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I. Materi Pembelajaran

What is a poem?
A poem is a piece of writing in which the words are chosen for their beauty
and sound and are carefully arranged, often in short lines which rhyme.

Social Function
1. To give pleasure
2. To entertain
3. To give value of life
4. As a way to express feelings and emotions

Structure/ Main Elements

1. Title
The
name of
the
poem.

2.
Author/
Poet
The

person who writes the poem. They usually leave their signature.

3. Stanza
A group of lines which are together and separated by an empty line from other
stanzas.
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Names for stanzas:

 Couplet (2 lines)  Sestet (6 lines)
 Tercet (3 lines)  Septet (7 lines)
 Quatrain (4 lines)  Octave (8 lines).
 Cinquain (5 lines)

4. Space
A gap between stanzas.

5. Verse
A single line in a poem. It gives a structure to poetry form.
Here are the most common types of verses:

 Rhymed verse: It's the most common and it usually has a metrical form that
rhymes throughout.
 Blank verse: It has no rhyme scheme. However, it has a consistent meter with
10 syllables in each line (pentameter); where, unstressed syllables are
followed by stressed ones.
 Free verse: It doesn't follow the rules, and has no rhyme. However, it's still an
artistic expression.

6. Form
Here are the 3 most common types of poems according to form:

 Lyrics poetry: It expresses personal emotions or feelings, typically spoken in

the first person.
 Narrative poetry: It's a form of poetry that tells a story, often making the
voices of a narrator and characters as well.
 Descriptive poetry: It describes the world that surrounds the speaker. It uses
elaborate imagery and adjectives.

7. Rhyme (sajak)
Words that end with similar sounds; usually at the end of a line. Rhyme is
principally a function of sound rather than spelling. For example, words rhyme
that end with the same vowel sound but have different spellings: right, kite,
and height.
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Here are some types of rhyme:

o Perfect rhyme : The ending sound of each word matches exactly:

soap and hope.
o Rich rhyme : It involves words that are pronounced the same but are
not spelled alike and have different
meanings: break and brake.
o Eye rhyme : Two words that look similar on a page, but do not
actually rhyme in spoken pronunciation: move and love.

8. Rhyme scheme
The pattern of rhymes at the end of each verse or line in poetry.

Here are some types of rhyme scheme:

o Alternate rhyme : It follows the pattern ABAB CDCD EFEF and so on.
o Ballade rhyme : It's a lyric poem that follows the rhyme scheme
ABABBCBC.
o Coupled rhyme : The rhymes occur in pairs, such as AABBCC.
o Enclosed rhyme : The pattern is ABBA, in which A encloses the B.

9. Mood
Mood is the atmosphere, or emotion, in the poem created by the poet. Mood can
be :

- Happy - Silly
- Sad - Excited
- angry - Fearful or thoughtful

10. Theme
This is what the poem is all about.

11. Centered
This is the way a poem is arranged on a page.

12. Capital letters

Each line of a poem must begin with capital letters.

Figurares of speech (Gaya bahasa)

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FIGURES OF SPEECH

Membandingkan satu benda Menggantikan sesuatu dg hal lain

dengan benda lain. yg memiliki keterkaitan.
 Her eyes are the stars in the  The pen is mightier than the
night star. sword

Kata yg menggambarkan suara. 2 kata dalam satu frasa yang

kontradiktif.
 Bark, Meow, Moo, Whoosh,
Splash, Click  Doing nothing, Agrees to
Dissagree, Original copy

Pernyataan yang kontradiktif Memperlakukan benda mati

seperti benda hidup
 I must be cruel to be kind; The
child is father of the man.  The stars danced playfully in
the moonlit sky.

II. Kegiatan Pembelajaran

A. Here is an example of a poem with its ryhme scheeme listed in brackets.

The Cat

My cat is best friend, (A)

I love her to the end. (A)
If I’m upstairs or down (B)
She follows me around (B)

Do as the example above.

The game

Popcorn and peanuts and galons coke (...)

Yeling so loudly, my throat is now hoarse, (...)
Bases are loaded, cheers from the faks, (...)
Crack goes the bat, a homerun of course. (...)

The Mouse

Creeping under boxes (...)

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B. Read the following poems. Determine the rhyme scheme for each.
Remember to pay attention to the last word of each verse.

Pizza My Brother

I want to eat some pizza, (......) Moms having new baby (......)
Not just a slice or two, (......) It’s a baby and that’s may be (......)
I am hungry as a giant, (......) Can’t wait till we can pay (......)
A whole pizza just might do (......) May be on the first day (......)

