Garcia, Reizel Joyce F.

BSED – ENGLISH 4A
1. What is Orden ng Pambansang Alagad ng Sining?

 The Order of National Artists (Orden ng Gawad Pambansang Alagad ng Sining) is thus a
rank, a title, and a wearable award that represents the highest national recognition given
to Filipinos who have made distinct contributions in the field of arts and letters. It is
jointly administered by the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and
the Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP) and is conferred by the President of the
Philippines upon recommendation by both institutions.

2. Discuss the 1972 and 1976 National Artists of the Philippines. Say something about the
artist’s life and name some of his remarkable works.
National Artists of the Philippines (1972)
Fernando Amorsolo
 Born in Calle Herran in Paco, Manila, on May 20, 1892, Fernando Amorsolo began
drawing and sketching as a young boy.
 In 1909, he began studies at the Liceo de Manila and graduated from the University of
the Philippines in 1914.
 After designing the logo for Ginebra San Miguel, Amorsolo received a grant to attend the
Academia de San Fernando in Madrid from businessman Enrique Zobel de Ayala in
1916.
 A major influence in his painting style during this period was painter Diego Velasquez.
 In the twilight years of his life, Amorsolo continued painting through declining health.
He was married twice and had 13 children before a heart attack eventually took his life on
April 24, 1972.
 Amorsolo’s major works, such as Maiden in a Stream (1921), The Conversion of the
Filipinos (1931), The Bombing of Intendencia (1942), The Rape of Manila (1942),
Defense of a Filipina Woman’s Honor (1945), and Sunday Morning Going to Town
(1958), relate to distinct events in Philippine history.

National Artists of the Philippines (1976)

Napoleon V. Abueva
 Born in Tagbilaran, Bohol, on January 26, 1930.
 He was known as the “Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture” through Proclamation No.
1539.
  He was proclaimed National Artist for Sculpture in 1976 when he was 46, making him
the youngest recipient of the award to date.
 He used almost all kinds of materials for his sculptures such as hard wood, adobe, metal,
stainless steel, cement, marble, bronze, iron, alabaster, coral and brass.
 He was the first Filipino artist to mount a one-man exhibit at the Philippine Center in
New York in 1980.
 Most of his bronze works were cast by Franz Herbicha German Filipino artist based in
Cebu Philippines.
 Some of his major works include Kaganapan (1953), Kiss of Judas (1955), Thirty Pieces
of Silver, The Transfiguration (1979), Eternal Garden Memorial Park, UP Gateway
(1967), Nine Muses (1994), UP Faculty Center, Sunburst (1994)-Peninsula Manila Hotel,
the bronze figure of Teodoro M. Kalaw in front of National Library, and murals in
marble at the National Heroes Shrine, Mt. Samat, Bataan.
Lamberto V. Avellana
 Born in Bontoc, Mountain Province, on February 12, 1915.
 He was a prominent Filipino film and stage director.
 In 1976, Avellana was named by President Ferdinand Marcos as the first National Artist
of the Philippines for Film.
 Some of his major works or films include Sakay (1939), Inday (1940), Rosalinda (1941),
Ikaw Pala (1941), Death March (1946) and etc.
Leonor O. Goquingco
 Born in Jolo, Sulu, on July 24, 1917.
 She was a Filipino national artist in creative dance, who was also known for breaking
tradition within dance.
 She played the piano, drew art, designed scenery and costumes, sculpted, acted, directed,
danced and choreographed.
 Her pen name was Cristina Luna and she was known as Trailblazer, Mother of Philippine
Theater Dance and Dean of Filipino Performing Arts Critics.
 She produced Circling the Globe (1939) and Dance Panorama in the same year. She
created The Elements in 1940, the first ballet choreographed by a Filipino to
commissioned music. She also created Sports during the same year, featuring
cheerleaders, a tennis match and a basketball game.
 The first Philippine folkloric ballet, Trend: Return to the Native, was choreographed by
Goquingco in 1941. After the Second World War, she organized the Philippine Ballet and
brought the famous Filipino novel, Noli Me Tángere, to life. The Noli Dance Suite
consisted of several dances. Maria Clara and the Leper, Salome and Elias, Sisa, Asalto
for Maria Clara and The Gossips are some of the dances found in the Noli Dance Suite.
Nick Joaquin
 Born in Paco, Manila, on May 4, 1917.
  He was a Filipino writer and journalist best known for his short stories and novels in
the English language. He also wrote using the pen name Quijano de Manila.
 Joaquin was conferred the rank and title of National Artist of the Philippines for
Literature. He has been considered one of the most important Filipino writers, along
with José Rizal and Claro M. Recto.
 Literary prominence, as measured by different English critics, is said to rest upon one
of Nick Joaquin's published books entitled “Prose and Poems” which was published
in 1952. Published in this book are the poems “Three Generations”, “May Day Eve”,
“After the Picnic”, “The Legend of the Dying Wanton”, “The Legend of the Virgin
Jewel;”, “It Was Later than we Thought”.
Jovita Fuentes
 At an early age, she displayed interest in music, learning the contemporary songs at that
time.
 In 1917, she took up college at the University of the Philippines Conservatory of Music.
In order to hone her skills further she pursued her studies abroad, going to Italy.
 In 1925, Fuentes made her debut as Cio-Cio-San in Puccini's Madame Butterfly, at the
Teatro Municipale de Piacenza, another of her notable roles were of Mimi in La bohème,
Pietro Mascagni's Iris and Richard Strauss' Salome.
 Due to her merits and contributions in her field, she was dubbed as The First Lady of
Philippine Music and in 1976 she earned the title of becoming the first female national
artist in music.
Victorio Edades
 He was a Filipino painter. He led the revolutionary Thirteen Moderns, who engaged their
classical compatriots in heated debate over the nature and function of art.
 Some of his notable works include "The Sketch", "The Builders", and “Interaction
Fontainebleau”, August 1937 “,” The Model and The Artist".
Pablo S. Antonio
 He was a Filipino architect. A pioneer of modern Philippine architecture, he was
recognized in some quarters as the foremost Filipino modernist architect of his time.
 He studied architecture at the Mapua Institute of Technology but dropped out of school.
 Antonio first came into prominence in 1933 with the construction of the Ideal Theater
along Avenida Rizal in Manila.
 Antonio's major works include the following: Far Eastern University Administration and
Science buildings; Manila Polo Club; Ideal Theater;Lyric Theater; Galaxy Theater;
Capitan Luis Gonzaga Building; Boulevard-Alhambra (now Bel-Air) apartments; Ramon
Roces Publications Building (now Guzman Institute of Electronics).