NOTES – RESPIRATION IN

ORGANISMS
CELL: All organisms are made of small, microscopic units called CELLS.
A cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism. Each
cell of an organism performs different tasks: nutrition, transport, excretion
and reproduction.

The increase in the supply of oxygen results in the complete breakdown of

lactic acid into carbon dioxide and water.

BREATHING RATE: On an average an adult human being breathes about

15-18 times in a minute. During, heavy exercise breathing rate can extend
up to 25 times per minute.

BREATHING PROCESS:
INHALATION -> NASAL CAVITY -> LUNGS (PRESENT IN THE
CHEST CAVITY AND IT IS SURROUNDED BY RIBS ON BOTH SIDES)
-> DIAPHRAGM (FORMS THE FLOOR OF CHEST CAVITY)

BREATHE FOR BETTER LIFE:

Regular traditional breathing exercise can increase the capacity of lungs to
take in more air. Thus, more oxygen can be supplied to the body cells
resulting in release of more energy.

INHALED AIR: 21% OXYGEN, 0.04% CARBON DIOXIDE

EXHALED AIR: 16.4% OXYGEN, 4.4% CARBON DIOXIDE

COCKROACH:
 It has small openings on the sides of the body called spiracles.
 They have a network of air tubes called trachea for the exchange of
gases.
 INHALATION: Oxygen -> spiracles -> tracheal tubes -> diffuses into
body tissue -> every cell of the body
EXHALATION: Carbon Dioxide from cell-> tracheal tubes-> spiracles ->
atmosphere.