Social Work Practice I with Field Instruction - Working with Individuals

INSTRUCTIONS: This assessment consists of two sections: (1) Multiple Choice and (2)
Situational Analysis. Please read the instructions for each section carefully.

Multiple Choice Section:

In this section, you will find a series of questions, each followed by multiple-choice options.
Choose the best answer for each question by selecting the corresponding letter (A, B, C, or D)
that corresponds to the most appropriate response.

Situational Analysis Section:

In this section, you will be presented with a set of real-life scenarios or situations. For each
scenario, carefully analyze the information provided and then choose the best answer that you
believe represents the most effective course of action. Select the response that aligns with sound
judgment and critical thinking.

Your task is to carefully consider each question or scenario and select the option that you believe
is the most suitable choice.

Please ensure that you answer both sections of the test. Good luck!

Multiple Choice
1. In the 1920s to 1930s, the view that a casework client was a maladjusted person that
needed to adjust to their situation and gain insight into their behavior was based on:
a. Behavioral Theory - Focuses on observable behaviors and how they are learned through conditioning.
It does not emphasize the idea of a maladjusted client gaining insight into their behavior or adjusting to their
situation. Instead, it suggests that behaviors can be modified through reinforcement and conditioning.////
b. Psychological Theory - While psychology as a field does explore various aspects of human behavior
and mental processes, this choice is too broad to specifically address the viewpoint mentioned in the question.
It doesn't explicitly deal with the concept of clients needing to adjust and gain insight.///
c. Freudian Psychoanalytic Theory - Emphasizes unconscious motivations and early life
experiences influencing behavior./
d. Personality Theory - Personality theories examine individual differences in traits, characteristics, and
behaviors. However, they do not inherently center around the concept of a maladjusted client needing
adjustment and insight into their behavior.//

2. In casework, the process of separating from the magnitude of client problems the specific
problem(s) that will be the focus of client-worker attention is called:
a. Problem Identification - Problem identification refers to recognizing the presence of issues, but it
doesn't involve the separation and focus aspect of partialization.///
 b. Partialization - Partialization in casework refers to the process of breaking down a client's complex
problems into manageable parts. This helps in focusing on specific issues and setting priorities./
c. Specification - While specification can refer to making something explicit or detailed, it doesn't
accurately describe the process of isolating specific problems from a larger set of client issues for targeted
attention.////
d. Prioritization - Prioritization is the process of determining the order of importance among issues. It's not
the same as partialization, which involves breaking down complex problems.//

3. The following, except one, may set limits on the social worker's interventive activities:
a. Time - Time constraints can certainly limit the depth and scope of a social worker's interventions. Limited
time might affect the extent to which interventions can be implemented and sustained.////
b. Ethics - Ethical considerations are crucial in social work practice. They guide the professional conduct of
social workers and can set boundaries on the types of interventions that can be pursued.//
c. Agency commitment - Agency commitment is not typically a factor that directly sets limits on a
social worker's interventive activities. In fact, agency commitment often encourages and supports
interventions aligned with its mission./
d. Agency function - The function of the agency can influence the types of interventions that are feasible
and appropriate within its scope. Agency policies, guidelines, and areas of expertise define the parameters of
interventions.///

4. According to R. A. No. 4373 as amended by R. A. No. 5175 and R. A. No. 10847, which
statement indicates that counseling is integral to the social work profession?
a. Provide programs and social services to address the needs of the person’s social
environment for his own good - This choice emphasizes providing programs and services to
address social needs, but it doesn't explicitly highlight the role of counseling as integral to the social work
profession, as required by the legal definition.////
b. Link individual needs to resources in the environment - This choice emphasizes connecting
individuals with available resources, which is an important role of social work, but it doesn't specifically
mention counseling as a central component of the profession.///
c. Change the social functioning of the person - While social work does aim to improve social
functioning, this choice doesn't explicitly address the integral role of counseling as indicated in the legal
definition.//
d. Facilitate and strengthen basic social relationships and the mutual
adjustment between the person and his/her social environment - This choice
directly reflects the language of R.A. No. 4373 and its amendments, which outlines that social work involves
facilitating and strengthening social relationships and mutual adjustment, which encompasses the counseling
aspect of the profession./

5. Who formulated a scientific approach to casework with emphasis on assessment, which

was also known as “social diagnosis”?
a. Florence Hollis - Florence Hollis contributed to casework practice by emphasizing the importance of
assessment and diagnosis in social work. She emphasized the importance of tailoring interventions to the
unique needs of each individual client. While she didn't formulate the concept of "social diagnosis" like Mary
Ellen Richmond, Hollis's work laid the groundwork for individualized casework practice that takes into
account the complexities of each client's situation.//
 b. Arthur Dunham - Arthur Dunham is known for his significant contributions to the field of community
development and social welfare administration.////
c. Helen Perlman - Helen Perlman developed the Problem-Solving Model of casework, but she is not
directly associated with the term "social diagnosis."///
d. Mary E. Richmond - Mary E. Richmond formulated a scientific approach to casework with a focus
on assessment, often referred to as "social diagnosis."It was Richmond who systematically developed the
content and methodology of diagnosis./

6. The "psychosocial school of thought" emphasized that poverty and deviance were not
only products of personal deficiency but were influenced by the person's ___.
a. Family - While the family is an important factor in an individual's life, the psychosocial school of thought
goes beyond the family unit to consider a wider range of social influences.////
b. Situation - The individual's situation certainly plays a role, but the psychosocial approach recognizes that
social systems and structures contribute significantly to poverty and deviance beyond individual situations.///
c. Social Systems - The "psychosocial school of thought" represents a perspective within social work that
emphasizes the interaction between an individual's personal characteristics and the broader social systems in
which they are embedded./
d. Community - The community is a part of the broader social system, but the psychosocial approach takes
into account even larger societal factors and structures.//

