Test 2 12/11/2021

1.1.Study the diagram below and answer the following questions

(i) At pressures above 1000 pascals and temperatures below 200 K solid phase is the
most stable phase. Comment on the Gibbs energy of this phase compared to the
other two phases. (2)
Solid- Gs<(Gl,Gg)
(ii) Plot a chemical potential versus temperature when pressure is kept constant at the
solid bold line as indicated in the diagram above. In your plot, indicate which
phase is stable at low temperatures, moderate temperatures and high temperatures.
Comment on the slope and what the slope means and draw general conclusion
from your plot. (10)

-Ss molar entropy slope goes down slowly with T

-Sl slope goes down quicker with T
-Sg slope goes down much faster due to its large entropy.
 (iii) In a case where pressure drops below triple point, explain what will happen to the
phase transformation of solid water. (3)
Solid water will sublime to gas or vapour phase
1.2.Methane, CH4 has critical point at -82֯ C and 46 atm, can methane be liquefied at 25 ֯ C?
(3)
No, if pressure is kept constant at below 46 atm then methane will be vaporized
If pressure is at kept at 46 atm then methane will converted to a supercritical fluid
instead
1.3. Consider the phase diagram for certain material given below

(i) Explain why this cannot be phase diagram for H2O (5)
Here you need mention all physical properties you see on the graph versus the ones you know
to describe water. E.g. Solid H2O is less dense than liquid H2O; solid-liquid equilibrium
line has a negative slope. Compare this info with what is given on the graph and give a
concluding remark why this graph cannot represent water phase diagram. (1 point)
Triple point of H2O is at 0.00603 atm and 273.16 K, not at 5.19 atm and 216 K as shown
on the diagram (2 points because you have mentioned pressure and temperature)
Continue mentioning the reasons, every physical property equals a mark
(ii) Explain why liquid CO2 cannot exist at 1 atm pressure. (2)

The triple point for CO2 is at 216.8 K and 5.11 atm, which means that liquid
CO2 cannot exist at pressures lower than 5.11 atm.