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Structures and Functions of Animal Cells - 030031
Structures and Functions of Animal Cells - 030031
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This shows that structures present in living
organisms are usually used as a basis for
designing objects. The structure is always
related to its function.
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Are the structure and functions
of the components that make
up an organism’s body related
to each other?
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Learning Competency
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to do the following:
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Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to do the following:
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Hierarchy of Biological Organization
● In complex multicellular
organisms like animals,
cells come in different
structures and
functions—they differ in
terms of shapes and
sizes, and they also have
specialized functions.
All organisms are made up of at
least one cell.
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Why is the cell considered as
the basic unit of life?
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Hierarchy of Biological Organization
The hierarchy of biological organization includes the assemblage of life from the
smallest biomolecules to the interacting ecosystems of the biosphere. 10
Hierarchy of Biological Organization
Different levels of biological organization
Level of
Biological Description Examples
Organization
Four types of biomolecules
or molecules associated
atoms and molecules with life:
Chemical that make up the ● carbohydrates
basic unit of life ● proteins
● lipids or fats
● nucleic acids
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Hierarchy of Biological Organization
Different levels of biological organization
Level of
Biological Description Examples
Organization
distinct and specialized
subcellular structures that
contribute to the cell’s mitochondria, nucleus,
Organelle maintenance and Golgi apparatus,
reproduction; membrane- endoplasmic reticulum
bound structures in
eukaryotic cells
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Hierarchy of Biological Organization
Different levels of biological organization
Level of
Biological Description Examples
Organization
Level of
Biological Description Examples
Organization
Level of
Biological Description Examples
Organization
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Hierarchy of Biological Organization
Different levels of biological organization
Level of
Biological Description Examples
Organization
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Hierarchy of Biological Organization
Different levels of biological organization
Level of
Biological Description Examples
Organization
formed by different organ
systems that create
humans, grasses,
complex interactions with
Organism dogs, cats,
one another to maintain
balance or homeostasis, mushroom
and sustain life
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Hierarchy of Biological Organization
Different levels of biological organization
Level of
Biological Description Examples
Organization
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Hierarchy of Biological Organization
Different levels of biological organization
Level of
Biological Description Examples
Organization
humans, cats, and
dogs living in the
different populations same house; koalas,
Community
living in the same area kangaroos, and
various tree species in
an area of the forest
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Hierarchy of Biological Organization
Different levels of biological organization
Level of
Biological Description Examples
Organization
Level of
Biological Description Examples
Organization
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Based on the levels of biological
organization, why are sponges
considered the simplest forms
of animals?
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Type of Animal Tissues
Tissues
● These refer to groups
of cells that are
similar in structure
and function.
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Type of Animal Tissues
Epithelial Tissue
Connective Tissue
Muscular Tissue
Nervous Tissue
The different types of cell-cell junctions
characterize various epithelial tissues. 25
Type of Animal Tissues
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Connective Tissues
Epithelial Tissue
Connective Tissue
Muscular Tissue
Epithelial Tissue
Connective Tissue
Muscular Tissue
● layers of a very
Connective Tissue
hard matrix with
Bone or calcium salts
protection
osseous and collagen skull and
Muscular Tissue and
tissue fibers ribs
support
● consists of bone
cells called
Nervous Tissue
lacunae
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Connective Tissues
Connective Tissue
● more flexible ● hyaline
matrix than cartilage
protection
Cartilage bone ● fibro
Muscular Tissue and
● cartilage cells cartilage
support
called ● elastic
chondrocytes cartilage
Nervous Tissue
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Connective Tissues
Connective
Epithelial Tissue Description Examples Functions
Tissues
● Matrix is
Connective Tissue predominantly
Dense
made up of
connective
collagen fibers
or dense ● tendon
Muscular Tissue and has lesser support
fibrous ● ligament
cells.
tissue
● This is a
fibroblast or a
Nervous Tissue
fiber-forming cell.
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Connective Tissues
● Matrix
Connective Tissue ● areolar
contains
tissue
more cells protection,
Loose ● adipose
and lesser insulation,
Muscular Tissue connective tissue or
fibers than storage,
tissue fat tissue
dense and
● reticular
connective support
connective
Nervous Tissue tissue so it is
tissue
softer.
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Connective Tissues
● plasma
Connective Tissue
● Cellular transport
components consist of
of blood cells. ● blood substance,
Muscular Tissue Blood
● with fibers that are ● blood immune
only visible during cells response,
clotting because and blood
Nervous Tissue they are made up of clotting
soluble proteins
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Connective Tissues
Epithelial Tissue
Connective Tissue
Muscular Tissue
long,
Connective Tissue cylindrical,
striated (with
Skeletal attached to visible stripes),
Muscular Tissue muscle the skeleton and voluntary
or bones multinucleated
(with more
than one
Nervous Tissue nucleus)
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Connective Tissues
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Connective Tissues
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Connective Tissues
Epithelial Tissue
Connective Tissue
Muscular Tissue
Epithelial Tissue
Connective Tissue
Muscular Tissue
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Connective Tissues
Epithelial Tissue
Nervous Tissues Location Function
Epithelial Tissue
Nervous Tissues Location Function
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Connective Tissues
Epithelial Tissue
Nervous Tissues Location Function
Connective Tissue
These are
responsible for the
Muscular Tissue CNS
production of the
myelin sheath.
Oligodendrocytes
Nervous Tissue
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Connective Tissues
Epithelial Tissue
Nervous Tissues Location Function
Connective Tissue
Satellite cells
Nervous Tissue
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Connective Tissues
Epithelial Tissue
Nervous Tissues Location Function
Connective Tissue
They surround all
the nerve fibers and
Muscular Tissue PNS produce myelin
sheath similar to the
oligodendrocytes.
Schwann cells
Nervous Tissue
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Remember
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Check Your Understanding
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Check Your Understanding
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Let’s Sum It Up!
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Let’s Sum It Up!
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Let’s Sum It Up!
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Let’s Sum It Up!
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Challenge Yourself
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Photo Credit
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Bibliography
Campbell, Neil A. 2009. Biology (8th Edition). French Forest: Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Campbell, Neil A., Michael L. Cain, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, and Steven Alexander
Wasserman. Biology: a Global Approach. Harlow, Essex, England: Pearson Education Limited,
2018.
Madigan, Michael T., Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew. Sattley, and David A. Stahl. Brock
Biology of Microorganisms. Harlow, United Kingdom: Pearson Education Limited, 2017.
Marieb, Elaine Nicpon. Human Anatomy & Physiology. New York: Pearson Education, 2004.
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