SHS

General Mathematics
Quarter 1-Week 8 Module 24:
Solving Logarithmic Equations and
Inequalities
General Mathematics
Quarter 1- Week 8 Module 24, MELC3: Solving Logarithmic Equations and
Inequalities

First Edition, 2020

COPYRIGHT 2020

La Union Schools Division

Region I

All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form
without written permission from the copyright owners.

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Nancy F. Garcia

Editor: SDO La Union, Learning Resource Quality Assurance Team

Layout Artist: Ernesto F. Ramos Jr., P II

Management Team:

ATTY. Donato D. Balderas, Jr.

Schools Division Superintendent

Vivian Luz S. Pagatpatan, Ph.D.

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

German E. Flora, Ph.D., CID Chief

Virgilio C. Boado, Ph.D., EPS in Charge of LRMS

Erlinda M. Dela Peña, Ed.D., EPS in Charge of Mathematics

Michael Jason D. Morales, PDO II

Claire P. Toluyen, Librarian II

 General
Mathematics
Quarter 1- Week 8 Module 24:
Solving Logarithmic Equations and
Inequalities

Prepared by:

Nancy F. Garcia
 This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Target This provides you the skills or

competencies you are expected to
learn in the learning material.
Jumpstart This introduces the lesson
through varied activities like an
activity, games, graphic
organizer, problem opener, song,
or a situation.
Discover This gives a brief discussion of
the lesson. It intends to help you
discover and understand new
concepts and skills.
Explore This includes activities for
independent practice to intensify
your understanding of the topic
and to harness your skills.
Deepen This provides activities which will
encourage you to apply your new
knowledge or skills into real life
situations.

Gauge This is a task which aims to

evaluate your level of mastery in
achieving the desired learning
competency.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of resources used in

developing this module

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Jumpstart before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain a deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 Target

A logarithmic equation is an equation that involves the logarithm of an

expression containing a variable. To solve exponential equations, first see whether
you can write both sides of the equation as powers of the same number. While
logarithmic inequalities are inequalities in which on (or both) sides involve a
logarithm. Like exponential inequalities, they are useful in analyzing situations
involving repeated multiplication, such as in the cases of interest and exponential
decay.

This learning material will provide you with information and activities that
will help you understand Logarithmic equations and inequalities.

After going through this learning material, you are expected to:

1. Solve logarithmic equations and inequalities (M11GM-Ih-i-1).

Before going on, check how much you know about this topic.
Answer the pre-test on the next page in a separate sheet of
paper.

1
Module
Logarithmic Equations
8

Your lumber company has 1,200,000 trees. You plan to harvest 7% of the
trees each year. How many years will it take to harvest half of the trees?

Solution:

Use the Formula : A = a th

Where: A = = 600,000

a = initial (1,200,000)

r = rate (7%) t = time

t
A=a tr
t
600,000 = 1,200,000 t . 7

6 t . 7 t
=

0.5 = .93 t

By Applying Logarithm:
t
log 0.5 = log .93

log .
t= = 9.551337509
log .93

Therefore: After 9 years and 6 months you will have harvested half of the
trees.

2
Pre–Test

Directions: Read carefully each item. Use a separate sheet for your answers.
Write only the letter of the best answer for each test item.

1. What values of x satisfy the inequality log8(2x) > log8 (6x – 8)?

A. {x│1 > x > 3} C. {x│3 > x > 3}

B. {x│2 > x > 3} D. {x│4 > x > 3}

2. Solve the value of x given the equation log (2x – 1) = -3.

3 7 9
A. B. C. D.

3. Use the Change-of-Base formula and calculator to evaluate the given logarithm
log 35.

A. 1.431 B. 1.623 C. 1.702 D. 1.815

4. Evaluate the given logarithmic equation ln (6x – 5) = 3.

A. 2.326 B. 3.518 C. 4.181 D. 5.196

5. Solve the value of x given the equation log (x + 5) - log (2x - 1) = 5.

3 37 38 39
A. 6
B. 63
C. 6
D. 67

6. Find the value of x given the equation logx(32) = .

A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
3
7. Solve the value of x given the equation logx(27) = .

