Escalators, like moving walkways, are ESCALATO RS powered by constant-speed alternating current motors and move at approximately 1 — 2 ft/sec (0.3 — 0.6 m/s ). The number of passengers is important because escalators are designed to carry a certain maximum number of people. A single width escalator traveling at about 1.5 ft/sec ( 0.45 m/s ) can move an estimated 170 persons per five-minute period. Wider models traveling at up to 2 ft/sec ( 0.6 m/s ) can handle as many as 450 people in the same time period. The carrying capacity of an escalator must match the expected peak traffic demand. The maximum angle of inclination of an escalator to the horizontal is 30° with a standard rise up to about 60 ft ( 18 m ). On average an escalator has 60 steps, but it can vary greatly because they are made specifically for the area they're in. (From: PSME Code)ELEVATORS Pao ali one 0 en suave E a = 0 1 E 1 AA standard size elevator is 2,500 Ib capacity. The floor area of an elevator of this capacity is 27.1 ft2 ( = 4.5 ftx 6 ft ). The maximum floor area of a given capacity elevator is restricted by ASME 17.1 Elevator Safety Code. This means that a larger elevator must be capable of holding more weight. Under elevator safety code all elevators in public buildings must be able to accommodate a wheel chair. The size and shape of an elevator is determined by their intended use. A hospital elevator may be longer and narrow to accommodate a gurney. An office building elevator may be square or any other ‘combination of dimensions to meet the code requirement for its size. The capacity of a standard passenger elevator varies, but generally itis, within 1,000 ~ 6,000 Ib ( = 454 ~ 2 722 kg ), depending on the floor area of the elevator car. Freight elevators, of course, are designed to hold much heavier loads. A standard residential elevator, however, is generally not used for heavy loads and generally can carry up to 750 Ib ( 340 kg ) Generally speaking, a standard elevator in a low-rise building can hold about 2,000 or 2,500 Ib ( 907 - 1,134 kg ). The larger the building, the more capacity the elevator will hold, however. In a mid-rise building, 2 standard elevator will have a capacity of about 3,000 to 4,000 Ib ( 1361-1 814 kg ); and in high-rise buildings, 4,000 Ib ( 1 814 kg ) or more. Because of the dangers elevators ‘can pose, regulatory bodies are usually set up to help ensure their safety. In the United States, floor-area based standards for elevator capacities are required by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers ( ASME ). The ASME also stipulates the inside dimensions of an elevator car based on weight capacity and type and size of doors. Statistically, a standard elevator is relatively safe. They are supported by steel cables. Each cable alone could support a fully loaded elevator car. But there ‘can be dangers when a standard elevator is packed beyond its weight capacity.from PSME Code all concrete or steel building with more than three stories shall be advised to installed passenger elevators. 8. For determining number of elevators the following shall be used asa basis. 4. There shall be one elevator per 220 persons occupying in a building other than first floor. 2, By floor area, 9.3 m? of floor area is average density of occupancy per person 3, Floor area divided by 9.3 equal to number of persons. 4, Number of persons divided by 220 is number of elevators. C. For determining capacities of elevators the following shall be used as a basis for elevator or elevators capacities. This is on the basis of carrying within 5 minutes the following percentage of building occupants as follows: 1. for Apartments: 8 ~ 10% 2. for Offices: 10-13 % 3. for Department stores: 13-15 % D. The following formulas shall used for determining the maximum rated load of passenger elevators: 1. For an elevator having an inside net platform area of not more than 4.65 m’. W = 35,10 (A)? + 326,224 (A) where W = maximum rated load, kg from B: A= area,m? < 4,65 m= of persons Hof elevators = *2f Persons 2. Foran elevator having an inside net platform area of more than 4.65 m? 220 W = 2,458 (A)? + 611,36(A) - 621.4 wz Hof persons = Floor area W = maximum rated load, kg Pr = o3m A = area,m? > 4.65 m*1.Find the maximum load in kilograms of an elevator having a net inside platform area of 2 m2. For area (A) < 4.65 m?: Ww 35.10 (A)? + 326.224 (A) W = 35.10(2 m2)” + 326.224 (2 m2) W =792.85kg2. How many elevators are required if there are 1850 people occupying the whole building other that of that of the first or ground floor? No. of People 220 1850 220 No. of Elevators = No. of Elevators = No. of Elevators = 8.41 = 9 Elevators3. If an elevator car has a net inside platform of 51 square feet, solve for its maximum rated load in kips. 2 1m A=s1f? (scarp) = 4.738 m2 For area (A) > 4.65 m?: W = 2.458 (A)? + 611.36(A) - 621.4 W = 2.458 (4.738 m?)? + 611.36(4.738 m”) - 621.4 2.205 lb\ / 1 kip W = 2330.144 kg (2.205 1b - i 9 ( Tkg ) (seas i) 5.138 kips