Air pollution

Air pollution refers to the presence in the atmosphere of substances or particles that can be
harmful to human health, ecosystems and the environment in general. These substances can
be of natural origin or caused by human activities.
effects: Air pollution can increase the risk of respiratory infections, heart disease, stroke and
lung cancer.
Causes:
-Burning fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas). This is one of the main causes of Air pollution.
This can generate Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) which can cause respiratory problems and contribute
to the formation of acid rain.
-Climate change: Climate change-related phenomena, such as rising temperatures and
altered weather patterns, can worsen air quality by increasing the frequency and intensity of
events like heatwaves.
-Chemicals used in soils: Often, chemicals, preservatives, fertilizers and similar products are
used in agriculture that end up rising into the atmosphere and have harmful effects on the
ozone layer.
-Mining and extraction of materials: The legal or illegal extraction of materials generates
enormous quantities of gasses that rise into the atmosphere and contaminate the environment.
-Domestic activities: The use of inefficient stoves, fireplaces and heating systems, as well as
the burning of waste in urban and rural areas, can release pollutants into the air near homes.

prevention
Using public transports: Using public transport is a sure short way of contributing to less air
pollution as it provides with less gas and energy. this will can help to Reduce the overall
emissions, Number of vehicles reduced on the roads, Lesser traffic congestion episodes.

Turn off the lights when not in use: The energy that the lights take also contribute to air
pollution, thus less consumption of electricity can save energy. Use energy saving fluorescent
lights to help the environment.

Avoid using of products with chemicals: Products that use the chemicals in their usage or
smell strongly, like paints or perfumes should be used less or outside the house.

Implement Afforestation:plant and grow as many trees as possible. The practice of planting
trees provides a lot of benefits to the environment and helps with the release of oxygen.

Land pollution
Land pollution refers to the destruction or a decline in quality of the earth's surface as a
result of human actions. This could include anything from mining to agriculture to building,
and consequences may be intentional or unintentional.
Effects: Loss of flora, Landscape deterioration, Difficulties for agriculture, Impact on human
healthLoss and contamination of fauna, Global ecosystem impoverishment. Decreased soil
fertility due to the accumulation of heavy metals and chemicals.
Reduced agricultural and forestry productivity due to soil degradation.

Causes
Industrial Activities: Factories, manufacturing facilities, and industrial processes can release
hazardous chemicals, heavy metals, and other pollutants into the soil. These contaminants can
seep into the ground and contaminate the land.
Agricultural Practices: The use of pesticides, herbicides, and chemical fertilizers in
agriculture can lead to soil contamination.
Improper Waste Disposal: The improper disposal of solid waste, including household
garbage, construction debris, and hazardous waste, can lead to land pollution.
Deforestation: Clearing forests for agriculture, urban development, or logging can result in
soil erosion and degradation. The removal of trees and vegetation disrupts the natural
ecosystem and reduces the land's ability to support plant and animal life.

Prevenciones
Proper Chemical and Waste Management: Store hazardous chemicals and waste in
appropriate, safe areas to prevent leaks and spills.
Pesticide and fertilizer reduction: Use agricultural chemicals sparingly and follow
integrated pest management practices to reduce soil contamination.
Promote recycling: Promote the reuse and recycling of materials to reduce the generation of
polluting solid and liquid waste.
Wastewater treatment: Properly treat domestic and industrial wastewater before releasing it
into the environment to avoid contamination of soil and groundwater.
Promoting environmental awareness: Educate individuals, communities and businesses
about the importance of preventing soil pollution and sustainable practices.