7/15/23, 2:37 PM Newton Raphson method Algorithm & Example-1 f(x)=x^3-x-1

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3. Newton Raphson method example ( Enter your problem )

Other related methods
1. Algorithm & Example-1 f(x) = x 3 - x - 1
2. Example-2 f(x) = 2x 3 - 2x - 5 1. Bisection method
3. Example-3 x = √12 2. False Position method (regula falsi method)
3
3. Newton Raphson method
4. Example-4 x = √48 4. Fixed Point Iteration method
5. Example-5 f(x) = x 3 + 2x 2 + x - 1 5. Secant method
6. Muller method
7. Halley's method
8. Steffensen's method
9. Ridder's method

2. False Position method (regula falsi method) 2. Example-2 f(x

(Previous method) (Ne

1. Algorithm & Example-1 f(x) = x 3 - x - 1

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Algorithm
Newton Raphson method Steps (Rule)
Step-1: Find points a and b such that a < b and f(a) ⋅ f(b) < 0.
Step-2: Take the interval [a, b] and
a+b
find next value x 0 =
2
Step-3: ( Enter your problem )
( )
Find f x 0 and f′ x 0 ( )
( )
f x0
x1 = x0 -
f′ (x 0 )

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7/15/23, 2:37 PM Newton Raphson method Algorithm & Example-1 f(x)=x^3-x-1

Step-4:
( )
If f x 1 = 0 then x 1 is an exact root,
else x 0 = x 1

Step-5:
() | ( )| ≤ Accuracy
Repeat steps 3 and 4 until f x i = 0 or f x i

Example-1
Find a root of an equation f(x) = x 3 - x - 1 using Newton Raphson method

Solution:
Here x 3 - x - 1 = 0

Let f(x) = x 3 - x - 1

∴ f′ (x) = 3x 2 - 1

Here
x 0 1 2
f(x) -1 -1 5

Here f(1) = - 1 < 0 and f(2) = 5 > 0

∴ Root lies between 1 and 2

1+2
x0 = = 1.5
2

1 st iteration :

( )
f x 0 = f(1.5) = 0.875

( )
f′ x 0 = f′ (1.5) = 5.75

( )
f x0
x1 = x0 -
f′ (x 0 )

0.875
x 1 = 1.5 -
5.75

x 1 = 1.34783

2 nd iteration :

( )
f x 1 = f(1.34783) = 0.10068

( )
f′ x 1 = f′ (1.34783) = 4.44991

( )
f x1
x2 = x1 -
f′ (x 1 )

0.10068
x 2 = 1.34783 -
4.44991

x 2 = 1.3252 ( Enter your problem )

3 rd iteration :

( )
f x 2 = f(1.3252) = 0.00206

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7/15/23, 2:37 PM Newton Raphson method Algorithm & Example-1 f(x)=x^3-x-1

( )
f′ x 2 = f′ (1.3252) = 4.26847

( )
f x2
x3 = x2 -
f′ (x 2 )

0.00206
x 3 = 1.3252 -
4.26847

x 3 = 1.32472

4 th iteration :

( )
f x 3 = f(1.32472) = 0

( )
f′ x 3 = f′ (1.32472) = 4.26463

( )
f x3
x4 = x3 -
f′ (x 3 )

0
x 4 = 1.32472 -
4.26463

x 4 = 1.32472

Approximate root of the equation x 3 - x - 1 = 0 using Newton Raphson method is 1.32472

n x0 ( )
f x0 ( )
f′ x 0 x1 U

1 1.5 0.875 5.75 1.34783 x

2 1.34783 0.10068 4.44991 1.3252 x

3 1.3252 0.00206 4.26847 1.32472 x

4 1.32472 0 4.26463 1.32472 x

This material is intended as a summary. Use your textbook for detail explanation.
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2. False Position method (regula falsi method) 2. Example-2 f(x

(Previous method) (Ne

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7/15/23, 2:37 PM Newton Raphson method Algorithm & Example-1 f(x)=x^3-x-1

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