CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Introduction

Technology has changed the way people live their lives, including the way they learn. In

recent years, schools and universities have increasingly used online platforms to facilitate learning

and make the school upgrade their way of services to students/parents, teachers and administrator.

One important aspect of this is the use of web-based student portals, which allow the

students/parents, teachers and administrator to use the features being done by the portal which

helps them in their daily routine in school.

The Web-Based Student Portal and Monitoring System is an online platform that aims to

improve the experience of students/parents, teachers and administrator by providing a

comprehensive and user-friendly interface that integrates different services which can help not just

the students/parents, teachers and administrator but also the school. This system is designed to

provide services to the users which can help streamline processes, reduce paperwork, enhance the

productivity of the teachers, and ensure the safety of the students for it also aims to inform the

student's parents of their presence and attendance in school and safe arrival.

The system’s features include a request feature: which allows students to request academic

certificates, grades, good moral certificates, and other relevant academic records. Also, it will

provide an enrollment system wherein the parents/students can enroll in the school through the

portal. Additionally, the system’s login feature enables the parents/students to access their

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accounts, change their passwords, and use their auto-generated Quick Response (QR) codes to

monitor the students as well as automatically signed as present to the attendance system once the

QR code is scanned in the classroom.

The researchers and the clients decided to use QR code as the students’ tool in monitoring

and attendance system because of its advantage over other product identification codes. Some of

the advantages are the QR codes can hold more information unlike barcodes and RFID that can

hold smaller amount of data. QR codes can be smaller, a QR code can be up to 10 times smaller

than a bar code and still readable. Unlike RFID, it needs a card to read the information of the users.

So, you can print smaller labels that carry more information. Also, QR codes are easier to read,

unlike barcodes that must aim the scanner in line with the code, while a QR code can be read from

any angle. When you have many items to scan, you won’t have to perfectly aim the scanner every

time. QR codes work even when damaged, QR codes have a high error correction margin. So even

if around 30% of the code is unreadable (erased, damaged, dirty) the code still works unlike barcode

and RFID that once it damaged, it’s hard to read by the scanner. Finally, the QR code is cheaper

unlike RFID that needs to have every user and cost the card expensive. And for the scanner to be

used, the QR code can be scanned in their mobile phones unlike Barcodes and RFID that need to

have a hardware system to be scanned. (https://rentman.io/blog/qr-vs-barcodes-what-should-you-

use-for-your-av-equipment)

Quick Response (QR) code is a machine-readable optical image that can contain arbitrary

information, often used as label. In practice, QR codes often contain data for a locator, identifier,

or tracker that points to a website or application (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki

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(https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/QR_code)

The system also has an announcement feature that allows the administrators to post

important announcements, such as news and events which can be seen by the teacher and

students/parents. The lost and found system allows students and teachers to view lost and found

items which can also have a private comment and notify the administrator about the owner of the

lost and found items in the school. Teachers can also have a dashboard which can see the attendance

of the students that are present or absent which can also be print out.

The Web-Based Student Portal and Monitoring System aims to provide a user- friendly,

efficient, and integrated platform that can enhance and help teachers, parents, and students in their

everyday doing in school.

The Web-Based Monitoring System (WBMS) and Review Process for Accredited Special

Education Schools is a crucial tool for tracking and assessing special education programs in

Massachusetts. This web-based system offers an in-depth and user-friendly platform for data

collection and performance metrics analysis. One of this system's advantages is its capacity to

simplify the review process, enhancing its effectiveness and efficiency. The WBMS allows school

administrators and staff to concentrate on providing high-quality educational services to students

with disabilities by computerizing many of the tasks involved in the review process. The WBMS

also encourages accountability and transparency in special education programs. The system helps

educators, parents, and policymakers better understand the advantages and disadvantages of

various programs to determine the best way to allocate resources and enhance programs. It does

this by offering in-depth reports and data analytics (Massachusetts DESE, October 4,2019).
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 The article “Scholarly Knowledge Development and Dissemination in an International

Context: Approaches and Tools for Higher Education” by Willis et al. (2010), explains how the

use of web-based communication channels has positively impacted higher education institution in

Europe. Web portals have revolutionized the way teaching and learning occur and increased

collaboration between institutions and individuals, leading to the development of new knowledge

and innovative solutions to global challenges. Additionally, the availability of online courses and

degree programs has made education more accessible to students worldwide. The article also

emphasizes the significance of web-based communication channels in advancing scholarly

knowledge transfer globally. The efficiency and effectiveness of administrative tasks in higher

education institutions have also improved due to online portals, reducing the workload of staff

members, and allowing them to focus on more important tasks.

