music 9 Quarter 1 week 1&2

Medieval,
Renaissance, &
baroque Music
 Objectives:
1. Describe the musical elements of
selected vocal and instrumental
music of Medieval and Renaissance.
2. Explain the performance practice
(setting, composition, role of
composers/performers, and
audience) during Medieval, and
Renaissance;
3. Relate Medieval and Renaissance to
other art forms and their history
within the era.
Introductory
Activity
Activity 1
Write the letter of your chosen answers in your notebook.
Activity 1
Write the letter of your chosen answers in your notebook.
Activity 2
Write the letter of your chosen answers in your notebook.
Medieval Music
 Medieval Music
Medieval-era music centered around
the church.
Although secular music existed
during Medieval times, most
surviving Medieval compositions
were written as liturgical music.
Historical Background of Medieval Music

The Medieval period started when Rome fell.

Without a powerful state to reinforce control,
barbarians started a violent invasion.
 Historical Background of Medieval Music
Conversion to Christianity of Barbarians Crusades

Meanwhile, Christians figured out that converting these

barbarians to Christianity might stop their violence. They
succeeded in their plans and the converted barbarians, were in
turn, used for the crusades.
 Historical Background of Medieval Music
Black Death

With much travel from place to place and lack of sanitation, a disease
spread called ‘Black Death”. Meanwhile, a city in Italy called
“Florence” started to clean their surroundings to fight this disease
and eventually became prosperous which come to be the “Cradle of
the Renaissance” thus ending the Medieval period.
 Gregorian Chant
Gregorian Chant or plainsong is the sacred vocal music of
the Medieval period. It came from the name of the pope who
compiled them, Pope Gregory.

sacred: relates to religion, church,

or worship
vocal music: music that uses the
human voice as a medium
medieval period: a historical period
from around 300 CE to 1400 CE
Pope Gregory I
Characteristics of Gregorian Chant
A cappella: vocal music performed without
using musical instruments. It is pure voice or
voices!

Monophonic: a piece of music having only one

melodic line.

It is without 2nd voice or blending of voices!

Characteristics of Gregorian Chant
Free meter: a piece of music
without a fixed or regular beat.

Sung by male singers only

Uses church modes (“these are

like our do-re-mi, but having
different tones”)

Uses neumes for notation

Neumes
Troubadours and trouvères of Medieval
Music
Troubadours were traveling
musicians who accompanied their
own singing with string
instruments like lutes, dulcimers,
vielles, psalteries, and hurdy-
gurdies.
Troubadours were particularly
popular during the twelfth century.
 Troubadours and trouvères of
Medieval Music
Trouvères were poet-
musicians who
typically belonged to
the nobility.
They sang in an Old
French dialect called
langue d'oil.
RENAISSANCE Music
Comparison of Society Before and During
Renaissance Period
 Renaissance Music
Renaissance Music: the music of Europe from 1450 to
1600.
There are two types of Renaissance Vocal Music:

1. Mass: sacred vocal music

2. Madrigal: secular vocal music (“Secular is simply the
reverse of sacred. Madrigal is a song not intended for
the church or religion”)
Comparison between Medieval and
Renaissance Music
Comparison between Medieval and
Renaissance Music
Music Forms, Representative Composer and Titles
Music Form Composer Titles

“Missa Papae Marcelli”

Mass: sacred music of ● Kyrie • Sanctus
the Renaissance period ● Gloria • Agnus Dei
● Credo

Giovanni Pierluigi da
Palestrina
Music Forms, Representative Composer and Titles
Music Form Composer Titles

Madrigal: secular music

“April is in My Mistress
of the Renaissance
Face”
period

Thomas Morley
BAROQUE Music
 Baroque Music

Baroque came from the Portuguese word

‘barocco’ which means “irregular-shaped
pearl”.
The Baroque period of music occurred from
roughly 1600 to 1750.
General Characteristics of Baroque Period

1. Grandiose
2. Over Decorated/
Ornamented
3. Contrast
4. Very Dramatic
 Characteristics of Baroque Music
Characteristics of
Characteristics of Baroque Music
Baroque Period

Grandiose

Hallelujah Chorus by
Pipe Organ Handel
 Characteristics of Baroque Music
Characteristics of
Characteristics of Baroque Music
Baroque Period

Over Decorated/
Over Ornamented

Brandenburg Concerto no. 3, by Jo-hann Sebastian

Bach
 Characteristics of Baroque Music
Characteristics of
Characteristics of Baroque Music
Baroque Period

Dynamic Contrast
When you listen to Baroque music with a fast
Contrast tempo, you will hear sudden changes in dynamics.
“That’s the contrast between loud and soft
sounds!”
 Characteristics of Baroque Music
Characteristics of
Characteristics of Baroque Music
Baroque Period

Tonal Contrast
Basso Continuo – the combination of;
Contrast Harpsichord – high sound/high pitch
Double bass – low sound/low pitch

“That’s the contrast between high and low sounds!”

 Characteristics of Baroque Music
Characteristics of
Characteristics of Baroque Music
Baroque Period

Very Dramatic
 Music Forms of Baroque Period
Instrumental Forms
There are two (2) leading instrumental forms of
Baroque music:
1. Solo Concerto: consist of one (1) soloist and the
orchestra
2. Concerto Grosso: consists of a group of
soloists (“Concertino”) and the orchestra
(“Ripieno”)
“Soloist” “Orchestra” Solo Concerto
“Concertino” “Ripieno” Concerto Grosso
(group of soloists) (orchestra)
 Music Forms of Baroque Period
Vocal Forms
There are two (2) leading vocal forms on Baroque
music:
1. Opera: large vocal music complete with
storyline, characters, props, and acting and
staging
2. Oratorio: large vocal music with story and
characters but without props andacting and
staging
Opera
Oratorio
 Composers of Baroque Music
Compositions:
Minuet in G
Branderburg Concertos

Johann Sebastian Bach

 Composers of Baroque Music
Compositions:
Water Music Halleluiah, from Messiah
Fireworks Music

George Friedrich Handel

 Composers of Baroque Music
Compositions:
The Four Seasons (Spring, Summer, Autumn,
Winter)

Antonio Vivaldi
 Composers of Baroque Music
Compositions:
Canon in D

Johann Pachelbel
Thank You