7. Beyond the social worker's varied roles in direct practice with clients, they may perform
other professional roles which means being:
Indirect models of intervention - Do not require direct problem-solving work with people. These interventions are
employed on behalf of, rather than directly with clients.
I. Mobilizer of the community elite
II. Social critique
III. Policy/Program change advocate

a. II and III - This choice correctly identifies Social Critique and Policy/Program Change Advocate as one
of the professional roles that social workers may perform beyond direct practice. However, it leaves out the
roles of Mobilizer of the Community Elite, which is also included in the correct answer.//
b. III only - Mobilizer of the Community Elite and Social Critique is missing from this choice, which is part
of the correct answer.///
c. I only - Social Critique and Policy/Program Change Advocate are missing from this choice, which is part
of the correct answer.///
d. I, II, and III - The other options don't encompass the full spectrum of professional roles that social
workers can undertake outside of direct client practice. Option c. "I only" and option b. "III only" would limit
the broader influence and potential impact that social workers can have./

8. What skill is MOST important in the assessment phase that helps in identifying clear
objectives and evidence-based case study write-up?
a. Clarifying issues or problems for work - Clarifying issues or problems for work is crucial in
the assessment phase as it helps identify clear objectives and enables evidence-based case study write-up./
 b. Sharing your own opinion about the client's problem - Sharing your own opinion about the
client's problem: Sharing personal opinions is not a recommended practice in the assessment phase, and it
doesn't contribute to the identification of clear objectives or evidence-based case study write-up.////
c. Identifying the presenting problem - While identifying the presenting problem is important, it's
not the most critical skill in the assessment phase.///
d. Establishing a strong client-worker relationship - While essential, building a strong
relationship is part of the engagement phase, not the assessment phase.//

9. Which scenario involves a dual relationship?

a. Counseling both a mother and son at the same time - While it might involve multiple
parties, it doesn't inherently create a dual relationship where conflicting roles are present.//
b. MSW student sitting in on a family session - Observing a session as part of education and
training doesn't necessarily establish a dual relationship.///
c. Going on a date with a client - Going on a date with a client is an example of a dual relationship,
which involves a conflicting role and can compromise objectivity and professional boundaries. The other
options might involve multiple parties, but they do not inherently involve dual relationships./
a. A social worker is leaving an agency and she sees her clients together with the
new social worker who will be taking over her caseload - This situation involves a
transition in care, not a dual relationship where personal or conflicting roles are present.////

10. The Middle Phase of the problem-solving process is about:

a. Goal-setting and intervention planning - This describes the Initial Phase of the problem-solving
process, not the Middle Phase.//
b. Action/intervention - The Middle Phase of the problem-solving process involves taking action and
implementing interventions based on the goals and plans set in the Initial Phase./
c. Periodic/on-going evaluation - This relates to the Termination Phase, where the outcome is assessed
after interventions have been implemented.///
d. Intervention and evaluation - This describes the Termination Phase, where the intervention's
effectiveness is evaluated after it has been implemented.////

11. In which phase of the helping process do you translate the content assessment into goals
and identify means to achieve those goals?
a. Engagement - This phase involves building rapport and establishing a working relationship with the
client. It occurs before the phase where goals are formulated and strategies are identified.////
b. Planning - In the planning phase of the helping process, the information gathered during the content
assessment is used to identify goals and strategies to achieve those goals. This involves setting clear
objectives and determining the steps needed to address the client's concerns./
c. Goal-setting - While goal-setting is a crucial step in the helping process, it is not the phase where the
translation of content assessment into goals and strategies takes place. This phase is known as the Planning
phase.//
d. Contracting - Contracting involves negotiating the terms of the therapeutic relationship, including goals
and roles. However, the specific process of translating content assessment into goals and strategies occurs
during the Planning phase.///

12. Social functioning in social work is the result of:

 a. Person-situation interaction - Social functioning results from the interaction between an
individual's personal characteristics and their environment. This encompasses both individual traits and
situational/environmental factors./
b. Person's coping capabilities - While coping capabilities play a role in an individual's social
functioning, social functioning in the context of social work is more comprehensively understood as the result
of the interaction between an individual's personal characteristics and situational/environmental factors
(choice a).//
c. Situational/environmental factors - This contributes to social functioning, but the interaction with
an individual's personal characteristics is also critical (choice a).//
d. Person to person relations - While interpersonal relationships are important, social functioning is
influenced by a broader range of factors, including the environment and individual traits (choice a).///

13. What does the PIE perspective offer to social work practice?
a. Holistic method for assessing and intervening on client’s social functioning -
The PIE (Person-In-Environment) perspective emphasizes a holistic approach to social work practice by
considering the client's individual characteristics within the context of their environment. This approach
informs assessment and intervention strategies./
b. Development of programs addressing environmental issues causing individual
dysfunction - While the PIE perspective does consider the influence of the environment on individual
functioning, its primary contribution is providing a holistic method for assessing and intervening on a client’s
social functioning (choice a). It emphasizes the interplay between the person and their environment, rather
than solely focusing on developing programs.///
c. Identification of environmental factors contributing to client's problems - The PIE
perspective goes beyond identifying environmental factors; it emphasizes understanding the interaction
between the person and their environment. It's about assessing the dynamic relationship between the
individual's characteristics and the environment, not just identifying contributing factors.//
d. Initiative to address personal needs by changing socio-political environment - The
PIE perspective doesn't specifically advocate for changing the socio-political environment as a primary
intervention strategy. It's more focused on understanding the interaction between the person and their
environment to inform holistic interventions.////

14. You are a social worker for at-risk teens. Manny, age 15, has been seeing you after an
episode of shoplifting. He's doing well, and you plan to work toward ending therapy.
How do you FIRST approach termination?
a. Start reviewing Manny's successes in achieving his goals, and work with him
to set a date for the last counseling session. - Gradual termination involves acknowledging
the client's progress and collaboratively setting an end date for counseling. This empowers the client and
ensures a smooth transition./
b. Don't tell Manny your plan to terminate the counseling; he'll just regress. - This
approach goes against ethical and best practice guidelines. Transparent communication about termination is
crucial to empower the client and ensure a smooth transition. Not discussing termination can hinder the
client's progress.////
c. Call Manny’s parents and let them know you will have only three more sessions
with him - Communicating directly with the client's parents about termination without involving the client
is not a client-centered approach. The focus should be on involving the client in the process.///
d. Speak with your supervisor to get approval for termination. - While supervision is
important, involving a supervisor for approval of routine termination is unnecessary. Decisions about
 termination are typically made in collaboration with the client, and supervisors are usually involved for more
complex cases.//

