Ask Echometer Online Session – July 15, 2020

Dynamometer Workshop
Hands on Workbook
Carrie‐Anne Taylor carrieanne@echometer.com
Lynn Rowlan lynn@echometer.com
Tony Podio tony@echometer.com
Gustavo Fernandez gustavo@echometer.com
Website: www.echometer.com
1Q‐Where would you expect the LL to be?
1A – Liquid Level just above the pump.
• PIP and PBHP are low.
• Minimal gas interference.
2Q – Is the Well Pumped Off?
• Pump card characteristics suggest fluid
pound/pumped off.
2A‐ Blocked Intake
• Liquid level should be at pump intake
with a low PIP.
• A high fluid level and high PIP with this
pump card indicates a possible
restriction at the pump intake.
• The software picked the fluid level at
7.55s, FL = 4042.75ft 2 ‐ Review Fluid
• According to the Well File, there is a
Liner at 4045ft. Level
• What if the actual fluid level is at
11.96s, FL = 6400.55ft??
2A – Well is Pumped Off; Pounding Fluid
With the new fluid level analysis:
• The fluid level is at the pump.
• The Pump Intake Pressure is lowered.
• The fluid level complements the dynamometer card.
3Q‐Where would you expect the LL to be?
 3A – High Gaseous Liquid Column
• Gas interference.
• High PIP and PBHP
4Q – Leaky Valve, Pump Slippage
or Unanchored Tubing?
How can we verify?

• Check the Well File. Should the

tubing be anchored?
• Perform a Traveling Valve check. Is
any leakage detected?
• Check the current Production. Do
the production numbers correlate
with the pump displacement?
4 – Leaky Valve, Pump Slippage or
Unanchored Tubing?
4A – Unanchored Tubing

• This well has unanchored tubing.

• No valve leakage is shown from
traveling valve analysis.
• Pump displacement verified with
current production rates.
5Q – Leaky Valve, Pump Slippage
or Unanchored Tubing?
How can we verify?

• Check the Well File. Should the

tubing be anchored?
• Perform a Traveling Valve check. Is
any leakage detected?
• Check the current Production. Do
the production numbers correlate
with the pump displacement?
5A – Pump Slippage

Kt Annotation Guideline:
Pump Card Annota ons →
√ Unanchored Tubing Stretch
on Pump Card
• To the left of Kt line = Pump
slippage
• To the right of Kt line =
Leaky TV
 6Q – Why is production not getting to
the tank?
Pump Displacement = 94 BBL/D
Information:
PIP = 2047 psi
• Pump Displacement = 94
BBL/D
• No production into tank.
• Pump card is full of fluid.
• Only a small fluid load is being
applied to the rods.
• The fluid load the pump is
applying to the rods should be
near the Maximum Fluid Load
line.

PIP = 141.5 psi

 6A – Hole in the Tubing

• Split Tubing Joint at 4052 ft

• A good indicator of a hole in the tubing is a full pump with little
fluid load being applied to the rods and a lot less fluid than the
pump displacement getting into the tank.
• The PIP on the Dyno card is high because the pump is lifting
fluid to the hole in the tubing and not to the surface.
 7Q – Why is my fluid load not
reaching the maximum load line?

PIP = 972 psi

Pump Displacement = 881.5 BBL/D Production = 837 Total BBL/D
7A – Flumping – Flowing while Pumping

• Fluid flows up the casing while pumping up

the tubing.
• The pump is doing little work as evidenced
by the fluid load.
• Pump Intake Pressure from the high fluid
level helps lift the fluid to the surface.
• High Pump Intake Pressure reduced the
fluid load required by the rods to lift the
fluid to the surface.

PIP = 972 psi

Pump Displacement = 881.5 BBL/D Production = 837 Total BBL/D
8Q – Make three observations
based on this Pump Card
8A – Make three observations
based on this Pump Card
• Incomplete Pump Fillage – Is it gas interference or
fluid pound? How can we verify?
 If low PIP and FL at the pump, then the well is
pumped off and the pump is pounding fluid.
 If high PIP and FL over the pump, then most
likely gas interference.
 If low PIP and high FL exists over the pump,
then possibly blocked intake.
• The top of the card is at the Maximum Fluid Load
line which would suggest a fluid level just above
the pump.
• Slanted card on the upstroke. Unanchored tubing?
Pump Slippage? Leaky traveling valve? How can we
verify?
 Check Well file for unanchored tubing.
 Valve check to detect any leakage.
 Check tubing anchor tension.
 Production
9Q – What does this Pump Card
indicate?
 9A – Leaky Standing Valve
• Perform a Valve Check to verify Standing Valve
leakage.
• Valve check shows the rods picking up fluid load
during the Standing Valve checks.
• The pressure in the pump barrel is leaking out when
the SV should be closed.
• The system efficiency is a low 10% due to the leaky
Standing Valve. The power is costing about $1.00
per barrel extra in order to produce fluid.

Example of Valves Holding

10Q – Why is the Pump Card showing
negative loads?
 10A – Unaccounted Friction
Indicators of Unaccounted Friction:
• Fluid Level is a little high because you lose downhole stroke
to rod stretch.
• The Fluid Load should be less than the Maximum Fluid Load
line because the PIP does not equal Zero.
• The Surface Card shows a vertical change in load at the top
and bottom of the stroke. Extra friction opposite to the
direction of movement is broken by changing the direction
of motion of the rod string.
• The pump card load on the downstroke is negative by
1000lbs. The pump card should be set on the zero load line.
In this well, the negative loads are an indication of
unaccounted friction.
• The SV check is 1000lbs low and the TV check is 1000lbs too
high. The friction force is resisting the lifting of the rods on
the upstroke by pulling 1000lbs.