作文最常用的 12 条思路线索

STREEC
S: Skill 技能 （提高） 效率 Efficiency
T: Technology 科技 (保障） 安全 safety
R: Right 权利 （对应） 权利 Responsibility
E: Environment 环境 (影响) 健康 Health
E: Employment 就业 (获得) 财富 Money
C: Culture 文化 （带来）乐趣 Fun

A hundred year ago, many people thought that the human race was improving in every area of life.
Nowadays people are less certain about this. In what areas has the human race made important
progress? In what areas do we still need to make progress?
 Have made progress:
1. Technology: industrial technology; agricultural technology; transport technology
2. Efficiency: work more efficiently; live more conveniently
3. Health: medical advances; improvements in health services (diseases that were incurable a
century ago can be cured)
4. Fun: have more entertainment choices
 Need to make progress:
1. Safety: rising crime rates; higher youth crime rates
2. Environment: global warming; air pollution
3. Safety: higher stress levels; lack exercise (sedentary lifestyle 静 坐 的 生 活 方 式 ) ； the
increasing rates of heart disease and high blood pressure; obesity
4. Money: the growing gap between the rich and the poor
5. Culture: the disappearance traditions and customs
In a number of countries, some people think it is necessary to spend large sums of money on
constructing new railway lines for very fast trains between cities. Others believe the money should
be spent on improving existing public transport. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
 Former:
1. Efficiency: boost the efficiency of personal and business travel
2. Health: shorten the time of the trip, make passengers feel less tired
3. Employment: create many job opportunities

1. Safety: make existing public transport safer and more reliable
2. Environment: may damage the environment

5 种常用的衔接手段： use a range of cohesive devices appropriately

 连接词 connective： as a result, for example, if, however 等
 人称代词：they, them, he, she 等
 物主代词： their, his, her, its 等
 指示代词： this, these, that, those, ones 等
 与前面的句子直接相关的名词： noun the+ noun

第一种衔接方法： 明连接 （直接用连接词来行文衔接）

口诀：果粒对比，不设下限
因果/举例/对比/类比/让步/假设/下定义/限定范围

方法 1: 因果展开
分论点： The youth unemployment rate remains high.
支 持句 ：As a result, many students are worried that they will not be able to find employment
after graduation.

分论点：Government funding for space research is decreasing.

支持句：As a result, many space research programmes are under-funded.

分论点：The internet is the key to the knowledge and information available in the world.
支持句：Therefore, it is important that children learn to use the equipment with confidence.

方法 2: 举例展开
分论点： Many grandparents provide working parents with help and support.
支持句： For example, many of them not only look after their grandchildren but also share their
life experience with their grandchildren.

分论点：Children need to develop their social skills.

支持句：A good way for them to do this is through group activities such as team sports and group
games.

方法 3: 对比展开
分论点： People today are less active than they used to be.
支持句： Many adults relax by watching television or browsing the internet, while children play
video games instead of playing outdoor sports.

分论点： Young people who go directly from school to university have limited experience of the
world.
支持句：By contrast, those who spend time travelling to other places have a broader view of life.

方法 4: 类比展开
分论点： Pupils in those schools have the opportunity to choose subjects freely.
支持句：For example, a higher proportion of girls study science when they attend girls’ school.
Similarly, boys in single-sex schools are more likely to study languages.

方法 5: 让步展开
分论点：Some advertising companies produce advertisements with famous actors or singers.
支持句：Many people buy products that their favorite actors or singers advertise although they do
not really need the products.

方法 6: 假设展开
分论点：Car companies should help people to better understand electric cars.
支持句：If consumers know that electric cars can save money for them in the long term, many of
them will buy electric cars instead of petrol-powered cars. (正向假设)

分论点：Government funding for public art projects should be continued.

支持点： Without the funding, cities and towns would become less interesting and attractive.

方法 7: 下定义展开
分论点：Some children are allowed to have whatever they want.
支 持 点 ： This means that they grow up without any understanding of where their standard of
living comes from.

When secondary school students do voluntary work, they need to work with different kinds of
people. This means they can improve their social skills and make more friends.

分论点： The difference between people who are trained to play a sport and those who become
good players is natural talent.

支 持 句 ： In other words, natural talent cannot be taught, no matter how hard the children
practice.

方法 8: 限定范围（具体化）展开
分论点： Transporting food across countries wastes energy and pollutes the air.
支 持 句 ： Specifically, trucks that transport food to other countries use large amounts of fossil
fuels. This means that they increase greenhouse gas emissions and contribute to global warming.

第二种衔接方法： 暗承接 (不用连接词，而是通过上下文之间的内在的语义连接联系起支

持句的行为连接)

代词连接：
1、人称代词
分论点：Young adults who take a year off may never return to their studies.
支持句：They may think that it is better to continue in a job or to do something that is different
from a university course.

分论点：Studying abroad makes young people more independent.

支持句： They live far away from their parents and need to cook, clean their room and manage
money on their own.

2、指示代词
分论点：Physical activity can be encouraged by providing exercise equipment in parks.
支持句：This has the benefit that parents and children can often use them together for fun.

分论点：Each family produces a large amount of waste every week.

支持句：Most of this rubbish comes from the packaging of the things that the family members
buy.

分论点：Articles in newspapers are written by professional journalists.

支持句：These articles have more details and are more reliable than many news articles that can
be found online.

3. 相关名词连接
分论点：The cost of living in urban areas is higher than in rural areas.
支持句：City dwellers have to pay higher prices for food, transport and health care.

分论点： Governments should encourage the use of public transport.

支 持 句 ： They can make public transport more convenient and affordable. Buses, trams and
trains are good ways of commuting and getting around. This means that more people will use
them if they are cheaper and more reliable.

团队运动可以帮助孩子们培养社交技能。 他们需要在场地或球场上去与队友合作并且支持
他们来获得成功。所以，他们通过参加这些运动学会了交流和合作。例如年轻的足球运动
员们要和他们的队友计划并且紧密合作来赢得对手，这可以帮助他们培养他们的社交技能

(分论点)Team sports can help children to develop social skills. （支持句 1:解释说明）They
need to work with and support their teammates on the field or on the court to achieve success.
（支持句 2:因此）As a result, they learn to communicate and cooperate with others by taking
part in these sports. （分论点 3:举例）For example, young basketball players need to discuss
their game plans and work closely with their teammates to win, which can help them to improve
their social skills.