15. When working with a family utilizing the systems approach, what should be the
PRIMARY focus of your assessment when helping a family understand and later address
the aggressive behavior of a teenage boy towards his siblings and parents?
a. Evaluating the boy’s social functioning in the context of the family unit that
includes its substructures and dynamics - The systems approach in social work considers the
dynamics of the family as a whole and its substructures. This choice reflects the focus on understanding the
family's interactions and relationships as they relate to the teenage boy's aggressive behavior./
b. Assessing the boy's learned behavior from his role models - While assessing learned
behavior from role models is relevant, it is not the primary focus of a systems approach. The primary focus,
as indicated by the correct answer (a), is to evaluate the boy’s social functioning within the family context
and its substructures.///
c. Investigating the boy’s psychosocial history for unresolved infantile drives and
instinct - This approach delves into the psychodynamic aspect of the individual's behavior, but a systems
approach is more concerned with understanding the family dynamics and interactions contributing to the
behavior.////
d. Analyzing the boy's family life cycle - While understanding the family life cycle can provide
insights, it may not be the primary focus when addressing aggressive behavior. The systems approach
emphasizes understanding the current interactions and structures in the family context.//

16. Marilyn is a hospice social worker whose father has just died. She is returning from a
week's bereavement leave. What is the best thing Marilyn could do to ensure that she is
ready to return to counseling those who are dealing with issues of death and dying?
a. It's not realistic to avoid working with hospice patients. Marilyn must get back to
work she is hired to do - This option is not recommended. It's important for social workers to take the
time they need to process their own grief and emotions. Returning to work too soon without adequate
emotional readiness could impact the quality of care she provides to patients.////
b. Marilyn should let patients and families know that she has just lost her father so
they will understand if she becomes tearful - While transparency is valuable, it's not necessary
for Marilyn to disclose her personal loss to every patient and family. Boundaries and professionalism are
crucial, and social workers can have personal feelings while maintaining their professionalism.///
c. Marilyn should not return to work until she is completely recovered from the
death of her father - While taking some time to grieve is important, this approach might lead to a
prolonged absence. It's more practical for Marilyn to engage in debriefing with colleagues or supervisors to
determine her readiness to return to work.//
d. Before return to casework, Marilyn should debrief with her supervisor and
or colleague, together they can determine the type of work she is ready to do
and the types of issues that may arise for her - Debriefing with a supervisor or colleague
allows Marilyn to discuss her emotional readiness and determine the types of cases she can handle
effectively. This approach ensures her well-being and readiness to support clients dealing with death and
dying./
17. Jennifer, an OFW domestic helper in Hongkong, came home after 3 years to start a small
business with her little savings. Shs discovered that her husband has been living with
another woman, while her 3 children are left under the care of her mother- in-law. When
applying the ecosystems perspective to Jennifer, an OFW returning to her family, which
assessments are critical to understanding her PIE?

I. Nature of inter-relational transactions between her and social environment

II. Her bio-psycho-social well-being, including capacities and motivation
III. Socio-political context of Jennifer’s environment
IV. Problems and their causes in the physical environment of Jennifer

a. II and IV - II: This aspect aligns with PIE by considering Jennifer's well-being in her environment; IV:
This also aligns with PIE, as it considers the environment's impact on her well-being. However, it doesn't
address her interactions within the environment.
b. I and II - I: This is a core concept of the PIE theory, emphasizing understanding how an individual
interacts with their environment; II - This aspect aligns with PIE by focusing on Jennifer's well-being within
her environment./
c. I and III - I: This directly connects with PIE, focusing on Jennifer's interactions within her environment;
III - While not the primary focus of PIE, understanding socio-political context can provide additional
insights.
d. II and III - II: This aligns with PIE by considering Jennifer's well-being in her environment; III: While not
the primary focus of PIE, it can offer insights.

18. Three days after being in a car accident, in which the driver of the other car died, David
felt as though he was in a daze, numb and as though the event did not happen to him. He
began having nightmares every night and began avoiding others to not have to talk about
what happened. He is not able to concentrate at work and at home, and the symptoms
have lasted for three weeks so far. He comes in for counseling, believing he is going
crazy. What is your first task?
a. Encouraging responsibility and decision-making to increase sense of
empowerment - While empowerment is important, this choice does not directly address Sammy's current
symptoms and emotional state. His traumatic experience requires a more immediate and empathetic
response.///
b. Referring for medication assessment - Referring for medication assessment might be relevant if
Sammy's symptoms were severe and ongoing, but it's not the first task. Initially, providing emotional support
and normalizing his feelings are essential.//
c. Encouraging Sammy to repeatedly tell his story to process his trauma - This approach
could potentially retraumatize Sammy, especially since he's already experiencing symptoms such as
nightmares and avoidance. Early in the process, normalizing his feelings and providing a self-care plan are
more appropriate.////
d. Normalizing feelings, provide information, and establishing a self-care plan -
In the aftermath of trauma, normalization, information, and self-care planning help clients understand their
reactions and develop coping strategies. Referring for medication (b) or encouraging repeated storytelling (c)
might not be the immediate best approach. Empowerment and decision-making (a) are important but may not
be the first task in this context./
19. You are a social worker at a university. One of your clients is the daughter of the dean.
During a session, the client expresses a great deal of anger at her mother, the dean, and
says she wants to show her independence by getting a nose ring and piercing her tongue,
which she knows her mother will disapprove of. A week after, the Dean comes to speak
to you. She wants to know why you told her daughter to get his nose and tongue pierced.
Ethically, your obligation is to:
a. Explain that as a social worker, you do not tell anyone to do anything - While it's true
that social workers don't typically give directives, this response may not necessarily be the best as it may
implicitly imply information about the client and may come off as snobbish.//
b. Suggest a joint session with her daughter - Given that the mother is not your client, suggesting
a joint session with the daughter's mother might not be appropriate. In this case, your primary ethical
responsibility is to your client, the daughter, and addressing her concerns. (May be “Suggest a joint session
with her mother.”)///
c. Show your own piercing and state that it is not a big deal - The remark is unnecessary,
unhelpful, unprofessional (this is not about you), and may come off as downplaying the Dean.////
d. Refrain from discussing the situation - Given that the Dean (mother) is not your client and
your primary obligation is to the well-being and autonomy of your client, the daughter, choice d is the most
ethically appropriate response. Respecting your client's confidentiality and autonomy is paramount./