One efficient tool for academic counseling is the Web-Based Student Profiling and

Academic Performance Monitoring System. This system aids in monitoring students’ academic

performance and offers insightful information about their development. The system also generates

student profiles, which are used to identify issue areas and develop academic plans. This system

provides real-time data on student performance and allows academic advisors to intervene early

to provide the necessary support to students. The system also generates reports that may be used to

track student progress over time, identify trends, and evaluate the effectiveness of academic

interventions. The system enhances teamwork among faculty, academic advisors, and students.

The said system promotes collaboration and assistance to make sure that everyone is working

toward the same objectives by offering a centralized platform for communication (Salac, 2018).

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 The study entitled "A Student Portal for Arellano University Malabon" tackles the web

portal for students where all information and all services that students need can be found in one

place. With this web portal, the university can now solve the problems they encountered. The

contents of this Student Portal are the viewing of announcements and news, about us, and online

viewing of grades. The home page requires a login that provides personal information. This portal

can now easily update the students with the upcoming events and important announcements online.

And most importantly, the school can now provide an efficient way of providing their students'

grades through the web also.

The article entitled "Designing a Web-based Online Attendance Information System

Application" talks about the current pandemic wherein many people are working at home or

studying online and sometimes have difficulty making absences. Therefore, this study aims to

design a web-based online attendance information system application. The method used in this

design was an online questionnaire and interviews to obtain relevant information regarding the

attendance list of people who work at home and learn online. The result of this study is an online

absence web with several features such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) location of the

person who is absent online, the face of the absentee, and other features. The conclusion obtained

in this study is that the existence of web-based online absences can make it easier for people who

work at home and learn online to file absences or write absence request because it is eaaier and can

be done anywhere if they have internet access. The benefit of designing a web-based online

attendance information system application is the accuracy in providing information to offices and

educational institutions. This aims to tackle fraud or falsification of attendance. Online attendance

is much needed and can make it easier for workers and students to do attendance and make it easier

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for admins to monitor attendance.

This article aims to design and implement a Web-Based Information System in Elementary

Schools. The method used in this research is to use the system development method with the

Waterfall model. The type of data in this study is to use qualitative data. Web-Based Information

System in Elementary Schools is designed using the Unified Modeling Language (UML)

development method which consists of Use Case Diagrams, Activity Diagrams, Sequence

Diagrams, and Class Diagrams. Database design using MySQL and system interface. The software

used in the design and implementation of the system uses XAMPP as a web server, PHP, and

MySQL as a database. Web-Based Information System in elementary schools includes pages, as

follows: a login page, home page, profile page, student page, gallery, agenda page, student

registration page, contact page, manage profile page, student manage page, gallery manage page,

manage agenda page, and page registration.

The target client for the Student Portal and Monitoring System is the Elementary School in

Abulalas, Hagonoy, Bulacan. In line with this, the target users are the students/parents, teachers,

and administrator. The goal of the system is to make and create a portal that can make the teachers’

and admin’s day-to-day tasks become easier as well as for the students and parents to be provided

with a system that can also help them with various needs and concerns, they have about the school.

The gap that the researchers notice in the literature is that the portal that most of the

researchers’ created is simple. Hence, the researchers devise an idea to create an automated

attendance, also the monitoring that serves as a location tracker for the students wherein once the

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students tap their own generated QR code to the scanner in their designated classrooms, it will

directly proceed to the attendance system of the teachers marking them as present, late, or absent.

In each classroom and establishment, the researchers will implement a scanner for the monitoring

system which will benefit the parents by viewing the location of their students when the students

tap their own QR code to the scanner.

