Computer Graphies t. Campuley Graphics fis the etd ade Sepresentation maniputatian add display . op picture with. “the help! of eat puter * Graphics is the ability fox giving | compute %: fo exprer its data in. pictovia form. | > Companents ok computer Graphics t- @_ Modelling ee ‘ Gy. Stating [Ragires ec batist, Gi. ManiButadian_/ Tra nsfoxma Kon @) Rendeving (y_ Tn tetac-tHan QW sVieweng [Presentation . i) Modelitng » In CG, an object is mado up ok pixels, eo 2 deals with the object definiHon: in terms ak Pivels theis addresies and Totenstty vatuea. ¥) Sterng [Representation » It deals with the Stertg gcenes : and imagen _memosy and O. dive Objects, image OY Scenes ave “gtexed 7a computer In _binay: ~sepresentehon. So th cleats watt bhava. "reps esen tation at og pinelo fo. dektne _obgeet, Images’ etc i Manipulasion | Transformattn > T+ dequ wtih the Charging ing | the shape, pdsiffan and eharacierstit? ab objeek. 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PRoouei. | | ING PLANNING) Cheek : | pie Tea ete as ipl Lay 7 Advantages 3 (4) Enforced déscipléne approach (i)_Smpie_ and well defied — methad, + Disadvantages t- _(y longer tead time Gi) Product Changes and modification will slow Wi) Quality | win “be (ow : ?o * Concurvent Engineering ¢ E+ 75 a production’ system’ which sevesal_ groups within an OvgaNisation Wovks Simultaneously te _cveate nei product and __sevieces i er TH i a non ~Uncax product design process’ dure which alt stages of _manvfacturtiy operate ah the Same Hime.oa Hater Ee pee ath i [Design precen| \ layout of concusvent Engg. a advantagess: @ High Goality. (i) Product changes and modifications will Casies + > Disadvantages 2 Complicated psccexo Computer Sided Desig inty "Design vk AMA _componerb by toeiy Compaley is oatted ’ CAD Faraone CAa> CAD “is _a_ designing process which Utilises the compules as. a tool fer alt PencHons hot are volved Io the deoiyn process. TEE dy) deat, Pree tn tows Ways er elps the goes Lengine felloweng. ys O cnn fe faster and move Gecurate than convenNenal _Methato i) Modigicatron ok the modet _is_very eaay.- Ly You can Gecuvaleley _cateutade various _geomelsic a properties Tn clucting. _d?menarona. Li) You wil never have to repeat, the design O* # dean ° a component . gs 9°,CAD system : ! = | A i | | t _% Computer Hardware :- @) CPU Central Processing Unit [rath meney ete nine fo CPO vy eee Conhalley TORTTG We emery = SSE devices: hae ae Te Thsagh which he hes opera CH) Tn pad: Devices 9 communis with sea icompuler for feeddy aside sae Rekemavy + Key board a * Mouse * Light Pen + Doystig + Tablet * Scanner A) Display Deviced 9 Th thio mast ok the eats. Geek gad+ Cathode ~Ray Tube (cat) Display + Plasma Panel Display. Ye tquid “crystal aisptay (ven) ok Heese thee methads PM is the CRT Arsplays tak ac [ost advanced and _extenoive 3n_use he t Vy Hard- Copy Devices t once the autpat ix (Pralted on i. : the display device, % can be teansfor- med he hayd Copy ustag > oe = Graphical Prtnters * . PloHex: Photographic devices W Storage Devices g- Peymanent _wequires a large amount ek Stevage devices. ¢ Floppy Disics 2 : eee * Wnchester disks. = + Magnetic tapes oe + Magnebic tapes _calvidge 2 Dv®L CAD software AVIWCAD i Solid Works Unit- Graphics cATIA CREO ete, © Advantages § Laing cn Jeans UY Productivity increases W_Producton dine deuveases iii) Reduces Man - power fy) Acceray trcvease? PApPWeatlon of CAD Y_ Braking. i) Optimtzatton by Using numerical methods i) Fox 9-9 and _38-D drabtng We) pov 3D modectity os well os vistualizabtn ¢ v) For modeliiy — curver, SuYfaces Solids and aioembbieoGre To-ordinate System ts, depined as a — mefewence system U9-%. to — which atk. the geometrical datos of Model ave dekned. e Mes can be ars bi taxi t p_ Model ~ Co-Ordtrate Systemt- mes (User ~ co-ordate eye] choasen by the ‘user. user 9 meg — Userng) mes oan Fis Mes. @) World Co-Ordinate System + The wes fs used te relate = . the different M-¢-s of, “a Mollipte models which aye now 2a F —— [a a fame, Working “—— ie eat 7 Rige Wes. } — “The defautt co-Ordihale. System _adhen the user shart the Modelling i the WES. 3 Nill Seveen - Co-ordinate syslem is; This xefess fe the actial (@isploy Co-ordthahia) Coraxdlinates to be used fay displayihy the mage _on the scveen 2 NETH basically ‘relates aly _pinels « rr ce 4System Translation TTxa0S format on Th cds — The -translormation actually convert the, geomerry Grom one _Co~ovdfnate ois. | n sane Ro taton - Scalfng Se tage inert ie T Fe 3 Reklecton compastte Tsans{ormahi Shearing @ Ved Translation 3- A anglaves moves an object te L a diferent posPtons. on the; scveen Tnitoy Postifoo , P (2s 'y) “ P= Ue) ox shift vector Fig. translation vec ri ie) Then, ®nal Postitons will be.fP" (xc! yi) ete) och = det To 1 fea ye yt Ty ' te Ce) | \ Perk aT : FPaal Hen Thi tal Poston * ele weotor 7 Gi) 22 Botatfon t Ta rotation, we vokate the object at _partewlay angle @ from fs onigin Enitial “Poston (2,8) Z aa es ¥cos> We tsing - a ciel ie Final Postion _e! (4!) { E w= vcos(otd) = ¥ C056- cash — ¥ Sind -senO COW Rolahon.SOAP), » FO Cent PCa Se % = Ystne De COS iquee pnd. Bornes —_ w x sin(h+9) ra y = Vth cso +. % cos b sino : = .4cos8. + 2c sino o = €sing +y cove, a ae = ia x! LOH. ~Ystng 2\)= [Be a) wi = scsin® 4 Yeos® —_ Tie above eq” can. be wepresented tn. the form of i matrices, as follawe - spo (etal = [sey] - [oso sto] 5 oe. i [=sine cote f. ‘ CE cca Raat = Initio! __-Bolationals : sap Peaitian Position Mabry, : : Foe clockwise Relation Tostead. of faklng © (ve) fake th as. negative _€ 0 9 Cve) a Le! yt = ely Coste) sin (-o) a Su =sin(-s) | costo) Cs an = ix y C086 7 Ssin stn8 Cos is hee where, wade R= Rotational muletter mate. aedetesminant of above mals + dei[m] = Rotation by 180° Gow & + | Rew = | oe sno] = [v0 | =stoe cas Oc cletesminant of above matrix? det[M] =.» Rotation ok 230" Ge. Reew Cose sind elo -! [=sie~ cose | (ae ee determinant ‘ej above matre > det(m] = onclusion = . . Th dedevminant