20. When dealing with a street child, which is NOT a major case management function of a
generalist social worker?
a. Conducting therapy with a psychiatrist for the child’s rehabilitation -
Conducting therapy with a psychiatrist involves specialized clinical expertise that is outside the major case
management function of a generalist social worker./
b. Advocating for just policies at the agency level to promote child safety and
protection - This is a major case management function. It involves working to create an environment that
supports the well-being and protection of the street child.//
c. Connecting the client to available resources - This is a major case management function. It
involves ensuring that the child has access to the necessary services and support to address their needs.///
d. Working directly with the client and their environment - This is a major case management
function. Generalist social workers are expected to work directly with the individual and consider their
context to provide effective interventions.////

21. Erica, a woman who is in her early thirties and is eight months pregnant with her baby,
was turned over to the Manila City Social Welfare Office after she was spotted roaming
around near the city hall by a concerned citizen. When interviewed, Erica could not give
any pertinent information about herself. She looked disheveled and just stared blankly
most of the time. What is your immediate task as a social worker when managing Erica's
case?
a. Organizing a case conference attended by the concerned citizen, barangay and
police - This choice is not the immediate priority, as Erica's mental and physical well-being should come
first. While collaboration is important, the immediate priority is Erica's safety and well-being.
 b. Exploring possibility of referring Erica for mental evaluation and for
temporary shelter - Erica's disheveled appearance, blank stare, and inability to provide pertinent
information indicate that she may be in distress or facing mental health issues. The immediate concern is her
well-being and the well-being of her unborn baby. Exploring the possibility of mental evaluation and
temporary shelter is essential to ensure her safety and address her immediate needs.
c. Preparing a blotter report and turning Erica over to her family - Turning Erica over to her
family without addressing her potential mental health issues, providing her with necessary support, and
guaranteeing her safety and well being might not be appropriate.
d. Preparing a Social Case Study Report and referring Erica to Court Social Worker -
Creating a social case study report and referring to a court social worker can be part of the process, but
immediate safety and evaluation take precedence over formal case study and court processes.

22. Which of the following statements is true regarding a suicidal client?

a. Though it is a fine line ethically, by law, the social worker must breach
confidentiality to ensure that the client is protected. - This statement acknowledges the
ethical complexity surrounding breaching confidentiality in cases of imminent harm, such as suicidal clients.
It emphasizes that while there may be ethical considerations and nuances to balance, the law and ethics
generally require social workers to breach confidentiality when a client's safety is at risk, ensuring their
protection./
b. The social worker is ethically warranted to violate confidentiality in order to
safeguard the client. - While ethics play a role, the legal mandate to breach confidentiality is the key
factor.///
c. The social worker can and must maintain confidentiality. - While maintaining
confidentiality is a general principle, it may need to be overridden by the legal and ethical obligation to
protect the client's life.////
d. The social worker is required by law and ethics to breach confidentiality to
protect the client. - The correct perspective is that social workers are required to breach confidentiality
in cases of imminent harm, but the decision is based on careful assessment of risk, consultation, and
consideration of the client's well-being. The wording of choice d oversimplifies this important ethical
decision-making process, leading to its classification as an incorrect choice in this context.//

23. A client was disappointed about his unpleasant experience with a previous social worker,
thus appearing suspicious about you as his current social worker. To encourage a client to
express negative feelings freely for therapeutic purposes, without condemning those
feelings, which principle is MOST appropriate?
a. Purposeful expression of feelings - While encouraging purposeful expression of feelings is
important, it doesn't emphasize the nonjudgmental aspect that acceptance provides.////
b. Acceptance - The principle of acceptance involves creating a safe and nonjudgmental space for clients to
express their feelings without fear of condemnation. This helps build trust and rapport between the client and
the social worker, allowing the client to openly share their emotions and experiences./
c. Encouraging meaningful client-worker relationship - While this is an important principle,
it's not the primary focus when encouraging clients to express negative feelings freely.//
d. Confidentiality - While confidentiality is crucial, it doesn't directly relate to encouraging clients to
express negative feelings freely.///
24. You are a school social worker. Andrei, 8, is referred to you by his teacher for verbally
and physically threatening his classmates. You meet first with Andrei and then with his
parents. Andrei is the youngest of 5 children. There is no history of other children
exhibiting behavior problems. He has recently seen his pediatrician, and there are no
medical concerns. The parents, both college professors, are concerned and state, "This is
so unlike our family. Andrei is such a problem kid at school." What type of referral
would you make?
a. No referral necessary since they appear to be a good family that can work things
out with Andrei - While this might be the case, the family's concern indicates a need for professional
intervention.//
b. Refer the family for short-term family counseling - Given the information provided
about Andrei's behavior and the family's concern, a short-term family counseling referral would be
appropriate. This choice addresses the behavioral issue, involves the parents, and provides an opportunity for
the family to work together to understand and address the problem./
c. Report to child protective services and recommend a home visit - There's no indication
of abuse or neglect in this scenario, so involving child protective services is not necessary.///
d. Blame the teacher because Andrei’s family is a high functioning family - Blaming the
teacher is not appropriate or helpful, and the focus should be on addressing the behavior rather than placing
blame.////