A. 4 B. 6 C. 9 D. 11

8. Solve the logarithmic inequalities given: log (3x – 1) < 1.

A. x 3
B. x 3
C. x 3
D. x 3

9. Find the value of x given the equation log(6x) – log (4 – x) = log (3)
7
A. 3
B. 3
C. 3
D. 3

6
10. Evaluate the logarithmic inequalities given: log x
> log(x + 5).

A. x (0 , 1) B. x (1 , 1) C. x (2 , 1) D. x (3 , 1)

3
 Jumpstart

For you to understand the lesson well, do the following activities.

Have fun and good luck!

Activity 1: Read Me! Understand Me!

Directions: Read and understand the difference of logarithmic equation,

logarithmic inequality and logarithmic function.

 In logarithmic equation, there is always an (=) equal sign.

 In logarithmic inequality consider these signs: (>, <, ≥, ≤). These are also
known as greater than, less than, greater than or equal to, and less than or
equal to signs.
 In logarithmic function consider the following involve in the given: f(x), g(x),
or y and any letter with (x). A variable that needs to be finding before a
solution.

Directions: Determine whether the given is a logarithmic function, a

logarithmic equation, a logarithmic inequality or neither.

1. G(x) = log5x

2. y = 2log x

3. log (4x) = -log (3x + 5)

4. x log (x) – 1 > 0

5. log x (x – 3) = log

6. log (3x + 5) ≤ log (2x - 3)

7. f(x) = log6 (3x)

8. log6 x + log6 (x + 1) = 1log6 x(x + 1)

9. log (2x + 3) > log (3x)

10. log (7x + 1) = 3

4
 Discover

Before you are going to solve logarithmic equation and logarithmic inequality,
you need to know first the different properties that you will use in finding the
solution of logarithmic equation and inequality.

Properties of Logarithms
We have already been exposed to certain properties of logarithms that follow
directly from the definition. Recall that

y = logb x is equivalent to = x for x > 0, b > 0 and b ≠ 1.

The following properties follow directly from the definition

Property 1: 1=0

Example 1: a. log (1) = 0 b. log7 (1) = 0 c. log8 (1) = 0

Property 2: b=1

Example 2: a. log (5) = 1 b. log7 (7) = 1 c. log8 (8) = 1

Property 3: Product Property for Logarithms

Let b, M, and N be positive real numbers where b ≠ 1. Then

MN = M+ N

This says that the logarithm of a product of two numbers is the sum of the
logarithms of the numbers.

Example 3: Use the product property of logarithms to expand the following:

a. log (4 8) b. log3 (9x)

SOLUTION:

a. log (4 8) = log (4) + log (8)

= log ( ) + log ( 3 )

=2+3=5

5
b. log3 (9x) = log3 9 + log3 x

= log3 3 + log3 x

= 2 + log3 x

Property 4: Quotient Property for Logarithms

Let b, M and N be positive real numbers where b ≠ 1. Then

= M- N.

That is, the logarithm of a quotient is the differences of the logarithm of the
numerator and the logarithm of the denominator.

Example 4: Expand the following expression using the quotient rule for logarithms.

t 6t t
a. log 3t 9
b. log8 3

SOLUTION:

t 6t t t 3
a. log 3t 9
= log 3 t 3

t
= log 3

= log (2x) – log (3)

= log (2) + log(x) – log (3)

t x
b. log8 = log8
3
y3

= log8 x - log8 y3

= log8 (x) - 3log8 (y)

6
Property 5: Power Property of Logarithms

Let b and M be positive real numbers where b ≠ 1. Let p be any real number. Then,
l =p M.

That is, the logarithm of a power of a number is the exponent times the
logarithm of the number.

Example 5: Expand the following using the power rule for logarithms.

a. log x b. log3 (25)

SOLUTION:

a. log x = 5log (x)

b. log3 (25) = log3

= 2 log3 (5)

Property 6: Let b and M be positive real numbers with b ≠ 1.