The problem of the client that the study intends to address is to make the teachers’ and

administrators’ day-to-day operations and monitoring of the location of their students to be easier

and hassle-free. Since, the school does not have a security guard to inspect the students, the

researchers along with the teachers, principal and the administrator decided to create a Web- based

Student Portal which will benefit the students and add other features that can help the teachers

and administrators. Furthermore, adding a monitoring system will be advantageous to the parents

wherein they will be reassured about their children’s location if they are inside or outside the

school.

The web-based student portal and monitoring system appears to have a more

comprehensive set of features for students, teachers, and administrator compared to the previous

studies. For the Students, the system includes features including Requests Documents, Enrollment,

Announcement, Monitoring and Attendance, and Lost and Found System. There are features like

Dashboard, Announcements, Attendance, and Lost and Found System for teachers. Lastly, for

Administrator, there are features like Dashboard, Student Requests, Enrollment, Announcement,

Monitoring, and Lost and Found System.

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 Previous studies may have used different platforms or technologies to build their web-

based systems. The new system may be built on a different technology stack or have a more

modern and user-friendly interface. It may also integrate other systems or tools that were not

included in the previous studies. For example, the lost and found system which may be used by the

students and teachers to easily identify the items that they lost or acknowledge the items that they

return. Also, the monitoring system that once a student taps their own generated QR code to the

scanner which is designated to each classroom, it will automatically record their attendance.

Moreover, parents can monitor the location of the student through the portal. The new system may

be designed to be more scalable than the previous studies, meaning it can handle a larger number

of users and data.

The reason for choosing the problem is that the researchers want to make the parents be

notified about the location of their children inside the school. Since there is no security guard at

the main gate, the researcher creates a system wherein the parents are notified if their children are

inside their school or not; but with a limited feature: there is no assurance of their children’s

presence in their respective classrooms. Since the main goal of this system is to pinpoint the

location of the students, the researcher adds another feature to identify the location of their children

with the use of a QR code provided for the students. This will help them, especially the parents, to

lessen their worries about their children. With the monitoring feature this will identify if their

children are really in their classroom because every tap of the students in the scanner using their

QR code will be directly recorded in the monitoring system.

Also, the researcher wants to make the day-to-day operations of the administrator, teacher,

and students easier. The use of the attendance system that can easily view and record the attendance
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of the students will greatly help the teachers with this. The announcement system for the teachers,

enrollment, and the requests of the documents for the students, and the Lost and Found system for

both the users and administrator.

Significance of the Study

The findings of the study would be beneficial to the following individuals:

Students: This study will benefit the students, as one of the vital parts of the school, it will help

them access the following online: their important documents and certificate such as grades,

enrollment, good morale, and other relevant forms and documents. Also, lost and found would be

necessary for them and will help them. Additionally, enrollment will be made easier as it will also

be done online, which promotes hassle free and fewer in person transactions.

Teachers: The researchers’ main goal is to lessen the traditional ways some teachers are still

practicing. With this system, the teachers will be able to easily track the attendance of the students.

Since it is automatic, the teachers will easily know the number of present and absent students which

can also be seen in the dashboard and they can able to print it.

School Administrator: One of the system’s goals is a paperless transaction and easily managed

records of the students, the school administrator will be able to manage the students’ information

and easily verify their details online. The dashboard feature can easily identify the information of

the students as well as monitor the location of the students.

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Parents: One of the concerns of the parents is when their children get to their school safely. With

the help of this system, the parent will know if their child is inside or outside the school through the

Short Message Service (SMS) knowing the time in and time out of their children. Also, the parents

can monitor their children’s location in the monitoring system as one of the features in the portal.

Future Researchers: The researchers’ goals and objectives for this study are only limited, therefore

the future researchers can use the same project study by adding different features and conducting it

in a different school. Giving them some ideas and maybe can improve some of the given features

with regards to the portal and monitoring system.

Project Objectives

General Objective:

The general objective of this study is to develop a web-based student portal and monitoring

system in Abulalas Elementary School.

