PHYS 2202 LAB: Physics II

Week 10
Magnetic-Field
by
[Insert Student’s Name]

Due Date:
Objective
The main objective of this lab is to find and plot the magnetic field surrounding a long
current carrying wire.
Equipment Used
 D.C. Power Supply
 D.C. Ammeter
 Leads
 Ring stand
 Singles pan quadruple beam balance
 Green Magnetic field plotting stand with wire White paper
 Carbon paper
 Tape
Theory
A moving charge is acted upon by a force, ⃗ ⃗ ; |F
F =q ⃗v × B ⃗|=qv sin θ where 𝑞 is the
charge and ⃗v is its velocity. The force is proportional to the vector product of the
velocity v and the magnetic field and is always perpendicular to both the velocity and
the magnetic field. we also see that the force will reverse its direction if the velocity of
μo I
the charge reverses its direction. At any point it has the magnitude, |⃗ B|= Tesla
2 πr
where r is the distance from the point to the wire and μo is an arbitrarily defined
constant. The direction of the magnetic field is such that if the thumb of the right-
hand points in the direction of the current in the wire, then the other fingers encircle
the wire in the same direction as the magnetic field does. When a current carrying
conductor lies in a magnetic field (produced by a permanent magnet or another
current carrying wire) magnetic forces are exerted on the moving electrons within the
conductor. These forces are transmitted to the material of the conductor and thus the
conductor as a whole experience a force. This magnetic force can be described
mathematically by the vector cross product: ⃗ F =I ⃗L ×⃗B=ILB sin θ .
Procedure
 Place the magnetic assembly on the single pan balance with the red side
facing towards you.
 Place the ring stand with the main unit in the back of the pan with the main
unit extending through the pan support that its chromed arms are just above
the magnet.
 Lower the chromed arms of the main unit so that the foil loop extends down.
 Position the ring stand so that the horizontal portion of the conductive foil of
the current loop passes through the pole region of the magnet assembly.
 Mount the SF 38 current loop in the 0 main unit.
 Wire up the apparatus and use the 5-amp terminal on the ammeter.
 Measure the mass of the magnet assembly with no current flowing and record
the value as mo under mass with no current flowing in the data table.
 Turn on the current and adjust it to 0.5 amp to measure the mass of the
magnet assembly with the current flowing and will record this value as m 1.
 Increase the current by 0.5 amp to 1.0 amp.
  Determine the new mass of the magnet assembly and record this value under
mass with current flowing in the data table.
 Subtract the mass value with current flowing from the value with no current
flowing and record this value as grams force in the table.
 Increase the current in 0.5 amp in increments to a maximum of 5.0 amp each
time and repeat the above steps.
 Repeat the above steps for current loops of SF 40, SF 39, SF 38, SF 41 and
SF 42 and record the results in the table.
Data Analysis
Part I
Trial Current Length (L) of Mass with no Mass with Grams Force in
No. (Amps) Cond. (m) current current Force Newtons
flowing flowing
(grams) (grams)
1 0 0.042 162.75 162.75 0 0.000
2 0.5 0.042 162.75 162.97 0.22 0.002
3 1 0.042 162.75 163.08 0.33 0.003
4 1.5 0.042 162.75 163.21 0.46 0.005
5 2 0.042 162.75 163.36 0.61 0.006
6 2.5 0.042 162.75 163.54 0.79 0.008
7 3 0.042 162.75 163.7 0.95 0.009
8 3.5 0.042 162.75 163.86 1.11 0.011
9 4 0.042 162.75 163.98 1.23 0.012
10 4.5 0.042 162.75 164.15 1.4 0.014
11 5 0.042 162.75 164.3 1.55 0.015
 Length of the wire is 0.042m and slope from the graph is 0.003. So, the Magnetic
0.003
Field Strength B will be = 0.071 Tesla
0.042
It is observed from the graph above that there is a linear relationship between the
force and the current i.e., as the current increases, the force also increases.
Increase in the current will increase the force acting on a wire inside a magnetic field.
Trial Current Length (L) of Mass with no Mass with Grams Force in
No. (Amps) Cond. (m) current current Force Newtons
flowing flowing
(grams) (grams)
1 3 0.012 162.76 163.02 0.26 0.003
2 3 0.022 162.76 163.25 0.49 0.005
3 3 0.032 162.76 163.5 0.74 0.007
4 3 0.042 162.76 163.71 0.95 0.009
5 3 0.064 162.76 164.09 1.33 0.013
6 3 0.084 162.76 164.52 1.76 0.017

Conclusion
We performed this lab to find and plot the magnetic field surrounding a long current
carrying wire. All the experimental data and calculation results are recorded in the
data analysis portion of the lab report in the tabular form. The necessary graphs are
also included in the report. Force vs current analysis shows there the relationship
between them is linear.