of the moltieites mak ts 4 theo fh wt! be a pore yokatonal _matsik. * i . ' @@ Ih the postifon vector oF of P(2410) is wotated antfotockutse %n -y Plane by an angle Q=20", such Xhak eotot _occepfes _pestHon_@. Find Co-ordinate af @ gol x=90, Yyd10 O= 30 @ee' =[x'a) = [9010] [cosac” fo3e 7 [EStnav® Cos36 Qocos3ae ~yostn3e = 12-32 3 = 208238 + 1cosast = 18-66fin Object fs volated by angle © tm ¢-w direction. sing = 0.6 CDSO= 0-3 ) What will be the New CO-Or- nade ok Very @ as. shown in fg. Th volation eceurs |. about _pofot Pp. get By faking Pay arigin ex © (4, 5) Tefal positon @ my) -@(aa) TR” Yiven, SIMO =O-6 | CosO -osp LS A(5.35) | rund > [3.2] | ok -@o-4| a So [aoc oe | os (anny tr¥0-6) (av 0-6-4 207) ot = (ee) ‘(@¢, ~o.) And, i with “wespect to dhe “0” the co-gsdimates pt Perot 0 wit be (1¢3-6)_ (24-02) =e, 2-9) atee a = > Ui) Reflection & Retlectfon “WS the: MisToN image ok oviginal object» RS “Tt 3s a votaon operation with tte’. + The _s?ze ok the object doen't Changes w Reflection — about a-axis 2 > when a point is *ehlected along sc-axis . then the ae-covdtnate ssematns same. bat Y-co-dsdincde Ss a aa) tsanstormed to 2 Oppastte sin. > The weflecton of (x.y) | across o-pxis will be (x,-W) ~~ : : ley) aaa Ces) {sess => Reflection Mater ok Gay) point about © xc~Axr's & a spectat case ok rotation about or-Avis by 180", Reklection about Y-axis o- — yw covdinate same o'r bet prCiay] ACL x co-Ordtnake -e ej aarem- a \ ae GR 7 \ Retlecina i t (ey SSP (x.y) Ra %ea-y> Reblection about dhe Ifne gee «+ The -seblection Oka palin: fey) gesoss the tno Yaz oo is potot CY, x) (ow) > (ye) we ReblecHon about the ttre ys noe ate weflecton of ne potot (x.y) acvoss the (ne youw _fs._potnt (~y,-a0) (Gera) ae ' ; & jealing ~ this_operatlon size 0; an object is_efther a Sealecl up or Scalod down. é | ot yt) = {= v Soe 0 | Sx and Sy ase - Mr a ae eels Ss] Scatiny factors. ier Scate vp 2 Scaling factors > I + wi Scale down: scaling factors <] - ext ; . ENE Sh oe Sig) untpesin Sealey a i Soc #Sy 1 Non-uniferm — scaliay@gheaving es 2 (ocd s Spends co-oxdioate Of a pornts Gely) + €%d — co-ovderate of a. part Site. Sheaving parameter: along Pd — SHy + Sheaxtng | parameter; along | 4 Shearing 09 -Axk Shearing on _B- Sxts_ ws, oe 48H KY Nels 96 i 4! =_Y + Sty x@ > sheared pasion’ ip Deighel pootton E?qe sheav?ng on ce-Oyis * Fig heaving a0 y-axic ©_8-D Tans formation s- Q Weansta tion [x [reo wie | w[ plot oy ly 2! a8 i Br ee t oo 8 1 t1.0 oo | [=| za v ON CeO Sealed - - a 0 , see cas 0 z - i ' o. 0 a1 a - ~ Piao) ype | coe 0 sho O | | . = [a fefo ro oly i: = ai [> lane oO ae.O t z Zz 1 Lo 0 0 !} d US —__Abouk _ z~ Ars Te cose_-sing © 0 { = ia Se y sho esa 0 || Y i 2} o 8. 9 8 \ z ees o.0 ov74 . r aa i) Sealtng = Sx O09 ~ 4! = oO sy ad ie ca 7 | 2 OP er 2 Pa z ta 0-0 Ot I a “~B_Retleotfon al [21 0 © 6 | Ta a . 2 y' QO -tt o 0 \ _ ¢ | ra 4 : 2 LO. Otte OLA) st 7 Lt L.O-0 O-¢e) 4 a©_ Viewing Twansfoymation s- _ 2? 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