Specific Objectives:

Specifically, it aims to achieve the following:

1. To develop a web-based system that provides the following features;

1.1 Dashboard for administration including:

1.1.1 Student’s Information

1.1.2 Teacher’s Information

1.1.3 School Map

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 1.2 Dashboard for Teachers including:

1.2.1 Attendance of the students

1.3 My Accounts;

1.4 Request Documents;

1.5 Announcement;

1.6 Monitoring;

1.7 Attendance;

1.8 Enrollment ;

1.9 Lost and Found;

2. To let the students save and print their auto generated QR code which can be used in terms of;

2.1 Monitoring the whereabouts of the student and;

2.2 Check the daily attendance of each student;

3. To inform parents by receiving text message regarding;

3.1 Student’s in and outs in school;

4. To allow the admin to post and communicate with the parents/students and teachers about the lost and

found items;

5. To enable students to transact enrollment online and request important documents such as;

5.1 Report of grades;

5.2 Enrollment;

5.3 Good Moral;

5.4 Form 137;

6. To allow the teachers to print the students attendance that can see through the dashboard;

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7. To evaluate the usability of the developed web-based system based on the following characteristics;

7.1 Usefulness of the system;

7.2 Information Quality;

7.3 Interface Quality and;

7.4 Overall Quality;

Scope and Limitations

This study aims to create a web-based portal and monitoring system for Abulalas

Elementary School which promotes relevant benefits for the school, teachers, administrator,

students, and parents. The system is designed to improve the efficiency of the school by allowing

the management to monitor and manage the teachers, administrator, and students remotely. It also

provides parents with the ability to track their children’s attendance and monitor their location. The

portal consists of three (3) different displays from different users: for the students, the portal

includes five (5) modules, including document requests, enrollment, transactions,

announcement system, monitoring, and attendance, and lost and found system. For the teachers, the

dashboard, announcement system, attendance of students, and lost and found system are the four

(4) systems included in the portal. And lastly, for the administrator, it includes six (6) modules

including the dashboard, student's requests, enrollment, monitoring, announcement system, and lost

and found system.

However, the study has limitations that need to be considered. The system is designed for

educational institutions and may not be applicable to other industries or organizations. Only the

teachers, administrators and students of Abulalas Elementary School should have access to the

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 portal. The administrators, which provided the account for the students are the only authorized

accounts that can be used to log in to the portal.

Conceptual Framework

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Gather the Requirement
Knowledge Requirements:
Planning The implementation
-php
-java Analyzing of Web-Based
-html Designing/Prototyping Student Portal and
Development Monitoring System in
Hardware Requirements: Abulalas, Elementary,
Implementation
-Computer
-Mobile Phone Maintenance School
-Scanner

Software Requirements:
-Photoshop(images)
-IDE(notepad, vs code,intellij)
-Database App

EVALUATION

Figure 1. Conceptual model of the study on the Web-Based Student Portal and
Monitoring System in Abulalas, Elementary, School

The first frame presents the input of the study that includes the knowledge, hardware and

software requirements.

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 The second frame is the process that will be used to develop the system using Software

Development Life Cycle that includes gathering the requirements, planning, analyzing, designing,

development, implementation, and maintenance.

The third frame presents the desired output from the user and development team to help the

Abulalas, Elementary School improve the school processes.

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 CHAPTER II

METHODOLOGY

Research Design

The researchers used mixed methods as they employ both quantitative and qualitative

approaches in data gathering, observation and analysis.

According to Bhandari (2022), quantitative research is the process of collecting and

analyzing numerical data. It can be used to find patterns and averages, make predictions, test causal

relationships, and generalize results to wider populations. Qualitative research uses techniques

including structured and unstructured interviews, focus groups, and participant observation not only

help generate hypotheses which can but also to promote a more rigorous testing helps researchers delve

deeper into the quantitative research numbers, understand what they mean, and understand what the

implications are. (Tenny, 2020).

Project Development

The project entitled “Web-based Student Portal and Monitoring System in Abulalas

Elementary School” is a website designed to help the students especially the parents to monitor the

location of their children that will help everyone to be directed in the portal thoroughly, it will also

help the teachers and administrators in scrutinizing and organizing the tasks they do inside the school.

The study will be executed using computers or mobile phones. Since this is a website, this requires an

internet connection. It is often available and runs on any website browser.

