Naming Compounds 5

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 Naming compounds
1. Chapter 5 Nomenclature
2. Naming Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage
Learning. All rights reserved 2 5.1 Naming Compounds 5.2
Naming Binary Compounds That Contain a Metal and a No 5.3
Naming Binary Compounds That Contain Only Nonmetals 5.4
Naming Binary Compounds: A Review 5.5 Naming Compounds
That Contain Polyatomic Ions 5.6 Naming Acids 5.7 Writing
Formulas from Names
Learning. All rights reserved 3 • Binary Compounds Composed
of two elements • Binary Ionic Compounds Metal—nonmetal •
Binary Covalent Compounds Nonmetal—nonmetal
Learning. All rights reserved 4 • Binary ionic compounds contain
positive cations and negative anions. Type I compounds •
Metal present forms only one cation. Type II compounds •
Metal present can form 2 or more cations with di!erent charges.
Learning. All rights reserved 5 Metals (Groups I, II, and III) and
Non-Metals Metal _________ + Non-Metal _________ideSodium
Chlorine Sodium Chloride NaCl Type I Compounds
Learning. All rights reserved 6 Common Simple Cations and
Anions
Learning. All rights reserved 7 1. The cation is always named first
and the anion second. 2. A simple cation takes its name from the
name of the element. 3. A simple anion is named by taking the
first part of the element name (the root) and adding –ide. Rules
for Naming Type I Ionic Compounds
Learning. All rights reserved 8 • Examples: KCl Potassium
chloride MgBr2 Magnesium bromide CaO Calcium oxide Binary
Ionic Compounds (Type I)
Learning. All rights reserved 9 Exercise What is the name of the
compound SrBr2? a) strontium bromine b) sulfur bromide c)
strontium dibromide d) strontium bromide
Learning. All rights reserved 10 Binary Ionic Compounds (Type II)
• Metals in these compounds can form more than one type of
positive charge. • Charge on the metal ion must be specified. •
Roman numeral indicates the charge of the metal cation. •
Transition metal cations usually require a Roman numeral.
Learning. All rights reserved 11 Metals (Transition Metals) and
Non-Metals Metal ______ +Roman Numeral (__) + Non-Metal
________ideIron III Bromine Iron (III) Bromide FeBr3 Compare
with Iron (II) Bromide FeBr2 Metals (Transition Metals) and Non-
Metals Older System Metal (Latin) _______ + ous or ic + Non-
Metal ________ideFerrous Bromine Ferrous Bromide FeBr2
Compare with Ferric Bromide FeBr3 Type II Compounds
Learning. All rights reserved 12 Common Type II Cations
Learning. All rights reserved 13 1. The cation is always named
first and the anion second. 2. Because the cation can assume
more than one charge, the charge is specified by a Roman
numeral in parentheses. Rules for Naming Type II Ionic
Compounds
Learning. All rights reserved 14 • Examples: CuBr Copper(I)
bromide FeS Iron(II) sulfide PbO2 Lead(IV) oxide Binary Ionic
Compounds (Type II)
compound CrO2? a) chromium oxide b) chromium(II) oxide c)
chromium(IV) oxide d) chromium dioxide
Learning. All rights reserved 16 Exercise What is the correct name
of the compound that results from the most stable ion for sulfur
and the metal ion that contains 24 electrons? a) iron(III) sulfide
b) chromium(II) sulfide c) nickel(III) sulfate d) iron(II) sulfide
Learning. All rights reserved 17 • Formed between two
nonmetals. 1. The first element in the formula is named first, and
the full element name is used. 2. The second element is named
as though it were an anion. 3. Prefixes are used to denote the
numbers of atoms present. 4. The prefix mono- is never used for
naming the first element. Rules for Naming Type III Binary
Compounds
Learning. All rights reserved 18 Type III Compounds Non-Metals
and Non-Metals Use Prefixes such as mono, di, tri, tetra, penta,
hexa, hepta, etc. CO2 Carbon dioxide CO Carbon monoxide PCl3
Phosphorus trichloride CCl4 Carbon tetrachloride N2O5
Dinitrogen pentoxide CS2 Carbon disulfide
Learning. All rights reserved 19 Prefixes Used to Indicate
Numbers in Chemical Names 9 nona- 10 deca- 11 undeca- 12
dodeca- 13 trideca- 14 tetradeca- 15 pentadeca- 16 hexadeca- 17
heptadeca- 18 octadeca- 19 nonadeca- 20 icosa Additional
Prefixes
Learning. All rights reserved 20 • Examples: CO2 Carbon dioxide
SF6 Sulfur hexafluoride N2O4 Dinitrogen tetroxide Binary
Covalent Compounds (Type III)
compound SeO2? a) selenium oxide b) selenium dioxide c)
selenium(II) oxide d) selenium(IV) dioxide
Learning. All rights reserved 22 Flow Chart for Naming Binary
Compounds
Learning. All rights reserved 23 Let’s Practice! Name the
following. CaF2 K2S CoI2 SnF2 SnF4 OF2 CuI2 CuI SO2 SrS LiBr
Strontium Sulfide Lithium Bromide Copper (I) Iodide or Cuprous
Iodide Sulfur dioxide Copper (II) Iodide or Cupric Iodide Oxygen
diflouride Tin (IV) Fluoride or Stannic Fluoride Tin (II) Fluoride or
Stannous Fluoride Cobalt (II) Iodide or Cobaltous Iodide
Potassium Sulfide Calcium Flouride
Learning. All rights reserved 24 • Polyatomic ions are charged
entities composed of several atoms bound together. • They have
special names and must be memorized.
Learning. All rights reserved 25 Names of Common Polyatomic
Ions (page 130)
Learning. All rights reserved 26 • Naming ionic compounds
containing polyatomic ions follows rules similar to those for
binary compounds. Ammonium acetate
Learning. All rights reserved 27 NaOH Sodium hydroxide
Mg(NO3)2 Magnesium nitrate (NH4)2SO4 Ammonium sulfate
FePO4 Iron(III) phosphate Examples
Learning. All rights reserved 28 Overall Strategy for Naming
Chemical Compounds
compound KClO3? a) potassium chlorite b) potassium chlorate
c) potassium perchlorate d) potassium carbonate
Learning. All rights reserved 30 Exercise Examine the following
table of formulas and names. Which of the compounds are
named correctly? a) I, II b) I, III, IV c) I, IV d) I only Formula Name I
P2 O5 Diphosphorus pentoxide II ClO2 Chlorine oxide III PbI4
Lead iodide IV CuSO4 Copper(I) sulfate
Learning. All rights reserved 31 • Acids can be recognized by the
hydrogen that appears first in the formula—HCl. • Molecule with
one or more H+ ions attached to an anion. Acids
Learning. All rights reserved 32 • If the anion does not contain
oxygen, the acid is named with the prefix hydro– and the su!ix –
ic attached to the root name for the element. • Examples: HCl
Hydrochloric acid HCN Hydrocyanic acid H2S Hydrosulfuric acid
Rules for Naming Acids
Learning. All rights reserved 33 Acids That Do Not Contain
Oxygen
Learning. All rights reserved 34 • If the anion contains oxygen:
The su!ix –ic is added to the root name if the anion name ends
in –ate. • Examples: HNO3 Nitric acid H2SO4Sulfuric acid
HC2H3O2 Acetic acid Rules for Naming Acids
Learning. All rights reserved 35 • If the anion contains oxygen:
The su!ix –ous is added to the root name if the anion name ends
in –ite. • Examples: HNO2 Nitrous acid H2SO3Sulfurous acid
HClO2 Chlorous acid Rules for Naming Acids
Learning. All rights reserved 36 Some Oxygen-Containing Acids
Learning. All rights reserved 37 Flowchart for Naming Acids
Learning. All rights reserved 38 Exercise Which of the following
compounds is named incorrectly? a) KNO3 potassium nitrate b)
TiO2 titanium(II) oxide c) Sn(OH)4tin(IV) hydroxide d) PBr5
phosphorus pentabromide e) H2SO3 sulfurous acid
Learning. All rights reserved 39 • Sodium hydroxide NaOH •
Potassium carbonate K2 CO3 • Sulfuric acid H2 SO4 •
Dinitrogen pentoxide N2 O5 • Cobalt(III) nitrate Co(NO3 )3
Examples
Learning. All rights reserved 40 Exercise A compound has the
formula XCl3 where X could represent a metal or nonmetal. What
could the name of this compound be? a) phosphorus trichloride
b) carbon monochloride c) tin(IV) chloride d) magnesium
chloride
Learning. All rights reserved 41 Lets Practice Some More! HF
Na2CO3 H2CO3 KMnO4 HClO4 H2S NaOH CuSO4 PbCrO4 H2O
NH3 Hydrooxic acid (no……just water) Nitrogen trihydride
(no..just ammonia) Copper (II) sulfate or Cupric sulfate Lead (II)
chromate or Plubous chromate Sodium hydroxide Hyrdogen
sulfuric acid Perchloric acid Potassium permanganate Sodium
carbonate Hydroflouric acid Carbonic acid
Editor's Notes
Strontium bromide. Sr is the symbol for strontium.

