In the Name of ALLAH

Science: Respiratory System

A. What is respiration?
Respiration is the process of taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide.
B. What is the function of the respiratory system?
Its function is the exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the external environment and
your internal environment.
C. Label the parts of the respiratory system, the answers are shown in the box on the
right:

D. Summary of the process of respiration.

1. The air enters the body through the nasal cavity (nose). The hair in the nose traps
the dust and germs. The air becomes warmer.
2. The air passes to the pharynx.
3. Then, it passes to the larynx (voice box).
4. After that, air passes through a cartilaginous tube called trachea.
5. Then, it is split into 2 smaller branches called bronchi. They are inside the lungs.
6. The bronchi are branched into smaller branches called bronchioles.
7. Finally, the air reaches the alveoli (air sacs). This is where gas exchange occurs.

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 E. Process of inhalation and exhalation:

Characteristics Inhalation Exhalation

Air Air enters the lungs rich is Air leaves the lungs rich in carbon
oxygen gas dioxide gas.
Rib cage Expands as rib muscles Gets smaller as rib muscles relax
contract
Diaphragm Contracts Relaxes

Size of lungs Larger Smaller

F. Gaseous exchange at the level of the alveoli

There are millions of alveoli in the lungs that help provide Oxygen gas to the body for
energy.
In the alveoli, the air enters rich in Oxygen gas, Oxygen gas passes to the blood then
it transported to the rest of the body. The blood coming from the body parts
releases carbon dioxide gas at the level of the alveoli which is eliminated out of the
body by exhalation. (air leaving the body is rich in carbon dioxide gas)

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