=- M.

That is, the logarithm of the reciprocal of a number is the negative of the
logarithm of the number.

Example 6:

a. log = - log .

Change – of – Base Formula

If a ≠ 1, b ≠ 1 and M are positive real numbers, then
⿥
M= and M= ⿥

7
Example 7: Use the change-of-base formula to find an approximation to four
decimal places for each of the logarithm expressions.

a. log 17 b. log 0.1

SOLUTION:

a. We use natural logarithms.

ln 7 .833 33
log 17 = ≈ ≈ 1.760374428
ln .6 9 379

b. Here, we use common logarithms.

log . t
log 0.1 = ≈ ≈ -3.321928095
log .3 999

Logarithmic Equation
When asked to solve a logarithmic equation such as log (5x + 7) = 5 or
log3 (7x + 3) = log3 (5x + 9), the first thing we need to decide is how to solve the
problem. Some logarithmic problems are solved by simply dropping the logarithms
while others are solved by rewriting the logarithmic problem in exponential form.

How do we decide what is the correct way to solve a logarithmic problem?

The key is to look at the problem and decide if the problem contains only
logarithms or if the problem has terms without logarithms.

If we consider the problem log (5x + 7) = 5, this problem contains a term, 5,

that does not have a logarithm. So, the correct way to solve these types of
logarithmic problems is to rewrite the logarithmic problem in exponential form.
While the example log3 (7x + 3) = log3 (5x + 9), this problem contains only logarithms,
therefore the correct way to solve these types of logarithmic problems is to simply
drop the logarithms.

8
Solving Logarithmic Equations Containing Only Logarithms

One – To – One Property of Logarithms

If logb M = logb N, then M = N

This statement says that if an equation contains only two logarithms, on

opposite sides of the equal sign, with the same base then the problem can be solved
by simply dropping the logarithms.

Example 8: Solve (7x + 3) = (5x + 9)

SOLUTION:

log3 (7x + 3) = log3 (5x + 9) Since the problem has only two logarithms
on opposite sides of the equal sign, the
problem can be solved by dropping the
logarithms.

(7x + 3) = (5x + 9) Drop the logarithms.

7x – 5x +3 – 9 = 0 Simplify the equation then equate to zero.

2x – 6 = 0 Then divide both sides by 2.

2x = 6

x=3 Check the answer; this is an acceptable

answer because we get a positive number
when it is plugged back in.

Checking:

We can check our answer by simply substitute the value of x to the given equation.

log3 (7x + 3) = log3 (5x + 9) ; where x = 3

log3 (7(3) + 3) = log3 (5(3) + 9)

log3 (24) = log3 (24)

Therefore, the solution to the problem log3 (7x + 3) = log3 (5x + 9) is x = 3.

9
Example 9: Solve ((x + 2) (x - 3)) = (14)

SOLUTION:

log7((x + 2) (x - 3)) = log7 (14) This problem can be simplified by

using Property 3 which changes the
addition of logarithms to
multiplication.

(x + 2) (x - 3) = 14 Drop the logarithms.

x - 3x + 2x – 6 = 14 Simplify the problem by distributing

x - x – 6 – 14 = 0 or FOIL Method then combine like

x - x – 20 = 0 terms.

(x + 4) (x – 5) = 0 By factoring and find the value of x.

x = -4 and x = 5 Check the answers, only one answer is acceptable

because the other answer produces a negative number
when it is plugged back in.

Therefore, the solution to the problem log7 ((x + 2) (x - 3)) = log7 (14) is x =5.

Example 10: Solve (5x + 7) = 5

SOLUTION:

log (5x + 7) = 5 This problem does not need to be simplified

because there is only one logarithm in the
problem.

5x + 7 = Rewrite the problem in exponential form by

moving the base of the logarithm to the other side.

5x + 7 = 32 Simplify the problem by raising 2 to the fifth

power.