Br is the symbol for bromine, but t ake the first
part of the element name (the root) and add – ide
to get the name bromide.
Chromium(IV) oxide. Cr is the symbol for
chromium. O is the symbol for oxygen, but t ake
the first part of the element name (the root) and
add – ide to get the name oxide. Since chromium
can have more than one charge, a Roman numeral
must be used to identify that charge. There are
two oxygen ions each with a 2– charge, giving an
overall charge of –4. Therefore, the charge on
chromium must be +4.
Iron(II) sulfide. For sulfur, t ake the first part of the
element name (the root) and add – ide to get the
name sulfide. Iron with a +2 charge (as the Roman
numeral indicates) contains 24 electrons (26p –
24e = +2 charge).
Selenium dioxide. Se is the symbol for selenium. O
is the symbol for oxygen, but t ake the first part of
the element name (the root) and add – ide to get
the name oxide. Since they are both nonmetals,
prefixes are used to identify the elements (except
mono- is not used for the first element). Two
oxygen atoms require the use of the prefix di-,
making the name dioxide.
ClO 3 – is the polyatomic ion chlorate.
Only Formula I is named correctly. Formula II is
chlorine dioxide. Formula III is lead(IV) iodide.
Formula IV is copper(II) sulfate.
The correct answer is “b”. The charge on oxygen is
2–. Since there are two oxygen atoms, the overall
charge is 4–. Therefore, the charge on titanium
must be 4+ (not 2+ as the Roman numeral
indicates).
Phosphorus trichloride. Carbon monochloride has
the formula CCl. Tin(IV) chloride has the formula
SnCl 4 . Magnesium chloride has the formula MgCl
2 . Phosphorus trichloride has the formula PCl 3
and is therefore the correct answer.
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May. 20, 2013 • 13 likes • 7,495 views

Lewis Dot Structure

Chemistry - Chp 9 - Chemical

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Writing and Naming formula

Lecture 8.1- Ionic vs. Covalent

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Strontium bromide. Sr is the symbol for strontium.

Copyright Cookie Preferences English 

Do not sell or share my

© 2023 SlideShare from Scribd  

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