What is the rhym sceme of this poem? What is the rhym sceme of this poem?

C. Use the elements of poetry correctly labels the parts of the poem.

This is the sentence

of a poem. It always
has to be at least 4. 2.......rhym
...... title
one word long
This is the name
given to the poem
1. ......line by the author
D. Answer the
following
This is a group of
two or more verses/
lines. A paragraphin
a poem.

3. ...... stanza

Theses are words

that have the same
ending sounds.
questions.
1. How many stanzas are there in this poem?
2. How many lines are there in each stanza?
3. What is the rhyme scheme of the poem “The Rain”?
4. Do lines one and four have the same meter? Explain!
5. What is the mood of the poem?
6. What is the theme of this poem?
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7. Which line(s) specifically show the message the author was trying to get
across?

EVALUASI

Poem 1

Around the Year

In January the year just begins.

In February there’s a Valentine for everyone.
In March the winds can blow and blow.
In April spring comes and there’s no more snow.
In May the air is fresh and clean.
In June the grass is long and green.
In July the sun is high in the sky.
In August hot winds go blowing by.
In September we children go to school.
In October Halloween fun is the rule.
In November we have a day of Thanksgiving.
In December there’s holiday fun in giving.

1. How many cultural events are there in the poem?

A. one
B. two
C. three
D. No one

2. What season is mentioned?

A. spring
B. autumn
C. Summer
D. Winter

3. How is the air in May?

A. cold and dirty
B. fresh and clean
C. fresh and cold
D. cold and clean

4. How is the grass in June?

A. Long and green
B. Long and thick
C. Green and short
D. Green and thick

5. How is the sun in July?

A. Hot
B. High
C. Bright
D. Low

6. How would you feel in August?

A. I felt the hot wind
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B. I felt the cool air

C. I felt bright sun
D. I felt windy season

7. What season do you think it is?

A. Autumn
B. Spring
C. Winter
D. Summer

8. Why do you have ‘holiday fun in giving’ in December?

A. Because there is Christmas eve
B. Because we want to establish charity
C. Because we need to give somebody
D. Because there is poor people to help

9. Which countries do you think experience those events?

A. Indonesia
B. Malaysia
C. United States
D. Singapore

Poem 2
Birthday Boy
Vachel Lindsay

When I was one

It was so much fun.
When I was two
The world was new.
Then I turned quickly
Into a boy of three.
One year more
And I was four.
Now I’m happy to say
I’m a year older today.
And soon you’ll see
Another birthday party for me
Do you know
How old I’ll be?

10. What is Poem 2 about?

A. It is about birthday party of boy
B. It is about happy boy
C. It is about numeral
D. It is about new world

11. How old is the boy now?

A. Four years old
B. Five years old
C. Six years old
D. Seven years old

12. How old will the boy be?

A. He will be six
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B. He will be five
C. He will be four
D. He will be seven

13. Mention two sequences lines which have rhyme!

A. Line 1 and 2
B. Line 2 and 3
C. Line 4 and 5
D. Line 13 and 14

Poem 3

The Little Turtle

Vachel Lindsay

There was a little turtle.

He lived in a box.
He swam in a puddle.
He climbed on the rocks.
He snapped at a mosquito.
He snapped at a flea.
He snapped at a minnow.
And he snapped at me.
He caught the mosquito.
He caught the flea.
He caught the minnow.
And he didn’t catch me.

14. What is Poem 3 about?

A. It is about climbing rocks
B. It is about mosquito
C. It is about a boy
D. It is about little turtle

15. What could the turtle do?

A. Catch the rocks
B. Catch mosquitos
C. Catch me
D. Catch plankton

16. What couldn’t the turtle do?

A. Catch me
B. Live in a box
C. Snap mosquitos
D. Snap a flea

Poem 4

Sea

Leonard Clark

Over the hill

First sight of the sea
Lying sunlit and still
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Just waiting for me.

I race from the land

In the clear morning light
To rock pool and sand,
Shells whiter than white.

Birds ride the sky,

The wispy clouds there
Soft floating, and I
Am walking on air.

17. Who wrote the poem?

A. Me
B. Anonymous
C. Leonard Clark
D. I did

18. Find the words that rhyme in second stanza of the poem.
A. Hill=still, sea=me
B. Hill=sea, still=me
C. Land=sand, light=white
D. Sky=I, there=air

19. What did the writer tell you with his poem?
A. View of sea
B. View of mountain
C. View of pool and sand
D. View of sky

20. What is waiting for the writer?

A. A hill
B. A sunlit sea
C. Rock pool and sand
D. Birds

***