NURSING

PRACTICE IN
THE
COMMUNITY
Prepared by
Ronarica B. Diones, RN,RM,MAN
❑Entails the utilization of a number of processes
to respond the health needs and problems of
clients;
❑Manage health programs and resources;
❑Influence decisions that affect the delivery of
health services.
 FOCUS/ TARGET PROCESSES
CLIENTS ❑Nursing process
❑Program planning, implementation,
evaluation
HEALTH CARE UNIT (Health Center) ❑Management and supervision
❑Quality assurance
❑Nursing research. Health systems
research
POLITICAL LEADERS/ DECISION-MAKERS ❑Advocacy and political action
❑Critical thinking is defined as the “rational
examination of ideas, inferences, assumptions,
principles, arguments, conclusions, issues,
statements, beliefs and actions.
1. Used the critical thinking processes in all
daily living;
2. Discriminate among the uses and misuses of
language in nursing;
3. Identify and formulate nursing problems;
4. Analyze meaning of terms in relation to their
indication, their cause or purpose and their
significance;
5. Analyze arguments and issues and issues into
premises and conclusions;
6. Examine nursing assumptions;
7. Report data and cues accurately
8. Make and check inferences based on data,
making sure that the inferences are atleast
plausible
9. Formulate and clarify beliefs;
10. Verify, collaborate and justify claims, beliefs,
conclusions, decisions and actions;
11. Give relevant reasons for beliefs and
conclusions;
12. Formulate and clarify value judgment
13. Seek reasons, criteria, and principles that
effectively justify value judgments
14. Evaluate the soundness of conclusions
❑ Is the means by which nurses address the
health needs and problems of their clients
❑ Logical and systematic way of processing
information gathered from different sources
and translating intentions into meaningful
actions or interventions
 BASIC PHASES OF THE NURSING ELABORATION OF THE NURSING
PROCESS PROCESSE
ASSESSMENT ❑Establishing a working relationship
❑Assessment*
❑Diagnosis*
PLANNING ❑Planning outcomes*
❑Planning interventions*
IMPLEMENTATION ❑Implementation
EVALUATION ❑Evaluation*
 ASSESSMENT
INDIVIDUAL FAMILY COMMUNITY
➢Signs and ➢Family structures and ➢Population characteristics
symptoms characteristics ➢Physical characteristics
➢Medical/nursing ➢Socioeconomic and ➢Environmental factors
history cultural factors ➢Health/illness data
➢KAP ➢Environmental factors ➢KAP
➢Ability to cope ➢Health assessment of ➢Community resources
➢Lifestyle each member ➢Leadership and communication
➢Help-seeking ➢Value placed on the ➢Culture
behavior prevention of disease ➢Socioeconomic stratification
➢Utilization of health ➢Competencies on family ➢People’s participation in health
services health care programs
➢Reasons for the failure of past
health programs
❑Planning for the care of the client includes a
statement of objectives or desired outcomes
and specific nursing interventions.
❑Desires outcomes could be in terms of person’s
health, knowledge, attitudes and practices and
ability to cope with problems
❑Objectives of care which reflect the desired
outcomes, should be specific, measurable,
attainable, realistic and have the specific time
frame.
❑Nursing intervention should be appropriate
and responsive to the problems of the client
and should contribute to the attainment of the
desired outcomes.
❑Is the translation of the care plan into concrete
action.
❑PHN monitor actions taken and modify the
plan of care as necessary
❑The process of making judgments as to extent
the objectives were met
❑It includes client assessment and health needs
identified, interventions and future plan of
care.
❑Others may see it as burden, yet an important
component of nursing process
1. It serves as a proof of the thinking and the
decision-making that nurses do.
2. It could protect the nurse from a lawsuit
(generally believed that what is NOT written
was NOT done)
3. It gives decision makers an idea of the
workload of nurses
4. It provides information that could be used in
research and quality assurance activities and
for training purposes
1. Perform correct and comprehensive
assessment of an individual using varied and
appropriate methods of data gathering in the
community setting.
2. Formulate nursing diagnosis related to health
promotion and maintenance, and disease
prevention
1. Interview your classmate from other groups
and document your initial interaction, the
nursing health history and physical
examination (if possible)
2. List nursing problems identified from your
“client”
3. Make a nursing care plan