
The hydraulic simulation of the pipelines was carried out using Aspen HYSYS v12.1
software package, utilizing Peng-Robinson steady state equation of state as the fluid
property package.
2.2 DESIGN FLOWRATE
The intent is to unload the Atlantic Wave 1 and Atlantic Wave 2 vessels, laden with
30,000 barrels of crude each in 12 hours. The design flowrate of the pipeline is 60,000
BPD.
2.3 FLUID COMPOSITION
Below table outlines the composition of the crude from Asaramatoru fluid.
Table 1: Crude Composition
Component Mole %
Methane 0.00
Ethane 0.04
Propane 0.30
i-Butane 0.41
n-Butane 1.23
i-Pentane 1.20
n-Pentane 1.46
C6 3.40
C7 7.00
C8 10.12
C9 7.93
C10 6.54
C11 5.21
C12 4.68
C13 5.14
C14 5.05
C15 5.43
C16 3.98
C17 3.27
C18 3.84
C19 2.86
C20 2.38
C21 2.06
C22 1.93
C23 1.75
C24 1.63
C25 1.52
C26 1.29
C27 1.28
C28 1.23
C29 1.25
C30+ 4.59
TOTAL 100.0
API Gravity 39.19

Density 839 kg/m3
BS&W 0.05
2.4 FLUID TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE
The crude is taken from the Vessels A&B, the temperature and pressure of the crude is
at ambient and atmospheric conditions respectively.
2.5 PIPELINE MATERIAL
The pipeline material is API 5L Grade X52.
2.6 PIPELINE LENGTH
The estimated hose length from the berthing positions of both vessels to the valve
platforms is 100m each, while the estimated distance from the two valve platforms A and
B to the Oloma manifolds are respectively 1,545m and 1,826m.
2.7 HEAT TRANSFER
The pipeline will run on surface. For the purpose of heat transfer, the thermal conductivity
of Carbon Steel is taken as 45 W/m.K.
The minimum ambient temperature (25°C), the assumed mean ambient temperature
(27°C) and the maximum ambient temperature (38°C) have been used.
2.8 SIZING CRITERIA
The pipelines shall be sized based on the sizing criteria set in API 14E.
2.8.1 Arrival Pressure

The arrival pressure at Oloma manifolds shall be 4 barg circa.
2.8.2 Flow Velocity

The hydraulic design checks shall be carried out to ensure that maximum velocity in
the pipeline does not exceed 4.6 m/s.
2.8.3 Erosion Velocity Ratio (EVR)

The pipeline shall be sized such that the EVR shall be less than 1. This is necessary to
prevent loss of wall thickness which may occur as a result of erosion/ by the fluid.
2.8.4 Other Key Requirements

The following key requirements shall also be reviewed in the design checks.
 Pressure drop along pipeline length

 Capital expenditure
 Operational Complexity
3 MODEL DESCRIPTION
The model was built with the composition described in Table 1. Varying flowrates were used for the analysis. Figure 1 shows a typical
model developed for the analysis.
Figure 1: Pipeline Schematic

4 PIPELINE DESIGN CASES
4.1 CASE 1
The vessels’ inventory (40,000barrels each) is discharged and injected into the manifolds within
24 hours using 8” hose and pipeline respectively.
4.2 CASE 2
The vessels’ inventory (60,000barrels each) is discharged and injected into the manifolds within
24 hours using 8” hose and pipeline respectively.
4.3 CASE 3
The vessels’ inventory (80,000barrels each) is discharged and injected into the manifolds
within 24 hours using 8” hose and pipeline respectively.
5 RESULTS
5.1 CASE 1
The results of the hydraulic calculation for Case 1 are presented in Table 2 below.
Table 2: Summary Table for Case 1
S/N Description Results

Valve Platform A to Valve Platform B to
28” BBPL 24” BBPL
1 Pressure in Cargo vessel (barg) 0.0 0.0
2 Pump Discharge Pressure (barg) 8.726 9.28
4 Arrival Pressure at Oloma 28” M/F (barg) 4.0 -
5 Arrival Pressure at Oloma 24” M/F (barg) - 4.0
6 Fluid Velocity in Pipeline (m/s) 2.3114 2.3115
7 Average EVR in Pipeline 0.5024 0.5025
Figure 2: Pressure Profile (Case 1) – Platform A

Figure 3: Velocity Profile (Case 1) – Platform A
Figure 4: Pressure Profile (Case 1) – Platform B

Figure 5: Velocity Profile (Case 1) – Platform B
5.2 CASE 2
The results of the hydraulic calculation for Case 2 are presented in Table 3 below.