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 The System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is highlighted in more detail by AGILE

methodology. Since this is the best way to easily manage and create a Web-based Student Portal and

Monitoring System in Abulalas Elementary School. The researchers will use the AGILE development

methodology throughout the project development, as it emphasizes and improves software

development through iterations. It assists in operating more effectively while producing the highest

quality result. Altvater (2023) states that AGILE Methodology is a people-focused and results-focused

approach to software development that respects the rapid changes of the world. It is centered around

adaptive planning, self-organization, and short delivery times. It is flexible and fast, and it also aims

for continuous improvements in quality, such as using tools like Scrum and eXtreme Programming.

Phase I. Gathering the requirements.

- In this phase, researchers gathered the required system’s requirements, conduct interviews about

the previous methods used.

Phase II. Planning

- The required features, functionality, and scope of the system are analyzed in preparing the tools

needed for developing the system.

Phase III. Analyzing

- Analyze the requirements, gather the information about the project and identify the feasibility of

the project.

Phase IV. Designing

- In this phase, the researchers will plan the design of the system that will promote a user- friendly

feature.

Phase V. Developing

- The system is designed and developed then the coding has started.
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Phase VI. Implementation

- The software is deployed and making the software operational.

Phase VII. Maintenance

- Maintaining and updating the software to ensure that it meets the user’s needs and expectations.

Figure 2. AGILE Methodology in System Development Life Cycle

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Context Diagram and Data Flow Diagram

Figure 3. Context Diagram

The context diagram of the system shows the interaction between the external entities and the

software system. It is shown in the figure above that the students/parents, teachers, and admin have

input and output data from the system. The arrow above represents the data flow of the system and its

interaction with the external entities, rectangle represent the external entities.

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19
 Figure 4. Level 1 Data Flow Diagram

Figure 4 is the level 1 Data Flow Diagram of Web-Based Student Portal and Monitoring System

of Abulalas Elementary School, this represent the 6 sub-processes inside the system such as Account

Management, Enrollment, Student Activity Management, School Announcement, Student’s Request,

and Lost and Found that will be a features or processes inside the portal. We could see that the Context

Diagram and Level 1 Data Flow Diagram have the same input and output from the external entities,

and we also include the data store for the account.

Figure 5. Level 2 Data Flow Diagram (Account Management)

The diagram above is the level 2 Data Flow Diagram for the Account Management of students

and teachers in Abulalas Elementary School where they can create an account and the admin should

approve the account registration before the account can be created. The admin should create an account

for the teachers with the same process on how the student account is created.

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 Figure 5.1. Level 2 Data Flow Diagram (Enrollment)

Level 2 Data Flow Diagram for enrollment shows the detailed information on how the

enrollment for the student works in the portal and how the admin set up the data and information for

the upcoming school year and how the system makes the enrollment process much easier for everyone

in the school.

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 Level 5.2. Level 2 Data Flow Diagram (Student Activity Management)

Above is the level 2 representation of Data Flow Diagram on how the Student Activity

Management works this shows the processes on how the system will get the data and information

about the student once they scan their Quick Response Code in the scanner and how it will be stored

in the data store for attendance and monitoring and how this will be used to monitor their activities

inside school jurisdiction.

Level 5.3. Level 2 Data Flow Diagram (School Announcement)

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 The figure above shows the Data Flow Diagram of School Announcement where the admin

could post an announcement that can be viewed by the students and teachers and after the specific type

or the event have ended the external entities can retrieve the archived information.

Level 5.4. Level 2 Data Flow Diagram ( Student’s Request)

This shows the Data Flow Diagram for the Student’s Request where the student could request

their school documents such as report card, form 137, certificate of enrollment, and good moral. The

admin could send a respond to the request if the request is accepted it will return a date and time on

when the student can get the documents.

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 Figure 5.5 Level 2 Data Flow Diagram ( Lost and Found)

The figure above shows the Data Flow Diagram for the Lost and Found where the admin

could make a post about a lost item inside the school jurisdiction and the teachers and students could

send a private message to the post until the lost item was found by the right owner.