25. What sources contribute to social work knowledge as applied to casework?

I. Researches and studies

II. Social worker's experiences
III. Derived knowledge from other professions
IV. Borrowed knowledge from related disciplines

a. I, III, and IV - This choice inaccurately includes borrowed knowledge from other discipline (IV), and
exclude social worker’s experiences which offer practical insights, skill development, ethical understanding,
cultural competence, and innovative strategies that enrich social work knowledge and practice///
b. II, III, and IV - This choice inaccurately includes borrowed knowledge from other discipline (IV), and
excludes which is a critical source of evidence-based knowledge.////
c. I, II, and IV - This choice inaccurately includes borrowed knowledge from other discipline (IV), and
excludes derived knowledge which enriches social work knowledge by integrating diverse perspectives and
adapting proven approaches to address complex challenges.//
d. I, II, and III - This choice accurately includes researches and studies (I), social worker's experiences
(II), and derived knowledge from other professions (III) as sources that contribute to social work knowledge
in casework. Borrowed knowledge from related disciplines is not considered a source that contributes to
social work knowledge because it entails directly transplanting information or practices from other fields
without necessarily adapting them to the unique complexities and ethical considerations of social work
contexts./

26. Negotiating the "service jungle" involves linking clients to needed services. The
following roles are performed during this except one?
 a. Facilitator - A facilitator assists in making processes smoother and ensuring effective communication,
which is relevant when linking clients to services.////
b. Expediter - An expediter helps expedite the process of accessing services, which is a critical role in
service navigation.///
c. Escort - Escorting a client does not necessarily involve actively coordinating services or navigating the
service system./
d. Advocate - An advocate fights for the rights and needs of the clients, ensuring they receive the appropriate
services. This is also a crucial role in linking clients to needed resources.//

27. In the role of ___, a social worker empowers clients to find strengths and resources for
change. It refers to when a social worker performs a supporting and empowering function
to enable the client to achieve the desired change.
a. Mediator - A mediator facilitates communication and resolution between conflicting parties, focusing on
conflict resolution rather than empowering clients for change.////
b. Counselor - While counselors provide support and guidance, the specific role described involves
empowering clients to find strengths and resources for change, which aligns more with the role of an
enabler.//
c. Enabler - This role emphasizes empowering clients to identify and use their strengths for positive
change./
d. Advocate - Advocates focus on fighting for clients' rights and needs, often at a systemic level, rather than
directly empowering clients for change.///

28. Which assessment tool provides a visual representation of the family's social connections
and is useful for evaluating family, social, and community relationships?
a. Genogram - A genogram is a visual representation of family relationships and history, highlighting
patterns and dynamics across generations.//
b. Rapid Assessment Instruments - Rapid assessment instruments are tools used to quickly gather
specific data about a client's situation and needs.////
c. Ecomap - It visually represents the family's social connections and interactions within their broader
environment./
d. Timelines - Timelines depict events in chronological order and are useful for tracking life events and
changes over time.///

29. Which factors in a person’s situation can affect coping capabilities, leading to social
functioning problems?

I. Lack of resources
II. Structural deficiencies in society.
III. Unresponsive/Unfavorable opportunities

a. II only - Lack of resources and structural deficiencies in society are missing from this choice, which are
part of the correct answer.////
b. I only - Structural deficiencies in society and unresponsive/unfavorable opportunities are missing from this
choice, which are part of the correct answer.///
 c. I and II - Unresponsive/unfavorable opportunities are missing from this choice, which is part of the correct
answer.//
d. I, II, and III - This choice correctly identifies all three factors that can collectively impact coping
capabilities and contribute to social functioning problems./

30. Paula, a 15-year old girl, voluntarily wants to enter a drug rehabilitation program, what is
the next thing to do?
a. Treat the client - While treating the client is a crucial step, it should be based on a well-informed
decision. Consulting with a supervisor helps ensure that proper protocols are followed and the best course of
action is taken.//
b. Let the parents of the clients know she is there for treatment - Parental involvement
might be important, but before any actions are taken, it's advisable to consult with a supervisor to consider
potential legal and ethical implications.///
c. Get a release from the legal guardian - Obtaining legal guardian consent is important, but
consulting with a supervisor is the first step to ensure that the right procedures are followed.////
d. Consult with your supervisor - When dealing with sensitive situations involving minors and
potential legal implications, consulting with a supervisor is a standard practice to ensure that actions are taken
in the best interests of the client while adhering to ethical and legal guidelines./

Situational Analysis

Situation 1:
Argus, a 4-year old boy, was referred by his mother for institutionalization. His mother is
a solo parent and earns a living by doing laundry. She has three other sons aged 8, 5, and 6 years
old. After a careful evaluation of the case by the social worker, he was accepted at the Reception
and Study Center for Children (RSCC).

31. What must be the reason for accepting Argus even if he still has a family?
a. Inability of the family to provide for his basic needs - In social work, the primary
concern is the well-being of the child. If the family is unable to meet the child's basic needs due to economic
constraints, it may be necessary to provide alternative care to ensure the child's safety, health, and
development./
b. His mother lacks parenting skills to take care of him. - While parenting skills are important,
they might not be the main reason for institutionalization. Social workers should aim to strengthen families
by providing support and education to enhance parenting skills.///
c. His mother is working and unable to take care of him. - Employment alone does not
determine a parent's ability to care for a child. Many working parents successfully raise their children while
balancing work responsibilities.//
d. Argus’ mother is an irresponsible parent. - This choice makes an assumption about the mother's
character without sufficient evidence. Social work decisions should be based on thorough assessments rather
than judgments about parental responsibility.////

32. What statement is TRUE with respect to the institutionalization of Argus?

a. Community-based service is preferable than institutional care - While this statement is
true in general, the context matters. It's not about a blanket preference, but rather an assessment of what is
 best for the specific child and family situation. Although it is true that community-based services are
generally considered more preferable over institutional care, as they aim to keep children within their family
and community environments whenever possible.//
b. Institutional care for him is better than family care since his family has problems.
- This choice incorrectly assumes that institutional care is always superior to family care when the family has
problems. Efforts should be made to address the family's problems and provide support to keep the child
within the family if possible.////
c. Institutionalization is the right intervention for him whose family is economically
handicapped. - While economic challenges might be a factor, institutionalization should still be
considered as a last resort. Economic challenges alone are not sufficient justification for removing a child
from their family.///
d. Institutionalization for him is the last resort. - In social work practice, the principle of
family preservation and community-based care is generally prioritized over institutionalization.
Institutionalization should indeed be considered as a last resort when all other options have been explored and
found to be inadequate or unsafe for the child's well-being./