5x = 32 – 7 Transpose 7 to the other side then divide both

5x = 25 sides by 5.

x=5 Check the answer, this is an acceptable answer

because we get a positive number when it is
plugged back in.

Therefore, the solution to the problem log (5x + 7) = 5 is x = 5.

10
Solving Logarithmic Equations Containing Terms without Logarithms

After observing that the logarithmic equation contains terms without

logarithms. The next step is to simplify the problem using the properties of
logarithms and then to rewrite the logarithmic problem in exponential form. After
rewriting the problem in exponential form we will be able to solve the resulting
problem.

Example 11: Solve (9x + 2) = 4

SOLUTION:

log3 (9x + 2) = 4 This problem contains terms without logarithms.

log3 (9x + 2) = 4 This problem does not need to be simplified

because there is only one logarithm in the
problem.

9x + 2 = 3 Rewrite the problem in exponential form by

moving the base of the logarithm to the other side.

9x + 2 = 81 Simplify the problem by raising 3 to the fourth

power.

9x = 81 – 2 Transpose then subtract.

9x = 79 Divide both sides by 9.

79
X= This is an acceptable answer because we get a
9
positive number when it is plugged back in.

Therefore, the solution to the problem log3 (9x + 2) = 4 is x = .

Example 12: Solve x+ (x – 12) = 3

SOLUTION:

log x + log (x – 12) = 3 This problem contains terms without logarithms.

log (x (x – 12)) = 3 This problem can be simplified by using Property 3

which changes the addition of logarithms to multiplication.
3
x (x – 12) = Rewrite the problem in exponential from by moving
the base of the logarithm to the other side.

x – 12x = 64 Simplify the problem by distributing and cubing

the 4.

x – 12x – 64 = 0 Transpose then equate to zero. And by factoring,

find the value of x.

11
 (x + 4) (x – 16) = 0

x = -4 and x = 16

x = 16 Check the answers, only one answer is acceptable

because the other answer produces a negative
number when it is plugged back in.

Therefore, the solution to the problem log x + log (x – 12) = 3 is x = 16.

Example 13: Solve (2x + 1) = (x + 2) - (3)

SOLUTION:

log (2x + 1) = log (x + 2) - log (3) This problem contains only logarithms.

x
log (2x + 1) = log This problem can be simplified using
3
Property 4 which changes the subtraction
of logarithms to division.
x
2x + 1 = Drop the logarithms.
3

3(2x + 1) = x + 2 Simplify the problem by cross-multiplying

to get rid of the fractions.

6x + 3 = x + 2 Solve the problem by distributing

6x – x = 2 – 3 the 3, then simplify and divide both

5x = -1 both sides by 5.

x=- Check the answer, this problem has “No

Solution” because the only answer
produces a negative number and we can’t
take the logarithm of a negative number.

Therefore, the problem log (2x + 1) = log (x + 2) - log (3) has no solution.

Example 14: Solve ln(x -5) + ln(10 – x) = ln(x – 6) + ln(x – 1)

SOLUTION:

ln(x -5) + ln(10 – x) = ln(x – 6) + ln(x – 1)

ln(x -5) (10 – x) = ln(x -6) (x -1) Simplify both sides of the original equation
by combining the logarithmic terms.

(x – 5) (10 – x) = (x -6) (x – 1) Expand each side.

10x – x2 – 50 + 5x = x2 – x – 6x + 6

12
-x2 + 15x – 50 = x2 – 7x + 6

x2 + x2 – 7x – 15x + 6 + 50 = 0 Combined similar terms and equate to zero.

2 x2 – 22x + 56 = 0 Divide the equation by 2.

x2 – 11x + 28 = 0

t t ਱a
Solve by x by Quadratic Formula:
t

Where: a = 1, b = -11, c = 28

t t t t ሻ
x=

t
x=

9 3
x= =

x = 7 and 4

We can check our answers by simply substitute the value of x to the given
equation.

