C4 – Concentration, Gases And

If you know the concentration of one of the solutions, you can use the volumes from the titration
experiment, along with the reaction equation, to find the concentration of the other solution. At the same

Titrations
temperature and pressure, equal number of moles of any gas will occupy the same volume. Titrations are a
method of analysing the concentrations of solutions.

Any extra notes go here: Any extra notes go here:

Concentration = No. of moles Volume of gas = Mass of gas
Volume Mr of gas
Measure in mol/dm3 At room temperature, one mole of any gas occupies 24dm3.
Concentration is a measure of how crowded things For reactions between gases, you can use the volume of one gas to find the
are. volume of another.

About The Figure

To go from cm3 to dm3 :divide by 1000. To go from dm3 to cm3
:multiply by 1000. If the volume is given in cm3 instead of dm3, then
divide by 24,000 instead of 24. Once a titration is completed and the
average titre has been calculated, you can now proceed to calculate the
unknown variable using the formula triangle.

Extra Notes
 Titrations are a method of analysing the concentration of solutions

 Acid-base titrations are one of the most important kinds of titrations

 They can determine exactly how much alkali is needed to neutralise a quantity of acid – and vice versa

 You may be asked to calculate the moles present in a given amount, the concentration or volume required
to neutralise an acid or a base
 Titrations can also be used to prepare salts or other precipitates and in redox reactions

 Indicators are used to show the endpoint in a titration

 Wide range indicators such as litmus are not suitable for a titration as they do not give a sharp enough colour
change at the end point

Key Points Key Words

- A more concentrated solution has more solute in the same volume of solution - Titration
than a less concentrated solution. - Concentratio
- Titration is used to measure accurately what volumes of acid and alkali react
n
together completely.
- You need to know the accurate concentration of one solution, then once the end
- Solution
point is established, the balanced equation gives you the number of moles in a - Gas
certain volume of solution. - Solute
- This value is multiplied up to give the concentration in moles per decimetre - Solvent
cubed (which can be converted to grams per decimetre cubed if necessary).
- You can use the molar gas volume and balanced symbol equations to calculate
volumes of gaseous reactants or products.