5.3 CASE 3
The results of the hydraulic calculation for case 3 are presented in table 4 below.




6 RECOMMENDATION
The following pertinent factors are taken into consideration when making the
recommendation:
 Pressure drop along the pipeline length
 Erosional velocity criteria (EVR)
 Potential external stakeholder issues
 Capital expenditure
 Operational complexity
Key discrimination criteria adopted were: Capex; EVR and operational complexity.
Table 5: Comparative Assessment of cases
Pipeline
Operational Pressure
CASES CAPEX EVR Complexity Drop Remarks
CASE 1 ++ ++ ++ ++ ACCEPT
CASE 2 ++ ++ ++ ++ ACCEPT
CASE 3 −− −− −− - REJECT
Legend
++ Most Preferred
+ Preferred
− Not Desirable
−− Highly Undesirable
Based on the comparative analysis presented in Table 5 above, cases 1 and 2 are
acceptable cases, however case 2 gives the higher yield and it is the most optimal, and
thus recommended.
This case (60KBPD via an 8” line) eliminates operational complexity that may arise due
to reconfiguration of the existing pumps on Vessel as the pump discharge flange rating
may most likely be limited to 150# class. It also limits CAPEX as well as pumping cost,
and also has little or no pipe wall eroding concerns that could be caused by very high
velocity of flow within the pipe when compared to the other two cases.

DSL-BESL-01-PR-RPT-002 - Hydraulic Simulation Report - R01

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

DSL-BESL-01-PR-RPT-002 - Hydraulic Simulation Report - R01

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Classification Status RESTRICTED

Project Name OLOMA CRUDE OIL INJECTION

R01 03-09-2022 Issued for Review M.O S.S S.S

Client: Donna Spectre Limited

Project: Oloma Crude Oil Injection Project Node: N/A

ADDITIONAL AGREEMENT / APPROVAL RECORDS

Party Rev Name Sign Date

1.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 5

4 PIPELINE DESIGN CASES 12

1.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

This report is aimed at the following:

API American Petroleum Institute

ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers

BESL Brownfield Energy Services Limited

BoD Basis of Design

BPD Barrels Per Day

BWPD Barrels of Water per Day

DSL Donna Spectre Limited

EVR Erosion Velocity Ratio

HSE Health Safety and Environment

KBPD Kilo Barrels Per Day

LACT Lease Automatic Custody Transfer

MSL Mean Sea Level

NPS Nominal Pipe Size

P&ID Piping and Instrumentation Diagram

PFD Process Flow Diagram

Nominal Pipe Diameter Inches (mm)

Valve Sizes mm (inch)

Length m (mm or km)

Volumetric Oil Flowrate MBPD

Standard Gas Volumetric Flowrate MMSCFD (mN3/h)

Pressure Bara or barg

Table 1-1: Units of Measurement

1.5 CODES AND STANDARDS

API 14E Recommended practice for design and installation of offshore

API 5L Specification for line pipe

ASME B31.3 Process piping

2.2 DESIGN FLOWRATE

2.3 FLUID COMPOSITION

Table 1: Crude Composition

API Gravity 39.19

2.4 FLUID TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE

2.5 PIPELINE MATERIAL

The pipeline material is API 5L Grade X52.

2.6 PIPELINE LENGTH

2.7 HEAT TRANSFER

2.8 SIZING CRITERIA

2.8.1 Arrival Pressure

2.8.2 Flow Velocity

2.8.3 Erosion Velocity Ratio (EVR)

2.8.4 Other Key Requirements

 Pressure drop along pipeline length

Figure 1: Pipeline Schematic

4 PIPELINE DESIGN CASES

Table 2: Summary Table for Case 1

S/N Description Results

2 Pump Discharge Pressure (barg) 8.726 9.28

4 Arrival Pressure at Oloma 28” M/F (barg) 4.0 -

5 Arrival Pressure at Oloma 24” M/F (barg) - 4.0

6 Fluid Velocity in Pipeline (m/s) 2.3114 2.3115

7 Average EVR in Pipeline 0.5024 0.5025

Figure 2: Pressure Profile (Case 1) – Platform A