Perancangan Kompresor-Pendahuluan

1. PENDAHULUAN

1.1 Klasifikasi

Gambar 1.1 Principal types of compressors[Meherwan]

1.2 Pemilihan

Gambar 1.2 Performance characteristics of different types of compressors[Meherwan]

Gambar 1.3 Variation of adiabatic efficiency with specific speed for three types of
compressors[Meherwan]

Prepared By : SJN/PEM-A/CP 1
 Perancangan Kompresor-Pendahuluan

Table 1.1 Compressor characteristics. It is important to note that the

operating range is narrowed with the increase in pressure ratio and the
number of stages[Meherwan]
Type of Pressure ratio Efficiency Operating
Compressors Industry Aerospace Research (%) range
Positive
< 30 - - 75 sd 82 -
Displacement
Centrifugal 1,2 sd 1,9 2,0 sd 7,0 13 75 sd 87 Large 25%
Narrow 3%
Axial 1,05 sd 1,3 1,1 sd 1,45 2.1 80 sd 91
sd 10%

1.3 Penggerak

Gambar 1.4 Performance characteristics of different types of compressor

drives[Meherwan]

Tabel 1.2 Driver Selection

Driver HP range Available Possible Efficiency Starting Stalling
speed Speed Torque & Torque
(60 Cycle) Variation Amperes % % Full
Full Load Load
Induction 1 to 5000 3600/N Constant 10 hp = 86% 60 to 100% 150%
Motor or large N = 1 thru Speed 100 hp = Torque min
8 91% 550 to 650%
1000 hp = amperes
94%

Prepared By : SJN/PEM-A/CP 2
 Perancangan Kompresor-Pendahuluan

Driver HP range Available Possible Efficiency Starting Stalling

speed Speed Torque & Torque
(60 Cycle) Variation Amperes % % Full
Full Load Load
Synchronous 100 to 3600/N Constant 93% to 97% 40% torque 150%
Motor 2000 or N = 2 thru Speed under 514 rpm
large 20 40% to 100%
torque over 514
rpm
300 to 500%
Amperes
Steam 1 to 25000 34000 to 100% down 30% to 35% 175 to 300% Up to
Turbine or large 1800 to 30% 300%
Combustion 300 hp @ 10000 rpm 100% down 27% to 40% Both single and split shaft
Gas Turbine 10000 hp @ 3000 to to 50% require sizable starting
5000 rpm motor or turbine.
Single shaft design has
poor part load torque
characteristics and requires
a larger starter.
Two Shaft turbines have
good torque characteristics.
Integral Gas 85 hp @ 600 rpm to 100% down 30% to 40% Nil started with About
Engine 6000 hp @ 300 rpm to 60% compressed air 120%
Integral 100 hp @ 600 rpm to 100% down 35% Nil started with About
Diesel 1500 hp @ 300 rpm to 60% compressed air 120%
Engine
Coupled Gas 100 hp @ 600 rpm to 100% down 35 to 41% Nil started with About
or Diesel 6000 hp @ 300 rpm to 60% compressed air 120%
Engine
Steam 55 to 4000 150 to 500 100% down 30 to 45% About 120% About
Engine hp rpm to 20% 120%

Prepared By : SJN/PEM-A/CP 3