33. How can the social worker validate the information provided by the mother?
a. Observation with the mother during her interview at the center - While observation
during the interview can provide some insight, it might not be sufficient to validate all the information
provided.////
b. Collateral information from relatives and neighbors - Collateral information from
relatives and neighbors can help validate the information provided by the mother and provide a more
comprehensive understanding of the family's situation. Options a, c, and d are also valid methods of gathering
information, but option b specifically addresses the need to verify and cross-reference information to ensure
accuracy./
c. Interview with Argus - Interviewing Argus can provide his perspective but might not fully validate the
mother's information.///
d. Use of secondary data - Using secondary data, while helpful, may not offer a comprehensive picture
of the family's situation.//

34. Which is the end-goal with respect to the institutional care of Argus?
a. Place him temporarily in an institution - While temporary placement might be part of the plan,
it's not the ultimate goal. The goal is to eventually reunite the child with his family if and when it's safe and
feasible to do so.////
b. Prepare him to enter formal school - While education is important, the primary goal here is to
ensure the child's overall well-being and family stability.///
c. Prepare him for permanent placement - Permanent placement is not the primary goal in this case.
Efforts should be focused on preserving the family and working towards reunification.//
d. Build the family’s capability to take care of him - The ultimate goal of social work
intervention in cases like this is to strengthen the family's capacity to provide for the child's well-being and
development. The aim is to enable the family to overcome their challenges and provide a safe and supportive
environment for the child./

35. What guiding principles should be observed by the social worker in this case?

I. Acceptance
II. Confidentiality
 III. Self-determination
IV. Worker's self-awareness

a. II, III and IV - This choice is incorrect. While confidentiality, self-determination, and worker's
self-awareness are important guiding principles, the missing principle here is "Acceptance." Acceptance is
also a critical principle in social work, emphasizing the need to respect and accept clients as they are, without
judgment or bias.////
b. I, III and IV - This choice is incorrect for the same reason as the previous choice. It's missing the
principle of "Confidentiality."///
c. I, II and IV - This choice is incorrect because it doesn't include the principle of "Self-determination."
Self-determination emphasizes the importance of allowing clients to make their own choices and decisions
about their lives and situations.//
d. I, II and III - This is the correct answer. It includes all the essential guiding principles that a social
worker should observe in this case: "Acceptance" (I), "Confidentiality" (II), and "Self-determination" (III).
"Worker's self-awareness" (IV) is also important, but it is not as fundamental as the other principles in this
context./

Situation 2:
Jemaima, a 16-year old girl, was turned-over to the Home for the Angels Child Caring
Foundation, Inc. after she was intercepted in Davao from an illegal recruiter who was bound for
Quezon City. She was lured to work in a restaurant in Quezon City.

36. As a social worker, how will you start the helping process using social casework?
a. Plan for a social casework program - Planning for a social casework program is a later step in the
process that comes after conducting an initial assessment and understanding the client's needs. Without
gathering information about the client's situation, planning would lack the necessary context.///
b. Conduct an intake interview - An intake interview involves gathering essential information about
the client's background, circumstances, and needs, which is crucial to understand the situation and formulate
an appropriate intervention plan./
c. Refer the child for other services - Referring the child for other services without fully
understanding the client's needs through an intake interview can lead to inappropriate referrals and
interventions that might not address the actual issues.////
d. Contact the family and return the child - While involving the family is important, this choice
jumps to a potential solution without proper assessment and intervention planning, which are essential steps
prior to involving the family.//

37. Based on the case at hand, what activity is part of the FIRST phase in the helping
process?
a. Intake interview with the client - Conducting an intake interview with the client is typically part
of the FIRST phase in the helping process. This phase involves gathering information about the client's
situation, history, and needs, which is essential for understanding the client's context and formulating an
appropriate intervention plan./
b. Discuss goals and interventions - Discussing goals and interventions comes after the initial
assessment, which is typically the first step in the helping process. Without understanding the client's
situation, discussing goals would lack the necessary foundation.//
 c. Prepare the client to implement her goal - Preparing the client to implement her goal is a later
step that follows after the goal has been identified and agreed upon. The initial phase involves understanding
the client's situation.///
d. Client provides feedback - Client feedback is important but typically comes later in the process after
interventions have been implemented and progress has been made.////

38. What is the social worker's role in preparing the rescued, trafficked child for casework?
a. Prepare the social case study of the client - Preparing the social case study of the client is a later
step that involves synthesizing information gathered during assessment, which comes after establishing
rapport and understanding the client's situation.//
b. Develop the treatment plan - Developing the treatment plan is a subsequent step that follows
assessment and intervention planning. The initial step involves building rapport and facilitating
communication.///
c. Facilitate communication wherein the client can express her concern - The social
worker's role in preparing the rescued child for casework includes facilitating communication wherein the
client can express her concerns. This is essential to establish rapport, build trust, and create a safe space for
the client to share her feelings and thoughts./
d. Conduct feedback sessions on the achievement of the goals - Conducting feedback
sessions occurs after interventions have been implemented and progress has been made. The initial phase
involves establishing trust and communication.////

39. As the social worker, how will you help the rescued child to be reintegrated with her
family?
a. Coordinate with the local Social Welfare Office where the family resides -
Coordinating with the local Social Welfare Office where the family resides is the appropriate step to help the
rescued child be reintegrated with her family. Local social welfare offices are well-equipped to provide
support, assess the family's situation, and facilitate the reintegration process./
b. Allow the child to travel by herself back to her family - Allowing the child to travel by
herself might not be safe or appropriate considering her age and the circumstances that led to her placement
in the Home for the Angels. Reintegration involves careful planning and coordination.////
c. Coordinate with the national Department of Social Welfare and Development for
assistance - While national coordination might be necessary in certain cases, local coordination is
typically more immediate and relevant in cases of family reintegration.//
d. Send a letter to her family informing them about the rescue of their child - Sending a
letter is a passive approach and might not ensure a successful reintegration process. Reintegration involves
active coordination and support.///