Checking:

When x = 7 ln(x -5) + ln(10 – x) = ln(x – 6) + ln(x – 1)

ln(7-5) + ln(10 – 7) = ln(7 – 6) + ln(7 – 1)

ln(2) + ln(3) = ln(1) + ln(6)

ln(6) = ln(6) OKAY

When x = 4 ln(x -5) + ln(10 – x) = ln(x – 6) + ln(x – 1)

ln(4 -5) + ln(10 – 4) = ln(4 – 6) + ln(4 – 1)

ln(-1) + ln(6) = ln(-2) + ln(3) NOT OKAY

Therefore, the only solution is x = 7.

13
Logarithmic Inequalities
The key to working with logarithmic inequalities is the following fact:

If a > 1 and x > y, then loga x > loga y. Otherwise, if 0 < a < 1, then loga x < loga y.

Of course, the base of a logarithm cannot be 1 or nonpositive. More importantly,

the converse is true as well:

If a > 1 and loga x > loga y, then x > y. Otherwise, if 0 < a < 1, then x < y.

In more formal terms, the logarithmic function f(x) = loga x is monotonically

increasing (increasing x always increases f(x) for a > 1), and monotonically
decreasing (increasing x always decreases f(x) for 0 < a < 1).

It is also important to keep in mind the following fact:

The argument of a logarithm must be positive!

Thus, it is also necessary to take into account any inequalities resulting from the
arguments being positive; for example, an inequality involving the term log (2x – 3)
3
immediately requires x > .

Logarithmic Inequalities - Same Base

When both sides of an inequality have the same base, the key facts from the
introduction can be applied directly.

Example 1: What values of x satisfy the inequality log (2x + 3) > log (3x)?

SOLUTION:

log (2x + 3) > log (3x) , x Determine the defined range

2x + 3 > 3x Rewrite the inequality

2x – 3x > -3 Collect like terms

-x > -3 Change the sign

x < 3, x

Therefore, the answer is x 3 or the final solution set is 0 < x < 3.

14
Example 2:

What values of x satisfy the inequality log3 (4x + 1) > log3 (2x + 3)?

SOLUTION:

log3 (4x + 1) > log3 (2x + 3) , x t Determine the defined range

4x + 1 > 2x + 3 Rewrite the inequality

4x – 2x > 3 – 1 Collect like terms

2x > 2 Divide both sides by 2

x>1,x t

Therefore, the solution set is x > 1.

Example 3: What values of x satisfy the inequality log8 (2x) > log8 (6x – 8)?

SOLUTION:

log8 (2x) > log8 (6x – 8) , x 3

Determine the defined range

2x > 6x – 8 Rewrite the inequality

2x – 6x > -8 Collect like terms

-4x > -8 Divide both sides by -4

x<2< 3

x 3

Exclude all values of x for which 2x ≤ 0 or 6x – 8 ≤ 0.

So, x > 0, x > and x < 2.

3

Thus, the solution set is {x │2 > x > 3

}.

15
Logarithmic Inequalities - Base less than 1
In the case where the base is less than 1, the previous intuition is essentially
reversed: the larger side is now the one with the smaller exponent.

Example 4: What values of x satisfy the inequality log (3x) > log (2x + 3)?

SOLUTION:

Since the base is , which is less than 1, the given inequality implies 3x < 2x + 3.
Additionally, the argument of each logarithm must be positive, so 3x > 0 and 2x
+ 3 > 0. Therefore, the solution set is 0 < x < 3.

Logarithmic Inequalities - Similar Base

In many inequalities, the bases are different but can be rewritten in terms of the
same base.

Example 5: What values of x satisfy the inequality log (x + 1) > log (x )?

SOLUTION:

The base are different, but they are related by the fact that 4 = .

Rewriting the inequality to use 4 as a base gives

log (x + 1)2) > log x

So (x + 1)2 > x , implying that 2x + 1 > 0 ⟹ x >- .

Additionally, the arguments of each logarithm must be positive, which excludes the
case x = 0.

Therefore, the final solution set is x > - , x ≠ 0.

