Types of engines:

1) Inline Engine:
-All cylinders aligned in one row.
-Easier to build simple design.
-There is an even distribution of weight they
maintain an optimum balance
-Cheaper
-Smaller in size require relatively small space
Disadvantage:
-Lacks rigidity
-Overheating and cooling issues
-Higher center of gravity affect the overall balance, makes it less stable.
(To compensate for this, measures to optimize the suspension systems and chassis
designs are taken.)
2) W Engine
3 or 4 cylinder banks use the same crankshaft resembling
the letter W
3 cylinder banks broad arrow engines
-Shorter and wider than a V-engine
-the V angle is about 15 degrees
-Take up less space and provide more power (compact size)
-More components difficult for manufacturing
3) V- type Engine

-V shape
-2-cylinder banks with the same number of cylinders, each bank is connected to a
common crankshaft
- 60–90 degree V-angle
-Smoothed and balanced
-When the number of cylinder increases better benefits
-Shorter length
-Narrower
-Taller
-Higher center of mass
-Smaller size
-Improves aerodynamics
-Increases primary balance and reduces vibrations
Disadvantage:
-More expensive
-Difficult design Difficult to build.
-Cooling problem.
-More components make the engine heavier.
-Not fuel-efficient.
4) Opposed Engine

2 banks of cylinders opposite to each other with a crankshaft in the center.

The pistons of both cylinder banks are connected to the single crankshaft.
-Has an efficiency advantage, since there are no cylinder heads, less heat is lost to
the cooling system
-The quantity of pollutants generated is reduced through lower pressures and
temperatures during combustion
-The longer combined stroke length between the two cylinders enables the fuel to
burn more, leading to a further reduction in waste matter generation.
Drawback:
The two opposing pistons power must be geared together.
Added weight and complexity.
5) Single Engine:
(Used in motorcycles, go-karts, garden machinery)
-Less expensive to build
-Greater potential for air flow around all sides of the cylinder air cooling is often
more effective for single cylinder than multi-cylinder engines.
-Larger bores and strokes produce higher torque at lower rev
Problems:
-Size of the piston is heavy for its cubic capacity.
-Requires a heavier flywheel due to the uneven power delivery.
-Higher levels of vibrations.

6) Radial Engine

A reciprocating type IC engine in which the cylinders radiate outward from a

central crank case
-odd number of cylinders and they fire in an alternating order (1-3-5-2-4)
Advantages: (for airplanes)
Can produce a lot of power
 7) Flat Engine

Horizontally opposed piston engine

-180 deg V-engine
-Each pair of cylinders shares a single crank pin when one piston moves
inward the other moves outward, one is compressing and one in combusting, one is
at the BDC and the other at the TDC
-Better primary balance, resulting to less vibration (compared to inline)
-Can offer sports cars high performance and power without vibration
-Low center of gravity can improve the aerodynamics of the vehicle.
-Easier to cool
Disadvantage:
-Wider than inline and V-engine issue for repair and maintenance. (The
heads are on the side of the car)
8) Twin engine:
-More power higher up the rev range.
-Compromises torque delivery at the lower end
9) Boxer engine:
Horizontally opposed IC engine
Each opposing piston will do the same stroke, when the left is
compressing the right will also be compressing and vice-versa.
-Good rotational balance to pistons, and hence lower vibrations
-Lower center of gravity advantageous for maintaining stability
Disadvantage:
-Larger in size and hence occupy more space
-Maintaining is difficult and expensive
-Long production time
10) Wankel rotary engine (Not used anymore)

3-lobe rotor of triangular shape with curved sides that rotates eccentrically in an
oval chamber
-rotor is mounted on the crankshaft through external and internal gears
-it has an ignition system and a fuel-delivery system similar to the ones on piston
engines
Advantages:
-Smooth
-Compact
-Lightweight
-No pistons-> center of gravity is very low.
Problems
-Tend to suck gas and deliver poor emission (unburnt fuel along with burned oil)
-Require frequent maintenance
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