SUBMITTED BY: GROUP 2

DEPARTMENT: BS MATHEMATICS
SUBMITTED TO: DR. AMNA
KALSOOM

Group members

Ameenat Naz (2121) Sawaira Maryam (2151)

Rehana (2158) Khansa Saeed (2072)

Saadia Bibi (2088) Abroo Shahid (2120)

Legendre polynomials
Legendre equation

(1 − 𝑥2)𝑦" − 2𝑥𝑦′ + 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)𝑦 = 0

The solution

Since x=0 is an ordinary point of Legendre equation, we substitute the series𝑦 =

∞
∑𝑘=0 𝐶𝑘 𝑥 𝑘 , shift summation induces, and combine series to get

(1 − 𝑥2)𝑦" − 2𝑥𝑦′ + 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)𝑦

= [𝑛(𝑛 + 1)𝐶0 + 2𝐶2] + [(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 + 2)𝐶1 + 6𝐶3]𝑥
∞

+ ∑[(j + 2)(j + 1)𝐶j+2 + (𝑛 − j)(𝑛 + j + 1)𝐶j]𝑥j = 0

j=2

This implies that

𝑛(𝑛 + 1)𝐶0 + 2𝐶2 = 0

(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 + 2)𝐶1 + 6𝐶3 = 0

(j + 1)(j + 2)𝐶j+2 + (𝑛 − j)(𝑛 + j + 1)𝐶j =

0

𝑛(𝑛+1)𝐶0
Or 𝐶2 = − 2!

𝐶3 = (𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 + 2)𝐶1
3!
(𝑛 − j)(𝑛 + j + 1)𝐶j
𝐶j+2 =− , j = 2,3,4, ….
(1) (j + 2)(j + 1)

Using equation (1) we have for j=2, 3, 4,

(𝑛 − 2)(𝑛 + 3)𝐶2 (𝑛 − 2)𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 3)𝐶0
𝐶4 = − =
4.3 4!
(𝑛 − 3)(𝑛 + 4)𝐶3 (𝑛 − 3)(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 4)𝐶1
𝐶5 = − =
5.4 5!
And so on. Thus we obtain two linearly independent power series solutions:
 Only two pages were converted.
Please Sign Up to convert the full document.

www.freepdfconvert.com/membership