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System Flowchart

Figure 6. Student/Parent System Flowchart

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 The process begins with the student logging in to the system. If the student/parent go to website,

the system ask the student/parent if they have already an account, if the user say yes, it continue to

login and verified the email and password and proceed to homepage. If the user don’t have an account

the user needs to create an account and wait for the approval of the administrator to approve before

login to the account. If the user forgot his/her password, they can change the password and input the

new password and proceed to login.

My Account option allows them to manage their personal information, and account settings

they can also use their QR codes which can be useful for their attendance and monitoring system. The

Attendance option helps them keep track of their attendance, while the Announcement option enables

them to view any relevant announcements. The Lost and Found option allows them to view the lost

and found items. If the student clicks on the Lost and Found System, they can see the reports of the

item that has been missing or found. They can also leave a private comment to claim the item that has

been found or if they know the owner. If the item has not been found or if they do not own the item,

they can proceed to the end. The Request option allows the student to make a request for documents.

They can select the requested documents and wait for the approval process. Once the request is

approved, the system will process it and further instructions will be delivered, such as the time and

date of retrieval of the requested documents. The Enrollment option allows the students to make the

whole process of enrollment online, wait for the approval, and once it is approved a message of

successful enrollment will appear in their account.

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Figure 7. Teacher System Flowchart

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 The figure shows that the process begins with the Start, where the teacher enters the system.

Once logged in, they need to enter their email and password to have access to the Dashboard which

can view the students and can be able to print the students attendance record. In Attendance, which

can also view the attendance record of the student and if the teacher wants to print the record of the

students, the teacher needs to go to dashboard to print it. In Announcement can receive the

announcement coming from the admin and in Lost and Found wherein the teacher can manage to view

the lost/found item and can comment in the comment section.

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Figure 8. Administrator System Flowchart
29
 The process begins when the admin can go to the website, and the admin must log in to access

the system. The options available to the admin include My Account, Dashboard, Enrollment, Student

Request, Announcements, and Lost and Found. The Dashboard system is composed of the total

number of students, teachers, and the overview of the school map. When the admin clicks the Students,

it will show the information of the students as well as the monitor the students location. For the

Teachers, once clicked, it will show the information of the teachers like name, grade, section, and

subjects they teach and handle. The Enrollment allows the admin to manage student’s enrollment, and

the Student Request allows them to manage requests made by students. The Announcements enables

the admin to post announcements visible to all users, and the Lost and Found option allows the admin

to manage lost and found items. If the admin posts a new lost and found item, users can leave private

comments to claim the item, or any comment related to the lost or found items and the admin can

archive it once it is claimed. The process ends and will be marked complete once the admin completes

any necessary actions within the system.

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 Entity-Relationship Diagram

Figure 9. Entity-Relationship Diagram

This figure shows that the student, teacher, and admin are combined in one account, the blue

diagrams serves as the users and the gray diagram serves as the features in the portal. For students, the

primary key of the students which is the StudentID can be a foreign key in the request document,

enrollment, monitoring, attendance, teachers’ dashboard. On the other hand, the AdminID can be a

foreign key to announcement and lost and found system, while the TeacherID can be a foreign key to

school map in dashboard. In AccountID, it composes of other features such as the comment in lost

and found system and admin dashboard

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Use Case with User Stories

Figure 10. Student/Parent Use Case Diagram

This figure shows that the student needs to sign up by providing the needed information and wait

for the approval of the admin to successfully log-in to the portal, once the admin confirmed that there

is an error such as LRN, Name or other relevant information, the admin will decline the registry and

will ask the student/parent to provide the necessary details for successful registration. Once the
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student/parent login to the portal, the system will verify the username and password. After verification,

it will proceed directly to the portal but if there is wrong or missing information, it will display an error

login. The students/parents can view the announcements which were posted by the admin, the parents

can view the student’s attendance and monitoring system once they tapped in their QR code in their

designated classroom, and either the students or parents can request documents copy from the admin.