40. How is the skill in using agency and community resources evident in this case?
a. Using records to help the client review her experiences - Using records is related to
information-gathering and intervention planning, but it doesn't directly demonstrate the skill of connecting
clients to external resources.////
b. Helping the client develop the programs - Helping the client develop programs is important for
intervention planning, but it doesn't specifically demonstrate the skill of utilizing agency and community
resources.///
c. Designing appropriate programs to solve the different problems/needs of the
client - Designing programs is essential, but it doesn't specifically emphasize the skill of accessing external
resources and services.//
 d. Making use of specialized services by means of referral - The skill in using agency and
community resources is evident in the case by making use of specialized services through referrals. This
involves connecting the client to relevant services provided by agencies or organizations with expertise in
addressing specific needs./

Situation 3:
Aling Rosa, 35 years old, is one of the survivors of Typhoon Egay that badly hit the
southern provinces of the country last December 2012. Unfortunately, Aling Rosa's husband was
declared missing together with her seven-year old son as a result of a flash flood that totally
destroyed their house. Aling Rosa and her three (3) other children aged eleven (11), nine (9) and
seven (7), all girls, are temporarily staying in an evacuation center provided by the local
government while waiting for their permanent relocation site which may take another quarter to
complete. At the evacuation center, life is difficult for Aling Rosa and her children. She plans to
look for a job. A friend suggests that she apply as a domestic helper in Singapore through a local
recruiter who urgently needs applicants for immediate hiring. Aling Rosa feels desperate about
their condition but hopeful and always thinking positively. She hopes to meet and talk to her
sister soon.

41. How will you facilitate a professional helping relationship with Aling Rosa?
a. Discuss with Aling Rosa what actions are most practical for the benefit of her
children - This choice focuses on collaborative decision-making and involving Aling Rosa in planning,
making it an appropriate approach to building a professional helping relationship./
b. Introduce to Aling Rosa the "contract" as part of the helping process - Introducing a
"contract" might feel too formal and contractual at this stage, possibly undermining the establishment of a
trusting and empathetic relationship. It's important to focus on building rapport and understanding before
introducing formal structures.//
c. Assert and explain to Aling Rosa that you are the designated social worker to
provide all the necessary support for her - This choice emphasizes authority and might not
foster a sense of partnership and collaboration.///
d. Instruct Aling Rosa on what she must do step-by-step for her own benefit and to
facilitate her immediate deployment overseas - This approach may come across as
prescriptive and directive, lacking the client's active participation and autonomy. It's important to involve
Aling Rosa in decision-making rather than providing a rigid set of instructions.////

42. What is the presenting problem of Aling Rosa?

a. Where to get some financial assistance to apply as a domestic helper - The
scenario mentions that Aling Rosa plans to look for a job and that she feels desperate about their current
condition. Her husband is missing, and her family's house was destroyed in a flood. Given their dire
circumstances and the need to support her three young children, Aling Rosa is actively considering
employment options, including working as a domestic helper abroad. This concern directly relates to her
desperate situation and her aspiration to find stable income to improve their living conditions. The answer
choice "a" accurately captures the urgency and practicality of her need for financial assistance to pursue
overseas employment./
b. Educational support for the schooling of her children - While this is an important concern,
the scenario does not specifically mention education as Aling Rosa's primary presenting problem. Her
 immediate focus is on finding a job to improve their situation, and education is not explicitly highlighted as
her initial worry.///
c. Feeling of anxiety and apprehension on their current situation - While Aling Rosa may
indeed be feeling desperate about their condition, it was also stated that she is hopeful and is always thinking
positively. Although it seems like there is a lot to unpack regarding her circumstances, the problem she might
have presented to the social worker is not this but regarding her job prospect.//
d. Immediate medical treatment of her illness - The scenario does not mention any illness or
health-related concern that would make this option a presenting problem for Aling Rosa. While her
well-being is important, there is no indication in the scenario that her medical treatment is her primary
concern.////

43. As a social worker, what will be your role in this instance?

a. Assist Aling Rosa to secure her travel documents for overseas work - While assisting
with travel documents might be relevant if Aling Rosa decides to pursue overseas work, the scenario doesn't
explicitly mention this as her immediate concern. The more pressing need is for emotional support and
guidance.//
b. Identify the recruiter and request for discount on the travel processing fee of
Aling Rosa - While this might be a practical step if Aling Rosa decides to pursue overseas work, the
focus of her initial interaction with the social worker is on addressing her feelings and plans, not negotiating
travel expenses. This choice doesn't directly address her emotional needs.///
c. Allow Aling Rosa to ventilate her feelings, listen to her plans and help her
locate her older sister - As a social worker, your primary role is to provide support, empathy, and a
safe space for Aling Rosa to express her emotions and thoughts. "C" demonstrates a client-centered approach
that acknowledges Aling Rosa's emotional state, her aspirations, and her desire for connection with her
sister./
d. Assure Aling Rosa that you will identify an alternate center for her children when
she decides to work overseas - The scenario mentions that Aling Rosa is considering working
overseas but hasn't committed to it. Assuring an alternative center for her children assumes a decision that
has not been finalized and doesn't align with her current need to express her feelings and seek emotional
support.////

44. What is the PRIORITY concern of Aling Rosa?

a. Solicit cash from friends and relatives to be able to submit her application for
overseas work - Financial concerns are not the primary focus of Aling Rosa's situation. Her main
priority is related to her emotional well-being and family dynamics.////
b. Hopeful to meet her sister and share what she feels and plans for her family -
Despite her desire to find a job and her lack of work experience, her immediate need to earn a living is driven
by her determination to support her family in their difficult situation. Her primary concern is to secure a
means of livelihood to provide for her children's basic needs and improve their current circumstances. This
aligns with her resilience and determination to overcome challenges/
c. She has no work experience but she wants to get a job immediately. - While her work
experience might be a concern, it's not her top priority. Her emotional state and family situation take
precedence in this scenario.///
d. Feel better and be able to apply for a job anywhere - Aling Rosa's behavior and feelings
described in the scenario do not reflect her being "so depressed and frequently disoriented on what to do with
her children." On the contrary, Aling Rosa is depicted as someone who is hopeful, positive, and determined to
improve her family's situation. She is actively considering employment options and seeking ways to support
 her children. Therefore, choice "d" does not accurately represent Aling Rosa's state of mind and actions as
described in the scenario.//

