Module Reviewer: 1

Platform Technologies: Introduction

COMPUTER REVOLUTION: Nineteenth century:

1837 - Charles Babbage - "Analytical Engine" and "Turing Complete" .

1847-1854 - George Boole - Develops Boolean Algebra.
Mid-late nineteenth century mechanical and electromechanical.

The 20’s:

1920's - The German Enigma Machine was developed by Arthur Scherbius.

The 30’s:

1936, May 28 - Alan Turing - submits "On Computable Numbers, with an

Application to the Entscheidungsproblem“.
1939, December 31 - Hewlett-Packard Company founded by William
Hewlett and David Packard - they didn't make any computers until 1966.

The 40’s:

1943 - the first programmable digital electronic computer is built by the British
to decode.

1949 - American physicists, An Wang and Way Dong Woo - pulse transfer
controlling device.

The 50’s:

March 30, 1951 - UNIVAC was built

April 21, 1951 - Whirlwind.
April 1952 - An IBM 405 Alphabetical Accounting Machine.

The 50’s:

1958 - Sage Computer - World's Largest Computer.

1958 - John McCarthy - invents Lisp.
February 6, 1959 - Scientist Jack Kilby - an Integrated Circuit.

The 60’s:

1961, April 25 - Robert Noyce - "unitary circuit".

1962 - software - Douglas Engelbart - Augmentation Research Center at
Stanford Research Institute.
1962 - Tim Hart and Mike Levin - first complete Lisp compiler.
1963 - hardware - Douglas Engelbart - invents the computer mouse.
Bill English of Xerox Parc - develops the mouse ball.
1965 - internet - Ted Nelson - first article about his invention, hypertext.
1965 - hardware - Gordon Moore - makes his famous "law" which is not a
law at all.
1966 - internet - Larry Roberts - heads the Defense Advanced Research
Project Agency's project to create the first ever packet switched network.
1968 - software - Doug Engelbart - This demonstration is now known as The
Mother Of All Demos.
1968 - hardware - Intel formed by Robert Noyce, Gordon Moore, & Andy
Grove.
1969 - software - Unix created at AT&T's Bell Telephone Labs by Ken
Thompson & Dennis Ritchie.
1969 - ARPANET -April 7 - The first RFC, "Host Software".
1969 - ARPANET - September - UCLA becomes the first node.
1969 - ARPANET - November - Stanford Research Institute,second node on
the ARPANET.

The 70’s:

1970 - Xerox establishes PARC, the Palo Alto Research Center, modern
personal Computer.
1972 - Alan Kay - Joins PARC where he will develop Small talk for the
Dynabook project.
1972 - C programming language, Dennis Ritchie and Ken
Thompson.
Brian Kernighan - Father of C and Unix, 1973 - Unix rewritten in C.
1973 - Gary Kildall - Writes the CP/M operating system.
1973 - Chuck Thacker - Creates the Alto.
1973 - Vint Cerf, Robert Kahn - Design the TCP protocol.
1974 May - Vint Cerf and Robert Kahn - publish "A Protocol for Packet
Network Intercommunication" .
1974 December - Vint Cerf, Yogen Dalal and Carl Sunshine publish RFC
674, Transmission Control Protocol (TCP).
1975 - Ed Roberts - creates the MITS Altair 8800 Kit (microcomputer),
January, 1975- issue of Popular Electronics.
1975 - William Henry Gates III, Paul Allen - found Microsoft in order to
market a version of the BASIC language.
1975 September - the 6502 microprocessor, heart of Apple and Commodore
computers.
1977 January 3 - Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak - incorporated Apple
Computer .
1977 April 16-17 - Commodore Pet, Apple II, and TRS-80.
1977 November 22 - First three network demonstration of the Internet
(Packet Radio, Packet Satellite and ARPANET).
1978 February 16 - The first BBS, CBBS went online.
1978 November - Third West Coast Computer Fair, COMDEX.
1978 - Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie - The C Programming
Language ("K&R").
1979 Steve Jobs - the first ever graphical interface and object-oriented
programming.
1979 - Ted Nelson - convenes The Xanadu Group to work on a storage
system.
1979 May - Seattle Computer Products (SCP) a Seattle,Tim Patterson had a
working prototype for Intel's 8086 by May 1979, Intel's just-released 8086 in
late summer 1978. Tim Patterson -hired in June,1978 by SCP's owner Rod
Brock.
1979 November - Seattle Computer Products (SCP) begins shipping its first
S - 100 bus 8086 CPU boards to customers.