16
Logarithmic Inequalities - Different Base
When the bases are different and not related by a common base, the use of
the change of base formula becomes necessary.

Example 6: What values of x satisfy the inequality log7 (x + 5) > log (x + 5)?

SOLUTION:

log7 (x + 5) > log (x + 5)

By change of base, the inequality gives

log t log t
log 7
> log

This is true exactly when log (x + 5) is negative,

log(x + 5) < 0 ⟹ x + 5 < 1 ⟹ x < -4,

Since x + 5 must be positive, x > -5

Therefore the final solution set is -5 < x < -4.

Logarithmic Inequalities - Multiple Terms

In the case of multiple terms, it is generally worth assigning another variable to a
logarithmic term, solving the resulting inequality, and then working with the single-
term inequality.

Example 7: What values of x satisfy the inequality log (x) + (log (x))2 > 6?

SOLUTION: Let y = log (x)

y+y >6

y + y – 6 = (y – 2) (y + 3) > 0

(y – 2) (y + 3) = 0

y = 2, y = -3

Which is true when y > 2 or y < -3

Thus, either log (x) > 2 ⟹log (x) > log (4) ⟹ x > 4 OR

log (x) < -3 ⟹log (x) < log ( ) ⟹ x < 8.

8

Therefore, the solution set is 0 < x < 8

and x > 4, since the argument of a logarithm
must be positive.

17
 Explore

Here are some enrichment activities for you to work on to master and
strengthen the basic concepts you have learned from this lesson.

Enrichment Activity 1: Complete Me!

Directions: Answer the following logarithmic equations and complete the

table. Use a separate sheet for your solution. You can use your calculator.

Logarithmic Equations Answer

1. log 4 + log 25
2. log 10 – log 5
3. 3log(5)
4. log (5)
5. log (1)
6. log 2 + log 12
7. log 20 – log 5
8. 4log(2)
9. log (2)
10. log 4 + log 5

Enrichment Activity 2: Expand Me!

Directions: Expand the following expressions. Use a separate sheet for

your solution.

t x3 y
1. log 8 6. log z

2. log x 7. log x y

x y
3. log xyz 8. ln 7

4. log (xy 3 9. log t

x
5. log y
10. log 7x3 y

18
Enrichment Activity 3: Find My X!

Directions: Solve for the value of x. Use a separate sheet for your solutions.
Always check your answer.

1. log (5x – 11) = 2

2. ln (4x – 1) = 3

3. log (x + 1) - log (x - 4) = 3

4. log6 (x + 4) + log6 (x - 2) = log6 (4x)

5. log (4x – 9) = 3

6. log9 (3x + 5) = log9 (7x – 12)

7. ln(3x + 11) = 4

8. log6 (x) + log6 (x + 5) = 2

9. log7 (2x – 3) - log7 (x + 2) = 1

10. ln(2x – 1) + ln(x + 3) = ln(x t 3x

Great job! You have understood the lesson.

Are you now ready to summarize?

19
 Deepen

At this time, solve the given worded problems. Use a separate sheet for your
solutions.

1. Amanda has Php40 to spend on flowers. She wants to buy a pair of red
rose flowers for Php18 and spend the rest on lily flowers. Each lily flower
costs Php11. Write an inequality for the number of lily flowers she can
purchase.

2. Elizabeth went on a trip with her office staff. The trip was $80. Included
in that price is $20 for a plane ticket and the cost of 2 luggage bags. Each of
the luggage bag cost the same price. Write an equation representing the cost
of the trip and determine the price of one luggage bag.

3. Anthony had Php30 to spend on office supplies. After buying 5 paper

weights, he had Php15.50 left. How much did each paper weight cost,
including tax?

