Socrates (l. c.

470/469-399 BCE)
Socrates is among the most famous figures in world history for his contributions to
the development of ancient Greek philosophy which provided the foundation for
all of Western Philosophy. He is, in fact, known as the “Father of Western
Philosophy” for this reason.

Plato
is one of the most important Greek philosophers. He founded the Academy in
Athens. His works on philosophy, politics and mathematics were very influential
and laid the foundations for Euclid’s systematic approach to mathematics.

Aristotle (384 B.C.E.—322 B.C.E.)

Aristotle was an ancient Greek Philosopher and Polymath. His writings cover a
broad range of subjects spanning the natural sciences, philosophy,
linguistics,economics,politics,psychology and the arts.
Contribution: Aristotle is known for inventing the scientific method of analysis,
which can be applied to multiple fields of study.
Discovery: Aristotle was the first to develop a formal system for reasoning.

Pythagoras
Pythagoras of Samos was an ancient Ionian Greek Philosopher, Polymath and the
eponymous founder of Pythagoreanism.
Contribution: Pythagoras made important developments in Mathematics,
Astronomy and the theory of music.
Discovery: Known for Pythagoras Theorem that, for any right-angled triangle, the
square of the length of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the square of the other
two sides.

Democritus
Democritus was an Ancient Greek pre-Socratic Philosopher from Abdera.
Contribution: Democritus was a central figure in the development of the atomic
theory of the universe.
Discovery: He theorized that all material bodies are made up of invisibly small
“atoms”.