St. Paul’s Institute of Technology of Iligan City, Inc.

Durian St. Balite Drive Santiago, Iligan City

1st Summative Exam

Earth Science (Grade 11 - STEM)
S. Y. 2023-2024

Name: ________________________________ Date: ___________________

Teacher: ______________________________ Score: __________________

General Direction: Read and answer the following. Write your answer on the test booklet.

I. Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen letter on
a separate sheet of paper.

1. What is the geocentric model of the solar system?

a) Earth at the center, with the Sun and planets orbiting around it
b) Sun at the center, with Earth and planets orbiting around it
c) Earth and Sun orbiting a common center
d) All planets orbiting the Moon

2. Who proposed the heliocentric model of the solar system?

a) Galileo Galilei
b) Johannes Kepler
c) Tycho Brahe
d) Nicolaus Copernicus

3. What was the major contribution of Johannes Kepler to astronomy?

a) The laws of motion

b) The law of universal gravitation
c) The laws of planetary motion
d) The discovery of Neptune

4. Which of Kepler's laws states that a planet's orbit sweeps out equal areas in equal
times?

a) Kepler's First Law

b) Kepler's Second Law
c) Kepler's Third Law
d) Kepler's Fourth Law

5. Isaac Newton's law of universal gravitation states that the force of attraction between
two objects is proportional to:

a) The product of their masses and the square of the distance between them
b) The sum of their masses and the cube of the distance between them
c) The square of the distance between them only
d) The square root of their masses

6. What force is responsible for keeping planets in orbit around the Sun?

a) Electromagnetic force
b) Strong nuclear force
c) Weak nuclear force
 d) Gravitational force

7. The period of a planet's orbit squared is proportional to the cube of its average
distance from the Sun. This statement is described by:

a) Kepler's First Law

b) Kepler's Second Law
c) Kepler's Third Law
d) Newton's Law of Gravitation

8. What was the primary reason for the rejection of the heliocentric model at the time of
Copernicus?

a) Lack of evidence
b) Religious opposition
c) Political pressure
d) Technological limitations

9. Which astronomer observed the phases of Venus, providing evidence for the
heliocentric model?

a) Galileo Galilei
b) Johannes Kepler
c) Tycho Brahe
d) Nicolaus Copernicus

10. What is the shape of the orbit described by Kepler's First Law?

a) Circle
b) Ellipse
c) Parabola
d) Hyperbola

11. Who developed the three laws of planetary motion that describe the relationship
between a planet and the Sun?

a) Galileo Galilei
b) Johannes Kepler
c) Tycho Brahe
d) Isaac Newton

12. According to the law of conservation of angular momentum, if an object in orbit moves
closer to the center of its orbit, what happens to its orbital speed?

a) It increases
b) It decreases
c) It remains constant
d) It becomes zero

13. What did Isaac Newton's "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica" propose?

a) The laws of thermodynamics

b) The laws of planetary motion
c) The laws of magnetism
d) The laws of motion and universal gravitation

14. Which of the following is NOT one of Kepler's laws of planetary motion?

a) Planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus.

 b) A line segment joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas during
equal intervals of time.
c) The square of the orbital period of a planet is directly proportional to the cube of
its semi-major axis.
d) The force between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their
masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

15. Isaac Newton's work laid the foundation for classical mechanics and his laws of
motion. Which of the following is NOT one of Newton's laws of motion?

a) An object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an object in motion tends to stay in
motion unless acted upon by a net external force.
b) The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net external force
applied to it and inversely proportional to its mass.
c) For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
d) An object's velocity will change only if an unbalanced force acts on it.

II. Answer the following. Show your solution.

1 Explain how the heliocentric model challenged the prevailing geocentric view and
how it was supported by Kepler's laws of planetary motion.

2. What is the central premise of the geocentric model in astronomy?

3. Describe how Galileo's observations of Jupiter's moons provided evidence for the
heliocentric model proposed by Copernicus.

4. Explain Kepler's Third Law and its significance in understanding the solar system.