Pots and pan- aluminum

Characteristics- a silver-white, soft metal, noted for lightness, high reflectivity, high thermal conductivity, high
electrical conductivity, nontoxicity, and corrosion resistance. Aluminum is the most abundant metallic element,
comprising 1/12th of the earth’s crust. However, it is never found in nature as an elemental metal but only
combined with oxygen and other elements. In ordinary language, aluminum often means aluminum alloy.

Significance- Aluminium is used in a huge variety of products including cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames,
beer kegs and aeroplane parts. This is because of its particular properties. It has low density, is non-toxic, has a high
thermal conductivity, has excellent corrosion resistance and can be easily cast, machined and formed. It is also non-
magnetic and non-sparking. It is the second most malleable metal and the sixth most ductile.It is often used as an
alloy because aluminium itself is not particularly strong. Alloys with copper, manganese, magnesium and silicon are
lightweight but strong. They are very important in the construction of aeroplanes and other forms of transport.

Hair cream-calcium carbonate

c- Calcium carbonate appears as white, odorless powder or colorless crystals. Practically insoluble in water. Occurs
extensive in rocks world-wide. Ground calcium carbonate (CAS: 1317-65-3) results directly from the mining of
limestone. The extraction process keeps the carbonate very close to its original state of purity and delivers a finely
ground product either in dry or slurry form. Precipitated calcium carbonate (CAS: 471-34-1) is produced industrially by
the decomposition of limestone to calcium oxide followed by subsequent recarbonization or as a by-product of the
Solvay process (which is used to make sodium carbonate). Precipitated calcium carbonate is purer than ground
calcium carbonate and has different (and tailorable) handling properties.

s- The brightness and opacity of the calcium carbonates make them suitable for use in white and color cosmetics.
They can even be considered as an extender of titanium dioxide and act as a natural source of calcium

paint- titanium oxide

c- Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is by far the most suited white pigment to obtain whiteness and hiding power
in coatings, inks and plastics. This is because, it has an extremely high refractive index and it does not
absorb visible light. TiO2 is also readily available as particles with the right size (d ≈ 280 nm) and the
right shape (more or less spherical) as well as with a variety of post-treatments.However, the pigment is
expensive, especially when volume prices of systems are used. And, there always remains a need to
develop a full-proof strategy to obtain the best results in terms of cost/performance ratio, scattering
efficiency, dispersion… while using it in coating formulations.

s- titanium dioxide has been used for a century in a range of industrial and consumer products,
including paints, coatings, adhesives, paper, plastics and rubber, printing inks, coated fabrics and
textiles, as well as ceramics, floor coverings, roofing materials, cosmetics, toothpaste, soap, water
treatment agents, pharmaceuticals, food colorants, automotive products, sunscreen and catalysts.

Toothpaste- fluorine

c- Fluorine is the most reactive and the most electronegative of all the elements.Fluorine is a pale
yellow, diatomic, highly corrosive, flammable gas, with a pungent odor. It is the lightest halogen.It reacts
violently with water to produce oxygen and the extremely corrosive hydrofluoric acid.
s- Fluorine is essential for the maintenance of solidity of our bones. Fluorine can also protect us from
dental decay, if it is applied through toothpaste twice a day. If fluorine is absorbed too frequently, it can
cause teeth decay, osteoporosis and harm to kidneys, bones, nerves and muscles.

Lipstick- talc

c- Talc is usually green, white, gray, brown, or colorless. It is a translucent mineral with a pearly luster.
It is the softest known mineral and is assigned a hardness of 1 on the Mohs Hardness scale. Talc is a
monoclinic mineral with a sheet structure similar to the micas.

s- Talc is a mineral substance used in a variety of cosmetic and personal care products from baby
powders to eye shadows. It is added to absorb moisture, smooth or soften products, prevent caking, and
make makeup opaque.

Household cleaners- silica

c- The silica minerals when pure are colourless and transparent and have a vitreous lustre. They are
nonconductors of electricity and are diamagnetic. All are hard and strong and fail by brittle fracture
under an imposed stress.

s- he use of silica in the world today is increasingly important. Silica is a major constituent of the modern
industrial base and is used in diverse industries from glass making to oil extraction: a full list of the uses
would fill many pages. Alpha quartz is found in virtually all minerals used as raw materials and
represents the second most abundant mineral species in the earth’s crust after feldspar. The importance
of silica cannot be disputed and it is difficult to envisage a world which places major restrictions on its
use.