Engineering Thermodynamics ENSC3024: Ideal Gas Formulae

For constant mass systems undergoing internally reversible processes.

Process Isometric Isobaric Isothermal Isentropic Polytropic

➔ V=C p =C T=C S=C 𝑝𝑉 𝑛 = 𝐶
𝑝1 𝑉1 ϒ = 𝑝2 𝑉2 ϒ 𝑝1 𝑉1 𝑛 = 𝑝2 𝑉2 𝑛

𝑇2 𝑉1 ϒ−1 𝑇2 𝑉1 𝑛−1
p, V, T 𝑇2 𝑝2 𝑇2 𝑉2 =( ) =( )
= = 𝑝1 𝑉1 = 𝑝2 𝑉2 𝑇1 𝑉2 𝑇1 𝑉2
relations 𝑇1 𝑝1 𝑇1 𝑉1
𝑝2 (ϒ−1)⁄ϒ 𝑝2 (𝑛−1) ⁄𝑛
= ( ) = ( )
𝑝1 𝑝1
2 𝑉2 𝑝2 𝑉2 − 𝑝1 𝑉1 𝑝2 𝑉2 − 𝑝1 𝑉1
− ∫ 𝑝𝑑𝑉 0 𝑝(𝑉2 − 𝑉1 ) 𝑝1 𝑉1 ln ( )
1 𝑉1 1−ϒ 1−𝑛

2 𝑉2 ϒ(𝑝2 𝑉2 − 𝑝1 𝑉1 ) 𝑛(𝑝2 𝑉2 − 𝑝1 𝑉1 )
− ∫ 𝑉𝑑𝑝 𝑉(𝑝1 − 𝑝2 ) 0 𝑝1 𝑉1 ln ( )
1 𝑉1 1−ϒ 1−𝑛

𝑚 ∫ 𝑐𝑣 𝑑𝑇 𝑚 ∫ 𝑐𝑣 𝑑𝑇 𝑚 ∫ 𝑐𝑣 𝑑𝑇 𝑚 ∫ 𝑐𝑣 𝑑𝑇
𝑈2 − 𝑈1 0
𝑚𝑐𝑣 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 ) 𝑚𝑐𝑣 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 ) 𝑚𝑐𝑣 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 ) 𝑚𝑐𝑣 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 )

𝑚 ∫ 𝑐𝑣 𝑑𝑇 𝑚 ∫ 𝑐𝑝 𝑑𝑇 𝑚 ∫ 𝑇 𝑑𝑠 𝑚 ∫ 𝑐𝑛 𝑑𝑇
Q 𝑉2 0
𝑚𝑐𝑣 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 ) 𝑚𝑐𝑝 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 ) 𝑚𝑐𝑛 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 )
𝑝1 𝑉1 ln ( )
𝑉1
Index, n ∞ 0 1 ϒ -∞ to ∞

ϒ−1
Specific 𝑐𝑛 = 𝑐𝑣 ( )
𝑐𝑣 𝑐𝑝 ∞ 0 1−𝑛
heat, c
[ϒ = C]

𝑚 ∫ 𝑐𝑝 𝑑𝑇
𝑚 ∫ 𝑐𝑝 𝑑𝑇 𝑚 ∫ 𝑐𝑝 𝑑𝑇 𝑚 ∫ 𝑐𝑝 𝑑𝑇
𝐻2 − 𝐻1 0
𝑚𝐶𝑝 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 )
𝑚𝐶𝑝 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 ) 𝑚𝑐𝑝 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 ) 𝑚𝑐𝑝 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 )
𝑐𝑣 𝑑𝑇 𝑐𝑛 𝑑𝑇
𝑚∫ 𝑐𝑝 𝑑𝑇 𝑄 𝑚∫
𝑇 𝑚∫ 𝑇
𝑇2 𝑇 𝑇 𝑇2
𝑇2 𝑉2 0
𝑚𝑐𝑣 ln ( ) 𝑚𝑐𝑛 ln ( )
𝑆2 − 𝑆1 𝑇1 𝑚𝑐𝑝 ln ( ) 𝑚𝑅 ln ( ) 𝑇1
𝑇1 𝑉1
𝑝2 𝑉2 𝑐𝑣 𝑑𝑇 𝑉2 𝑐𝑝 𝑑𝑇 𝑝2
𝑚𝑐𝑣 ln ( ) + 𝑚𝑐𝑝 ln ( ) ; 𝑚 ∫ + 𝑚𝑅 ln ( ) ; 𝑚 ∫ − 𝑚𝑅 ln ( )
𝑝1 𝑉1 𝑇 𝑉1 𝑇 𝑝1

Data for Air

𝑐𝑝 = 1.005 𝐾𝐽⁄𝑘𝑔𝐾, 𝑐𝑣 = 0.72 𝐾𝐽⁄𝑘𝑔𝐾, ϒ = 1.4, R = 0.287 𝐾𝐽⁄𝑘𝑔𝐾

Compiled by lcs, modified by ks and acrt