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 Figure 11. Administrator Use Case Diagram

This figure shows that the administrator can view the dashboard including the total number of

students, teachers, and the overview of the school map. Once the administrator clicks the total number

of students, it will proceed directly to the list and monitoring of the students wherein it includes the

name, grade and section, and the current location of the students inside the school. When the

administrator presses the total number of teachers, it will display their names, grade and section they

handle, and the subjects that they teach. The system also caters to view the school map, in this way

new students or clients may view the map through the pictures provided by the admin and can

familiarize themselves with the school’s surroundings. The admin can also view the requested

documents of the students such as the certificate of enrollment, report of grades, form 137 and good

moral, once approved, they will proceed to the process of confirming the requested document’s

availability to be retrieved either by the students or the parents. If the admin declines the request, a

notification will be sent to the portal informing the students of the matter. Also, the admin can view

the announcement and have the authority to post, add, update, and archive the announcement same as

the lost and found system.

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 View the
Dashboard students
attendance

Print the
attendance

Figure 12. Teacher Use Case Diagram

This figure shows that the teacher can have a dashboard where they can view the attendance

of the student and the status if it is present or absent. Can view the announcement coming from the

school, and can also view the students’ attendance once they tap their QR code to the scanner, when

the student tapped in the QR code to the scanner it will auto-generate to the attendance system which

will record the student’s attendance for the day, either present or absent. The difference between the 2

process which is the dashboard and the attendance system is that in dashboard, the teacher can print

the attendance of the students while in attendance system, the teacher can only view it. Lastly, they

can view the lost and found system wherein they can also leave comments on their concerns.
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Data Collection and Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers personally conducted all the interviews with the respondents such as the

administrator and teachers. Since they are the ones who can explain to the students and parents how

the portal functions. Permission to the principal to conduct an interview to gather information and data

on of the students is also considered. However, the data privacy Act of 2012 RA 10173 states that “It

protects the privacy of individuals while ensuring free flow of information to promote innovation and

growth”, the principal did not allow the gathering of the students’ data. Hence, the principal decided

to give only the data relevant to the system that the researchers need to create such as the processes of

inputting the grades, documents that the students have and the total number of students, teachers and

the school’s overview map.

The respondents such as the teachers and administrators were well-oriented and informed as to

why the study is conducted and were guided for the effective and productive accomplishment of the

interview, the purpose of the study then was explained to them. The researchers assured them that all

of the collected information will be kept private and will be used for research purposes. Besides, all

the data gathered during the interview were coded written and the participants double-checked the data

that the researchers wrote.

During the data collection process, the researchers rely on the answers given by the respondents

to devise a plan to create a student portal. The researchers also answered the questions of the

respondents to prevent missing data. Data collection lasts for 15-20 minutes, it is also done twice a

week to ensure that all the needed data is being collected.

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Participants (Population and Sample)

The participants in this study were the students/parents, teachers, and administrators of

Abulalas, Elementary, School. The total number of participants was 479 students, 19 teachers, and 1

administrator.

The researchers used non-probability sampling to see which units are selected because they

have the characteristics that the researchers need for the sample; therefore, allows the researchers to

use a purposive sampling technique. Also, this was the most suitable technique to use in this study.

Acceptability Testing

1.1 Research Instrument

In this study, the researcher will make use of ISO 25010:2011 as a tool for system software

evaluation. A comprehensive framework for evaluating the quality attributes of software products is

laid out in the international standard ISO 25010:2011 for the requirements and evaluation of software

product quality, functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, maintainability, portability,

compatibility, and security are the eight attributes that highlight the quality of the software. Gaining

knowledge about the website's strengths and weaknesses and ensuring that the generated website

complies with industry standards for quality are two benefits of using this program.

The 5-point Likert Scale will be used to gauge the respondents' opinions of the software testing

process. A Likert scale is a style of rating scale that is used to gauge respondents' attitudes, opinions,

and beliefs. On a scale of 1 to 5, the respondents are asked to rate. 1 - Strongly Agree, 2 -Disagree,

3 – Neutral, 4 -Agreeand 5 – Strongly Agree. To collect quantitative data for statistical analysis, the

Likert scale can be helpful.

