URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT FRAMEWORK IN ASIA-PACIFIC

RESEARCH BRIEF

Background of Project
Each country in Asia-Pacific has different transport challenges as they are in different stages of economic
growth. However, it is undoubtedly that they all face a common problem of rising rate of urbanization
and increasing ownership of private vehicles, subsequently causing traffic congestions and impairing air
quality and living standards.

Scope of the Research

For the purpose of this research, the countries that will feature in in the report are: the definition of
Asia-Pacific includes selected 14 countries within the follow sub-regions:

East Asia South Asia Southeast Asia Oceania

People's Republic of India (written by UITP Malaysia Australia (written by
China, India) UITP ANZ)
Japan Bangladesh (written by Singapore New Zealand (written
UITP India) by UITP ANZ)
South Korea Thailand
Taiwan Philippines
Vietnam
Indonesia

Other countries that may be briefly mentioned are:

 Bhutan
 Cambodia
 Brunei Darussalam
 Pakistan
 Myanmar

Objective of Project
To provide an overview of the public transport framework across Asia-Pacific countries as this region has
such diversity in urban public transport development. According to World Bank, Asia-Pacific comprises
approximately one-third of world’s current GDP, with approximately USD23.9 trillion in 2015. The region
is extremely diverse as East Asia and Pacific (mainly consists of developed countries) are experiencing
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RESEARCH BRIEF

GDP growth at 3.9%, slightly above the global growth of 2.5%, while South Asia experienced a growth of
7.2% in 2015.

This report aims to support public transport professionals to establish a clear picture of the framework
of public transport in Asia-Pacific, with detailed country profiles and comparable key indicators.

Outline of Report
1. Introduction of Asia-Pacific and Introduction for per country

This section will also include the basic economic indicators for the last 10 years
 GDP and GDP growth
 Population and population growth (Urban vs Rural)
 Growth of cities in Asia-Pacific countries

2. PT Statistics and background for each country (National levels)

 Motorisation rate (Passenger car per 1000 ppl, Motorcycle per 100 ppl)
 Car ownership
 Annual number of journeys (boarding) by urban and suburban public transport
 Length of Metro railway infrastructure
 Length of LRT and Tram rail infrastructure
 Length of road infrastructure (in urban areas)
 Number of public bus and BRT fleet (intracity routes)
 Number of Taxi
 Number of jobs in urban and suburban public transport sector

3. Description of PT Organising Framework for each country

3.1 The organisation structure of Organising Authority

 What is the organization structure of Organising Authority? The linkage between
National and Municipal (if any) – Provide organisation chart if possible.
 What is the extent and scope of the state/municipal government on urban PT?
 How is the decision of new operations being made and carried out?

3.2 What is the regulation framework for PT?

 What model of regulation for PT? Public monopolies, hybrid model to deregulation?
 What is the legislation on public transport?
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RESEARCH BRIEF

 Any recent PT reform or new legislation?

3.3 The business model for Public Transport

 The contracts between Transport Authorities and Operators - how are their roles
defined?
 What is the financial arrangement in the contract?
 Who are the stakeholders in PT infrastructure?
 Who are the stakeholders in PT operations?

3.4 Summary of the major players in the PT industry

 Name of Operator
 Cities where they are present
 Public or Private
 Transport mode covered
 Turnover (2015)
 Fleet size per mode
 Number of employees
 Number of passengers

3.5 Funding and financing of PT

 Source of funding for PT infrastructure
 What are the major government subsidies in place?

3.6 Future plans for PT

 Any future plans announced by authorities?
 What is their vision? Any targets?

Target market
This report is predominately aiming for those who are seeking for opportunities in Asia-Pacific region,
ranging from operators to suppliers.

Proposed timeline
 End of January 2017 - Draft report to be completed
 February – March 2017 – Production of report
 May 2017 – Report to be release at UITP Global Public Transport Summit