20
Ga

Gauge
Directions: Read carefully each item. Use a separate sheet for your answers.
Write only the letter of the best answer for each test item.
1. By applying the rules of logarithms, write the equation 4log x - log y as a single
logarithm equation.
x
A. y log (4x) C. log y
y
B. log (x y) D. log x
2. Rewrite the equation 2logM + logN – logP using the laws of logarithms.
M N
A. log (M NP) C. log ( P
)
PN
B. log (M NP) D. log (M )
3
3. Expand the equation log3 abc by applying the properties of logarithm.
A.log3 a + log3 b + log3 c C. log3 a + log3 bc
a b c
B.log3 a + log3 b - log3 c D. log3 3+ log3 3+ log3 3
4. Using properties of logarithm, we can simplify the equation ln(et ) to which one of
the following?
A. 0 B. 2 C. 4 D. 6
5. One of the following is equivalent to eln 3 . Which one is it?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
6. Evaluate the given logarithmic equation log 20 – log 5.
A. 0.10 B. 0.25 C. 0.45 D. 0.60
7. Evaluate the given logarithmic equation log3 5 + log3 2.
A. 1.10 B. 2.10 C. 3.10 D. 4.10
8. Rewrite the equation log3 S + log3 R using the laws of logarithms.
A. log3 (S+R) B. log3 (S-R) C. log3 (SR) D. log3
9. Solve the value of x given the equation log (4x + 11) = 2.
3 7
A. B. C. D.
10. Solve the value of x given the equation log (x + 5) - log (2x - 1) = 5.
3 37 38 39
A. 6
B. 63
C. 6
D. 67
11. Evaluate the given logarithmic equation ln(6x – 5) = 3.
A. 2.326 B. 3.518 C. 4.181 D. 5.196
12. Find the value of x given the equation log(3x -1) = log(4 – x).
3
A. 3
B. 3
C. D.
13. Solve the value of x given the equation log (2x – 1) = -3.
3 7 9
A. B. C. D.
14. What values of x satisfy the inequality log8 x ≤ 2?
A. {x│0 < x ≤ 6
} C. {x│2 > x ≥ 6
}
B. {x│2 < x ≤ 6
} D. {x│3 < x ≤ 6
}

21
15. What values of x satisfy the inequality log8 (2x) > log8 (6x – 8)?
A. {x│1 > x > 3} C. {x│3 > x > 3}
B. {x│2 > x > 3} D. {x│4 > x > 3}
16. Solve the value of x given the equation log (x – 2) – log (2x – 3) = log2.
A. 3
B. 3
C. 3
D. 3
17. Use the Change-of-Base formula and calculator to evaluate the given logarithm
log 35.
A. 1.431 B. 1.623 C. 1.702 D. 1.815
18. Use the Change-of-Base formula and calculator to evaluate the given logarithm
log 53.
3
A. -3.148 B. -4.245 C. -7.135 D. -9.792
19. Use the Change-of-Base formula and calculator to evaluate the given logarithm
log3 5.
A. 1.325 B. 1.465 C. 1.672 D. 1.732
20. Use the Change-of-Base formula and calculator to evaluate the given logarithm
log 3 14.
A. 2.305 B. 3.218 C. 4.804 D. 5.603

22
References
Printed Materials:

Renard Eric L. Chua, Zheng Rong S. Wu, Arvie D. Ubarro, Manuel T. Kotah and
Simon L. Chua, D.T. (2016). Soaring 21st Century Mathematics General Mathematics
Senior High School K to 12 (pp25 – 43). 927 Quezon Ave., Quezon City. Phoenix
Publishing House, Inc.

Website:

Exponential and Logarithmic Equations-CliffsNotes

https://www.cliffsnotes.com>algebra

Logarithmic Inequalities|Brilliant Math & Science Wiki

https://brilliant.org>wiki>logarithmic-inequalities

logarithm|Rules, Examples, &Formulas|Britannica

https://www.britannica.com>science

Algebra-Solving Logarithmic Equations

https://tutorial.math.lamar.edu>classes>alg>solvelogeqns.aspx

Solving Logarithmic Equations-SOS Math

www.sosmath.com>logs>log4>log47

Solving Logarithmic Equations

www.mesacc.edu>solving>solving_log_eqns_intro

Solving Logarithmic Equations

https://www.colonialsd.org

23
24