Chapter 16

Friction Analysis of a Doorstop

7
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education.
Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design

Friction Analysis of a Doorstop Internal Friction Shoe Geometry



Can F be equal to or less than zero? Only during rightward motion of the floor when the
expression in brackets in Eq. ( e) is equal to or less than zero. We set the brackets to zero or
less:

https://youtu.be/A
puBEn2zct8
8 Fig. 16–4 20
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education. Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent o
McGraw-Hill Education.
Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design

Internal Friction Shoe Geometry

Fig. 16–5 21
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education.
Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design

1|Page
 Force Analysis

Where,

For Clockwise rotation:

Self-locking condition

24
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education.
Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design

Force Analysis
Force Analysis
For counterclockwise rotation:

Then, for clockwise rotation as shown in Fig. 16–7, the hinge-pin reactions are

25 26
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education. Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education.
Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design

Force Analysis for External Contracting Shoes

For Clockwise rotation:

38
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education.
Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design

2|Page
 Force Analysis for External Contracting Shoes Geometry of Disk Friction Member

For counterclockwise rotation:

Fig. 16–16
39 49
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education. Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education.
Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design

Uniform Wear
Uniform Wear

Find the total normal force by letting r vary from d/2 to

For uniform wear, w is constant, so PV is constant.
D/2, and integrating,
Setting p = P, and V = rω, the maximum pressure pa
occurs where r is minimum, r = d/2,

50 51
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education. Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education.
Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design

Uniform Pressure
Comparison of Uniform Wear with Uniform Pressure

The actuating force F is simply the product of the pressure and

the area

52 Fig. 16–17 53
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education. Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education.
Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design

3|Page
 Geometry of Contact Area of Annular -Pad Brake
Analysis of Annular -Pad Brake

Of interest also is the effective radius r , which is the radius of an e

equivalent shoe of infinitesimal radial thickness.

Fig. 16–19
55 56
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education. Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education.
Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design

Uniform Wear Uniform Pressure

57 58
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education. Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent o
McGraw-Hill Education.
Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design

4|Page
 Energy Considerations
by integrating Eqs . (a) and (b) w.r.t time we get the angular velocities.

The difference in the velocities, sometimes called the relative

velocity, is

The clutching operation is completed at the instant in which the two

angular velocities become equal. Let the time required for the entire
operation be t1 and the velocity difference equals zero Eq. (16 –50)
gives the time as 72
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education.
Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design

Temperature Rise
The temperature rise of the clutch or brake assembly can be
approximated by the classic expression

A similar equation can be written for SI units. It is

Rate of Heat Transfer

74
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education.
Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design

5|Page
 Heat-Transfer Coefficient in Still Air Ventilation Factors

ig. 16–24a Courtesy ofTolo-o-matic. 78 Fig. 16–24b 79

Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent o
McGraw-Hill Education. Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education.
Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design

Area of Friction Material for Average Braking Power

84
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent o
McGraw-Hill Education.
Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design

6|Page
 Some Properties of Brake Linings

86
Copyright © 2015 McGraw
Table 16–4
-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education.
Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design

Friction Materials for Clutches

87
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written fconsent
McGraw-Hill
o Education.
Shigley’sMechanical Engineering Design

7|Page