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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
→ UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT
- passage of air
- filters/defenses the air
- warms/moistens
a. blood vessels/mucus membrane
b. nose hairs

NASAL CAVITY

SUPERIOR CONCHA Ethmoid bone

MIDDLE CONCHA Medial surface of labyrinth and
ethmoid
MIDDLE MEATUS Air passage of lat nasal cavity
between middle nasal concha
c.
and lat nasal wall
SUPERIOR MEATUS Air passage of lat nasal cavity
EXTERNAL NARES Nostrils
between sup nasal concha and
NASAL VESTIBULES Nasal hairs (area of nose)
lat nasal wall
NASAL CAVITY Moistens (mucus membrane),
INFERIOR CONCHA Lymphoid tissues (lymphatic
warms, filters air
system)
INFERIOR MEATUS
ERIBIFORM PLATE Emissary veins
PHARYNGEAL TONSIL Nasopharynx
INTERNAL NARES Entrance
PALATINE TONSIL Oropharynx
PALATINE BONE Hard palate
LINGUAL TONSIL Underneath the tongue
SOFT PALATE Soft
SPHENOID SINUS Resonates our voice and
LARYNX
lightens the skull
PHARYNX → nasopharynx – air/mucus
(throat) → oropharynx – food, water,
air
→laryngopharynx – food,
water (esophagus), air
(trachea) are separated
OPENING OF Auditory tube/eustachian
PHARYNGOTYMPANIC
TUBE
LARYNX → voice box
→ conduction of air

→ MUCUS MEMBRANE
- mucus
- cilia
- transport of fluids on the surface of a membrane

→ NASAL CAVITY (conchae)

- air turbulence (filtering, warming, moistening)

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HYOID BONE Base of the tongue
EPIGLOTTIS → Gate guardian of larynx LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT
→ prevents asphyxiation
THYROID CARTILLAGE Largest cartilage (adams
apple)
CRICOID CARTILLAGE → Back part/below
POSTERIOR:
→ front – below
→ back – back/behind
VOCAL CORDS → vestibular fold – false vocal
cords
→ vocal fold – true (vibrates
and produces sounds)
THYROHYOID Ligament that attaches your
MEMBRANE hyoid bone to cartilage
CRICOTHYROID Ligament that attaches your
LIGAMENT thyroid cartilage to cricoid
cartilage
THYROHYOID MUSCLE Infrahyoid muscle of neck that
depress and fix hyoid bone
and larynx
THYROID GLAND Butterfly-shaped organ that
releases hormones that
control metabolism
CORNICULATE Articulate with the summits of
CARTILLAGE arytenoid cartilages, backward
and medialward
ARETYNOID Used in the production of diff → RIGHT LUNG
CARTILLAGE kinds of voice quality a. Horizontal fissure of the right lung
b. Oblique fissure of the right lung

LOBES:
1. Middle lobe of the right lung
2. Inferior lobe of the right lung
3. Superior lobe of the right lung

→ LEFT LUNG
a. Oblique fissure of the left lung

LOBES:
1. Superior lobe of the left lung
2. Inferior lobe of the left lung
TRACHEA
→ anterior – tracheal cartilages → DIAPHRAGM – most important muscle for inhalation
→ posterior – muscle (long muscle – tracheal muscle)
→ PULMONARY ARTERIES – carry blood from the right side
RIGHT PRIMARY BRONCHUS (10 segments) of the heart to the lungs
- Right superior secondary (lobar) bronchus
- Right middle secondary (lobar) bronchus → PULMONARY VEINS – blood vessels that transfer freshly
- Right inferior secondary (lobar) bronchus oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atria of the
heart
LEFT PRIMARY BRONCHUS
(8 segments/tertiary segmental bronchi)
- Left superior secondary (lobar) bronchus
- Left inferior secondary (lobar) bronchus

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