The 80’s:

1980 - Usenet is created as a "poor man's ARPANET".

1980 - Bjarne Stroustrup from Bell Labs designer and implemented the C++
(originally named "C with Classes").
1980 June - Commodore debutes the VIC-20 (VIC 1001 in Japan, VC-20 in
Germany) at the Consumer Electronics Show.
1980 April - Seattle Computer Products (SCP) start development of QDOS
(Quick and Dirty Operating System).
1980 September - Seattle Computer Products (SCP) began shipping QDOS
(Quick and Dirty Operating System).
1980 December - Microsoft buys QDOS after selling it to IBM for a massive
profit.
1981 August - The IBM PC is introduced.
1981 November - Commodore's MOS Technology finishes the VIC-II video
processor chip.
1982 - "Man of the Year."
1982 January - Commodore 64 debuted at Consumer Electronics
Show.
1983 January - All DARPA networks switch to TCP/IP protocols.
1983 - Ted Nelson - starts the Xanadu Operating Company, Inc.
1983 May - Xerox PARC releases Smalltalk-80.
1983 September - Richard Stallman - declaring that it will be a Unix clone
available freely.
1984 January - The Macintosh is introduced with the GUI of the Alto from
Xerox PARC.
1984 January - Richard Stallman - founds the Free Software Foundation to
work on GNU full-time.
1985 - The Commodore Amiga is Introduced. The first commercially.
1985 - Microsoft Windows 1.0 is finally released after 2 years delay.
1985 - Microsoft signs a Joint Development Agreement.
1986 - David Ungar designs Self, a more powerful successor to Smalltalk.
1987 - The first hypertext conference is held, 29 papers.
1987 August - Bill Atkinson - releases HyperCard.
1988 - Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie - second edition of The C
Programming Language.
1988 - OS/2 is released.
1988 - The Giant Magneto-Resistive effect is discovered, (storage,
computation, networking).
1989 - Tim Berners-Lee - HTML.
The 90’s:

1990 - Microsoft launches Windows 3.0, the first version to achieve

widespread use.
1990 - Self is publicly released.
1991 - The Self team moves to Sun Microsystems where they develop
Just-In-Time compilation HotSpot technology.
1991 - Sun begins work on Java as an inferior version of Smalltalk.
1991 - Linus Torvalds releases the first version of Linux.
1993 March - Intel's Pentium is Introduced, 32 bit.
1994 - Commodore Business Machines files bankruptcy.
1994 December - Intel recalls Pentium processors due to a bug in the
Floating Point Unit.
1995 March - Ward Cunningham's [Wiki Wiki Web goes online.
1995 May - Java and HotJava at SunWorld. "Duke" is the first applet.
1997 December - Alan Kay - gives a lecture entitled The Computer
Revolution Hasn't Happened Yet.
1998 - Eric S. Raymond - splits a community out of free software supporters
in favor of his new term, open source.
1999 - Shawn Fanning - creates Napster.

The 00’s:

2001 October - Apple releases the iPod.

2003 - SCO sues IBM claiming Linux violates UNIX copyright,
2004 April - Advanced Micro Devices introduces the Opteron, a 64 bit
processor for servers and powerful workstations
2005 - Dual core processors permit Moore's Law to continue by reducing
microprocessor heating.
2007 June - Apple releases the iPhone.

COMPUTER STRUCTURE:
Input – a piece of instrument or hardware that allows users to provide data.
Output – sent from a computer or electronic device.
Memory unit - used to store data, instructions and information.
Arithmetic and Logical Unit - the part of a central processing unit that
carries out arithmetic and logic operations.
Control Unit - a computer's processor that directs operations.
CPU - Central Processing Unit, the brain of a computer.