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 Scale Verbal

Interpretation

1 Strongly

Agree

2 Agree

3 Neutral

4 Disagree

5 Strongly

Disagree

Table 1. Likert-Scale

Statistical Techniques

As for the statistical technique, descriptive statistics will be used to interpret the gathered and

analyzed data about the population used to test the hypotheses, explain causes, and forecast future

events. Since the main objectives of the study are to enhance and simplify the teachers’ and students’

day-to-day work and task routine to notify the parents and monitor the location of their children inside

the school, statistical analysis is used to put the data in perspective. The validity of the effectiveness

of this study will be mathematically examined and associated. It involves gathering information to test

theories about the participants’ current situation. The researchers undertake a variety of activities to

gather data, including deciding whether they can pursue the project, looking into it, undergoing

analyses, and finally conducting research. Web- based Student Portal and Monitoring System in

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Abulalas, Elementary, School was created to develop an efficient, reliable, and effective student portal

that will help the students/parents, teachers, and administrators in their activities inside the school.

Quantitative data such as the ratings in scale were analyzed as the mean. It will be interpreted

with 1.00 – 1.70 as “Strongly Agree”, 1.71 – 2.70 as “Agree”, 2.71 – 3.30 as

“Neutral”, 3.31 – 4.20 as “Disagree”, and 4.21 – 5.00 as “Strongly Disagree”.

Scale Range of Verbal

Mean Value Interpretation

1 1.00 – 1.70 Strongly

Agree

2 1.71 – 2.70 Agree

3 2.71 – 3.30 Neutral

4 3.31 – 4.20 Disagree

5 4.21 – 5.00 Strongly

Disagree

Table 2. Interval Range and Verbal Interpretation for Scoring for Web-based Student

Portal and Monitoring System in Abulalas, Elementary, School

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Unit Testing

Unit testing is a type of software testing where every unit of the system or software will be

tested to prevent bugs or any errors the software might encounter. This type of testing gives the

development team an advantage to identify early defects in the software before launching it, this saves

the development team time, money, and effort unit testing also ensures the reliability and quality of

the software required by the customer. Choosing between white-box and black-box testing to perform

a testing procedure on the software will depend on the objectives of the software testing. Both white-

box and black-box testing techniques have their own advantages and disadvantages in testing the

software and they also both have different applications. These are some of the things to consider in

choosing between the testing techniques:

White-box testing is a software testing technique that requires the software tester to have at

least a basic knowledge of the coding because this technique focuses on the structure, function, and

code path of the software this helps the development team to analyze the code architecture of the

software in this testing technique. The tester can identify which part of the code could be improved

and optimized.

Black-box testing on the other hand focuses on the functionality of the software unlike the

white-box testing this testing technique does not require the testers to have a piece of technical

knowledge of the coding, using this testing technique could help the tester identify errors in the

software that could not be seen in the code like user interface and the behavior of the software, this

will also help the tester to view the software in the user’s perspective rather than a developer’s

perspective.

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 Both white-box and black-box testing techniques will be helpful for the development team in

giving an advantage in developing the software and making it reliable and excellent. Both testing

techniques can be used in the testing stage of software development life cycle to achieve the user

requirement. White-box testing while coding the software to test the arrays, data flow, data structure,

and different related in the internal of the software. While black-box will be used in testing the

interface of the software while developing the system to minimize the error while the software

development is going further because ignoring the error could lead to a bigger problem in the software

these two techniques will save the developer resources on developing the software.

Ethical Consideration

To ensure that the research is carried out in an ethical and responsible manner, ethical

concerns may aid to direct the researchers. As it protects each person's rights, the Data Privacy Act is

one of those elements of ethical considerations that researchers took into account when gathering data

from the clients. Data Privacy Act of 2012 states that it protects the privacy of individuals while the

ensuring free flow of information to promote innovation and growth; regulates the collection,

recording, organization, storage, updating or modification, retrieval, consultation, use, consolidation,

blocking, erasure, or destruction of personal data.

Moreover, it is the researchers' duty to guarantee that the procedures will not harm any of the

clients, the researchers then ask for the participants' consent as a requirement. Investigators need to

utilize caution while handling any information or data obtained from clients or participants, this is to

ensure that the data will not be shared with anybody without sufficient authorization, and all sensitive

information must remain confidential.

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