45. Which of these specific signs shows that Aling Rosa is resilient?
a. She thinks positively and hopeful to meet her sister and be able to talk and share
her fears and anxieties in life. - While positive thinking is beneficial, resilience goes beyond just
having positive thoughts. It involves taking concrete actions to adapt and thrive in difficult circumstances.///
b. Every mother like Aling Rosa always feels positive about their capacity to
overcome the challenges of life. - This choice assumes that all mothers, including Aling Rosa,
naturally have a positive outlook on their ability to overcome challenges. However, resilience is a personal
trait that varies among individuals, and not all mothers will necessarily feel positive or resilient in the face of
adversity.//
c. Aling Rosa has accepted the fate that happened to her family and she wanted
to work to earn a living. - This choice makes a generalization and does not specifically indicate
Aling Rosa's personal resilience./
d. Aling Rosa is so depressed and is frequently disoriented on what to do with her
children. - This description does not align with resilience. Resilience involves the ability to navigate
challenges and maintain a sense of purpose and adaptability.////

Situation 4:
Among the urgent issues associated with the phenomenon of street children, a deeply
concerning subset is that of children-in-conflict with the law (CICL). The escalation in their
numbers, notably concentrated in urban centers, underscores a troubling trend where
socio-economic disparities, lack of familial support, and exposure to street life contribute to their
involvement in criminal activities. When these vulnerable juveniles are apprehended after
committing offenses, a distressing scenario unfolds: a significant proportion of them find
themselves incarcerated alongside adult offenders within correctional facilities. This practice not
only jeopardizes their physical and emotional well-being due to potential abuse and exploitation
but also hampers their chances of accessing tailored rehabilitative measures essential for their
reintegration into society

46. What is your role as a social worker in the prevention of juvenile delinquency?
a. Advocate in the prevention of juvenile delinquency - Advocating in the prevention of
juvenile delinquency is a key role of a social worker. Social workers work to create awareness, develop and
implement programs, and collaborate with various stakeholders to address the underlying causes of juvenile
delinquency and prevent its occurrence./
b. Mediator between the offender and the offended party - While mediation can be an
important role in resolving conflicts, it is not the primary role of a social worker in preventing juvenile
delinquency.///
c. Broker of available community and government facilities - This role is more aligned with
coordinating resources, but it does not directly address the prevention of juvenile delinquency.////
d. Trainer of street children and their families - While training can be part of prevention efforts, it
is not the core role of a social worker in addressing juvenile delinquency. Advocacy and intervention
strategies are more central.//
47. What refers to the involvement of various stakeholders in responding to the issues of
CICL?
a. Research activities - While research is important for understanding the issues, it does not fully capture
the concept of involving various stakeholders in responding to issues related to children in conflict with the
law (CICL).////
b. Awareness-raising - While raising awareness is important, it does not encompass the comprehensive
involvement of stakeholders.Effective response requires more active engagement and collaboration among
stakeholders.///
c. Networking and coordination - Networking and coordination involve engaging various
stakeholders, including government agencies, non-governmental organizations, community members, and
institutions, to collaboratively address the complex issues associated with children-in-conflict with the law
(CICL)./
d. Training and development - While training and development can be part of engaging stakeholders, it
does not encompass the entire concept. They do not capture the collective effort and collaboration needed to
address the multifaceted challenges of CICL.//

48. What pertains to the enactment of a child-friendly law to protect the rights of CICL?
a. Social mobilization - Social mobilization involves rallying community support and engagement, but it
doesn't specifically address the legal aspect of enacting child-friendly laws.//
b. Policy advocacy - The enactment of child-friendly laws to protect the rights of children-in-conflict
with the law involves policy advocacy. Social workers engage in policy advocacy to influence
decision-makers, promote legislative changes, and ensure that laws reflect the best interests of CICL./
c. Program development - While program development is important for interventions, it doesn't capture
the process of advocating for and enacting legal changes through policy advocacy.////
d. Research work - Research informs policy, but it doesn't encompass the process of actively advocating
for and influencing the enactment of laws.///

49. What special youth-care facility should a 12-15 year old juvenile delinquent who
committed a crime against person and property be mandatorily placed?
a. Reception and Action Center - The Reception and Action Center is not the most appropriate facility
for a juvenile delinquent who committed a crime against person and property. This facility is for temporary
custody and assessment, not for addressing specific offenses.//
b. Intensive Juvenile Intervention and Support Center - This is the appropriate facility for
a 12-15 year old juvenile delinquent who committed a crime against person and property. The Intensive
Juvenile Intervention and Support Center is specifically designed to cater to the needs of juveniles involved
in criminal offenses./
c. National Vocational Rehabilitation Center - This facility is not the appropriate placement for
addressing offenses committed by juvenile delinquents.///
d. National Manpower and Youth Center - Similar to the previous option, this facility is not
designed for addressing criminal offenses by juvenile delinquents.////

50. Which of these alternative interventions is MOST appropriate for juvenile delinquents
who committed an offense without resorting to court proceedings?
a. Referral to a rehabilitation center - Referral to a rehabilitation center might be necessary for more
serious cases, but if the situation doesn't warrant court proceedings, a less intensive intervention might be
suitable.//
b. Encouraging an amicable settlement - While amicable settlements can be beneficial in certain
situations, they may not address the underlying issues leading to delinquent behavior.///
c. Applying family casework - While involving the family is important, focusing solely on family
casework might not directly address individual factors contributing to delinquent behavior, such as personal
experiences or lack of coping skills. A diversion program offers a more comprehensive approach tailored to
the individual's needs and helps prevent future delinquency.////
d. Undergoing a diversion program - A diversion program involves diverting the juvenile away
from formal court proceedings while engaging them in interventions designed to address their behavior,
needs, and circumstances. This is the most appropriate alternative when court proceedings are not deemed
necessary./